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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
PRODUKSI PANAS DAN RETENSI ENERGI PADA KERBAU PACUAN YANG MENDAPATKAN LAMA LATIHAN BERBEDA [Heat Production and Energy Retention of Racing Buffaloes Subjected to Different Length of Exercise]
Get PDFABSTRAK
Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui produksi panas (kebutuhan energi) dan retensi energi
kerbau pacuan (makepung) pada kerbau lumpur (Bubalus bubalis) yang dilatih dengan lama waktu latihan
yang berbeda telah dilakukan di Desa Candikusuma, Kecamatan Melaya, Kabupaten Jembrana (Bali).
Rancangan Split plot (3 x 4) dengan rancangan dasar rancangan acak kelompok digunakan dalam
penelitian ini, dimana berat tubuh sebagai petak utama sedangkan lama waktu latihan sebagai anak
petak. Petak utama terdiri dari tiga macam berat tubuh yaitu : kerbau dengan berat tubuh 309 ± 4,29 kg
(B1); 350,94 ± 6,21 kg (B2) dan 393,94 ± 8,07 kg (B3), sedangkan anak petak terdiri dari empat tingkat
lama waktu latihan yaitu L0, L1, L2 dan L3 berturut-turut 0, 5, 10 dan 15 menit/hari.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan produksi panas dan penurunan retensi energi
secara nyata (P<0,05) dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan lama waktu latihan pada kerbau. Kebutuhan energi
untuk istirahat sebesar 32,73 MJ/ekor/hari atau setara dengan 0,39 W0,75 MJ/ekor/hari. Kebutuhan tersebut
meningkat sesuai dengan peningkatan lama waktu latihan 5; 10 dan 15 menit/hari berturut-turut menjadi
1,06; 1,22 dan 1,50 kali dari kebutuhan energi saat istiratahat, sedangkan perhitungan kebutuhan energi
untuk hidup pokok didapatkan sebesar 28,11 MJ/ekor/hari atau setara dengan 0,36 W0,75 MJ/ekor/hari.
Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Pemberian latihan menyebabkan terjadinya
kecenderungan penurunan persentase lemak dan peningkatan persentase protein tubuh kerbau; (2)
Terjadinya penurunan retensi lemak, retensi protein dan retensi energi dengan meningkatnya lama latihan;
(3) Kebutuhan energi untuk hidup pokok dan istirahat pada kerbau jantan masing-masing sekitar 0,36
W0,75 dan 0,39 W0,75 MJ/ekor/hari; dan (4) Kebutuhan energi pada kerbau jantan akan meningkat 1,66 kali
dari kebutuhan hidup pokok bila lama waktu latihan sampai 15 menit/hari.
Kata kunci: berat tubuh, latihan, produksi panas, retensi energi, kerbau pacuan
ABSTRACT
A research which was aimed to identify the heat production and retention of energy has been
carried out in racing swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) subjected to different length of exercise in the
village of Candikusuma, district of Melaya, Jembrana regency (Bali). A completely randomized block
design which was arranged in 3 x 4 split plot was applied in this research. There were three main plots in
which each plot had one group of the animals that were categorized on the bases of their average live
weights (± SD) i.e. group of B1 (309.44 ± 4.29 kg); B2 (350.94 ± 6.21 kg); and B3 (393.94 ± 8.07 kg),
and four levels of exercise used as subplot. The levels of exercise were the buffaloes which were not
subjected exercise (L0), those subjected exercise for 5 (L1), 10 (L2) and 15 minutes (L3). Each treatment
had 4 buffaloes as replication.
Results of the research revealed that heat production significantly increased and energy retention
significantly decreased with the increase in duration of exercise subjected to the buffaloes (P<0.05). The
average requirement of energy for resting was 32.73 MJ/head/day or equivalent to 0.39 W0.75 MJ/head/
day (per kg metabolic live weight). The energy requirement increased with the increasing of exercise duration i.e. for 5; 10; 15 minutes exercise required energy of 1.06; 1.22 and 1.50 times to energy for
resting, respectively, while requirement of energy recorded for maintenance was 28.11 MJ/head/day or
equivalent to 0.36 W0.75 MJ/head/day.
From the results of the research it could be concluded that : (1) the exercise subjected to the
buffaloes tended to cause the decrease in body fat reserves and to increase body protein compared to
those which were not subjected to exercise; (2) as duration of exercise was increased there were increase
in the retention of fat, protein and energy ; (3) requirements of energy for maintenance and resting for
male buffaloes were 0.36 W0.75 and 0.39 W0.75 MJ/head/day, respectively; and (4) energy requirement of
the male buffaloes increased 1.66 times to that required for maintenance when the length of exercise was
lengthened up to 15 minutes per day.
Keywords: live weight, exercise, heat production, energy retention, racing buffaloe
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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