11,042 research outputs found
[Gezira region, Sudan] [cartographic material] /
No full textTitle supplied by cataloguer.; Topographic map base ovberprinted in green with 'S.I.D. boundaries' and in red with 'Sudan Gezira Board Blocks'. Relief shown by spot heights, form lines and contours (interval 50 metres).; Shows: administrative boundaries, railways, roads (2 categories), tracks.; Southern Gezira: "Jan.1951(Topo.No.S.848-51)/60."; Northern Gezira: "Feb.1951(Topo.No.S.856-51)."; Includes Manaqil extension key.; National Library of Australia holds southern sheet only. ANL; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn5383366. Northern Gezira -- Southern Gizera.Northern GeziraSouthern Gezir
Sudan 1:250,000 [cartographic material] /
No full textRelief shown by contours, form lines, hachures, and spot heights.; Includes various editions of some sheets.; Sheet numbering varies.; Accompanied by 2 index sheets: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Khartoum : Great Britain, War Office, Intelligence Division, 1904 (59 x 52 cm.) -- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. New York : International Map Company, Inc., 1941? (31 x 26 cm.).; Includes index to adjoining sheets and source note.Some sheets titled: Anglo-Egyptian SudanSome sheets titled: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and French Equatorial AfricaSome sheets titled: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and AbyssiniaSome sheets titled: Uganda & Belgian-Cong
Streaming approximation resistance of every ordering CSP
Full text linkAn ordering constraint satisfaction problem (OCSP) is defined by a family of predicates mapping permutations on to . An instance of Max-OCSP() on variables consists of a list of constraints, each consisting of a predicate from applied on distinct variables. The goal is to find an ordering of the variables that maximizes the number of constraints for which the induced ordering on the variables satisfies the predicate. OCSPs capture well-studied problems including `maximum acyclic subgraph\u27 (MAS) and maximum betweenness .
In this work, we consider the task of approximating the maximum number of satisfiable constraints in the (single-pass) streaming setting, when an instance is presented as a stream of constraints. We show that for every , Max-OCSP() is approximation-resistant to -space streaming algorithms, i.e., algorithms using space cannot distinguish streams where almost every constraint is satisfiable from streams where no ordering beats the random ordering by a noticeable amount. This space bound is tight up to polylogarithmic factors. In the case of MAS our result shows that for every , MAS is not -approximable in space. The previous best inapproximability result, due to Guruswami and Tao (APPROX\u2719), only ruled out -approximations in space.
Our results build on a recent work of Chou, Golovnev, Sudan, Velingker, and Velusamy (STOC\u2722), who provide a tight, linear-space inapproximability theorem for a broad class of standard (i.e., non-ordering) constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) over arbitrary (finite) alphabets. We construct a family of appropriate standard CSPs from any given OCSP, apply their hardness result to this family of CSPs, and then convert back to our OCSP.21 pages, 1 figure. Abstract abridged. Appeared in APPROX\u2721 and Computational Complexit
O papel do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD) na construção do governo da República do Sudão do Sul: a atuação do PNUD do período pré-secessão ao pós-eleição (2009-2012)
Full text linkDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais, Florianópolis, 2013.A presente dissertação analisará a atuação do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD) na construção do Governo da República do Sudão do Sul de 2009 a 2012, a partir do estágio final do Amplo Acordo de Paz, que culminou com a independência do país em 9 de julho 2011, com foco no papel da agência no processo eleitoral do país no período pré-referendo e na manutenção dos projetos pós-referendo até 2012. A República do Sudão do Sul declarou-se independente, mas o novo membro da Organização das Nações Unidas nasce como um Estado com características de "Estado falido". Para alcançar o objetivo geral da pesquisa, serão estudados os projetos na área de governança democrática realizados pela agência. Para a elaboração do trabalho serão utilizados conceitos trazidos" por teóricos que pesquisam sobre governança global e "Estados falidos". Abstract : This dissertation will examine the role of the United Nations Program for Development (UNDP) in the construction of the Government of the Republic of South Sudan from 2009 to 2012, from the final stage of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, which ended with the country's independence on July 9, 2011, focusing on the agency's role in the electoral process of the country in the pre-referendum and maintenance of projects post-referendum until 2012. The Republic of South Sudan declared its independence, but the newest member of the United Nations was born as State with characteristics of a "failed State". To achieve the overall goal of the research, projects will be studied in the area of democratic governance conducted by the agency. For the preparation of the work it will be used concepts brought by authors who research "failed States" and global governance
Letter from Mas Sakai to Sakai family, October 12, 1942
No full textTwo letters from Mas Sakai to the Sakai Family, sent from Tanforan Assembly Center, informing the family that he will be leaving for Utah the following day. The letter is laced with sarcasm as Sakai describes living conditions at Tanforan ("it wouldn't be right if I called it a concentration camp would it? After all we get the freedom of the track, don't we?"), and incarcerees' expectations of life at Topaz ("we all look to Utah with a song in our hearts (a funeral march) for there are our golden opportunities. Wonderful, trackless, sand to plant in, and cool refreshing salt water to drink. We especially look forward to the toilets (no seats)").Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
The Lahawiyin: Identity and History in a Sudanese Arab Tribe
Full text linkThe Lahawiyin:
Identity and History in a Sudanese Arab Tribe
Tamador Ahmed Khalid Abdalla
Abstract
This thesis is concerned with the Lahawiyin of northern Sudan, and it explores
the relationship between identity and history in this Sudanese Arab tribe since
the late nineteenth century. The history of the Lahawiyin reveals continuous
crossings of borders and boundaries through a period of substantial political
and economic change, much of it driven by external forces.
The thesis demonstrates that the Lahawiyin Arab identity has been central to
the way that Lahawiyin leaders have sought to develop and maintain their
authority, and the ways in which ordinary Lahawiyin have tried to maintain a
particular way of life and patterns of social relations. Arab identity has been
used instrumentally to make claims or assert rights; but it has also shaped the
way in which Lahawiyin have understood their interests. The emphasis on
Arab identity has been closely linked to the prolonged campaign by some
Lahawiyin for a homeland (dar), and in the way that Lahawiyin have
negotiated their subordinate status within larger Arab confederations – first the
Kababish, then the Shukriyya. It has also shaped Lahawiyin relationships with
their own subordinates, particularly slaves. Though the Lahawiyin campaign
for a dar has not been successful, and their lifestyle of most Lahawiyin has
now changed irrevocably away from pastoralism, Arab identity has continued
to be important in current contests over the political status of potential leaders,
and the group as a whole.
The thesis makes use of a range of archival sources in the UK National
Archive, in Sudan Archive at Durham and at the National Records Office in
Khartoum. During the fieldwork various academic sources were consulted in
Khartoum and Gedarif which form an important aspect of the narratives
together with the many stories which were generated from the oral histories
told by the Lahawiyin.
Using these materials, the thesis discusses how the Lahawiyin, have utilized
their Arabness, and the way they present their history, to negotiate their status
with a series of regimes, from the Turco-Egyptian state of the nineteenth
century to the current regime of the National Congress Party
Peran international committee of the red cross (ICRC) dalam perlindungan korban sipil pasca perang saudara di Sudan periode 2005 - 2011
No full textSkripsi ini berupaya untuk mencennati motivasi dan dinamika dalam peran sebuah organisasi internasional yang bergerak dalam bidang kemanusiaan yaitu ICRC di Sudan. Melalui studi kepustakaan dan wawancara, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang tepat mengenai alasan mengapa ICRC tetap mendirikan kantor delegasi mereka di Sudan pasca perang saudara yang terjadi di Sudan yang ditandai dengan Comprehensive Peace Agreement pada tahun 2005. Perang saudara yang tetjadi di Sudan antara Pemerintah Sudan dengan pihak pemberontak di Sudan yaitu SPLMlA (Sudan's People Liberation Movement/Army) yang berlangsung selama 40 tahun ini telah banyak memakan korban, terutama terhadap pihak sipil. Peran ICRC dalam perlindungan korban sipil pasca perang saudara di Sudan ini mengambil rentang waktu dari tahun 2005 hingga tahun 2011 dimana waktu tersebut merupakan masa interim yang merupakan masa dimana prorokol-protokol di dalam CPA dilaksanakan hingga tetjadi referendum perdamaian pada tahun 2011. Oleh karena itu, prinsip Humanitarian Assistance dan Teori Konstruktivisme digunakan dalam penelitian ini karena dianggap dapat menjawab atas pernyataan penelitian dalam skrripsi in
Risk Aversion over Incomes and Risk Aversion over Commodities
Full text linkThis note determines the precise connection between an agent's attitude towards income risks and his attitude over risks in the underlying consumption space. Our results follow a general mathematical theory connecting the curvature properties of an objective function with the ray-curvature properties of its dual.risk aversion, concavity, duality
A long-term study on the setting reaction of glass ionomer cements by Al-27 MAS-NMR spectroscopy
Full text link25/09/12 MEB. Author version attached, OK to publis
Factors influencing branchless banking for microfinance in Sudan: Theoretical perspectives and future directions
Full text linkIn Sudan more than 40% live below the poverty line and getting basic financial service poses a challenge to financial institutions. Most of these unserved populations live in far-flung areas that make it difficult for microfinance institutions to reach them. But the enormous growth of mobile technology industry has created new opportunity to expand financial services to this unserved population. Branchless banking is one of the latest technologies that have been employed in different developing countries to expand financial services to the unbanked poor. Despite the potential benefits and relevance of Branchless banking to Sudan, there are still very few studies on Branchless banking in Sudan. To address this gap in the literature, this study aims to investigate the factors that are essential to the development of branchless banking in Sudan using mobile technology. This is a research-in-progress paper, the critical review of the literature so far revealed that there are essential factors for the success of branchless banking in Sudan e.g. the identification of the industry key players and their roles, the enabling regulatory environment, the infrastructure readiness and Sudanese cultural values. The paper will provide regulators and policy makers in Sudan a way forward to expedite the development of suitable Branchless banking for microfinance in Sudan
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