1,721,075 research outputs found
Sujay Rakshit
No full textNot AvailableLow-moisture stress, also referred to as drought, is one of the major factors thatnegatively impact the agricultural yield. The present scenario of climate change isexpected to aggravate it further. Considering the extended time required to developresistant crops, it is important to prioritize research efforts for coping with low mois-ture, prevalent in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. While agricultural yield is atradeoff between many choices, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses comes withyield penalties. To balance the tradeoffs and maximize productivity, the use ofregion-specific cultivars and/or introgression of precise genetic proportions in anelite variety may prove useful. Stress memory is an emerging approach that helpsplants to record and respond to repeated stress in an effective manner. In thiscontext, we discuss the role of“stress memory”in imparting drought tolerance in plants.Future research efforts for its effective deployment for“drought hardening”in agricul-tural settings, along with a discussion on the yield tradeoff involved, is implicated.Not Availabl
Genomic approaches for improving grain quality of sorghum
No full textSorghum grain provides an important calorific source for millions of people living in developing countries and is a principal animal feed and source of gluten-free flour for the livestock and food processing industries of developed nations. A versatile grain, sorghum is also widely utilized in the production of alcoholic beverages in countries such as China and several countries in sub-Saharan Africa, where the liquor baijiu and beer are a major end-use, respectively. Renowned as a hardy crop, sorghum is relatively drought tolerant and can be grown on marginal lands and is adaptable to a wide range of environmental conditions, giving this species particular advantages over other cereals. Despite its inherent benefits, sorghum has not proven to be a major alternative to the other notable cereals such as wheat and maize, due to significant problems concerning the low amount of specific essential amino acids, for example, lysine, lower protein content, lower starch digestibility, and smaller grain size, which has implications for the traits mentioned above as well as acting as an impediment to efficient grain handling in cereal-processing industries. The challenges in enhancing sorghum grain quality are not insurmountable and great strides have already been achieved in a relatively short time via scientific breeding to enhance grain yield and provide abiotic and biotic stress resistance. As the sorghum market has matured, demand for higher quality grain, whether for alcohol production or animal and human consumption, is increasing. Although yield and disease resistance are still the primary focus of breeders, advances in genomics, online bioinformatic data repositories, high-throughput phenotypic screening such as near-infrared reflectance (NIR), and the increasing affordability of next-generation sequencing, have allowed breeders to incorporate improved grain quality parameters into their programs. This chapter elaborates recent advances in genomics that have provided researchers with the tools to solve several of the issues surrounding grain quality in sorghum as well as future directions for experimentation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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