1,720,957 research outputs found
Dati come bene comune
No full textThe commons is a policy that has come back in recent years, supporting new forms of social care and innovation. The present contribution focuses on the digi- tal version, specifically open data, among the various possible forms of the com- mons. If these are not made accessible to a broader audience outside the insider bubble, the risk is that they will be the preserve of a small group of people. In this context, design can originate forms of translation that are useful to engage a broader and not necessarily knowledgeable audience
Embedding Responsible Research Innovation in Sustainable Forms of Production Through Co-design
No full textPurpose and Methodology
The acceleration in the redefinition of economies, the change in demographic structures and needs,
the spread of new technologies and communication channels act in different ways, but converge in
their effects on all the European and global territories, raising up diffuse concerns about loss of
interest in social challenges by Research and Innovation Systems (RIS). At the same time, these
phenomena lead to the exclusion of vulnerable groups from specific societal benefits and decision
processes (OECD, 2018), together with restrictions in knowledge sharing among different territorial
actors, with an unequal distribution of resources and data (i.e. between SMEs and corporations)
(Robinson, 2015).
To tackle these issues, this paper purposes a new open approach, starting from a Responsible
Research and Innovation (RRI) -filtered re-definition of “territory” in terms of territorial capital (Villari,
2018). The methological framework is based on a co-design system of practices (action-research
projects) (Zamenopoulos, 2018), aimed at deconstructing the current binary modalities of
collaboration among Quadruple Helix (4H) stakeholders, boosting horizontality, agility and
interaction.
Originality and Value - The evolution of the participatory approach
In recent years there has been an evolution of collaborative and participatory methods due to the
intensification of citizen and stakeholders involvement, posing new challenges in terms of tools (Alter
et al., 2019), skills, approaches, organization, and governance dynamics (Turnheim and Sovacool,
2019) and epistemologies (Hansson et al., 2018).
ADU’s investigation – on the different roles of design cultures in transformative processes of cities,
industries, and complex systems – is focused on the mapping of tools and approaches capable to
support spontaneous, unexpected, progressive, or sudden, predetermined or contingent mutations
linked to society.
The COVID19 emergency has highlighted how unpredictable the evolution of these phenomena is.
The drive for innovation has been unexpected and declined in various forms, ranging from self-
managed to collective and institutional innovation, aimed at producing quick and effective responses
(Palanica and Fossat, 2020).
ADU’s approach investigates new ways to re-interpret relationships, increasing resilience to
emergencies, and enabling co-design as a practice for exploiting tacit knowledge as a driver of
innovation.
The RRI perspective and the quadruple helix approach
The methodology, based on an iterative process, starts from the mapping of the different approaches
in the “collaborative practices” already in use by the different actors of the quadruple helix, to
increase an evidence-based understanding of co-design role in the different fields of application:
- PAs and institutions work with participatory planning methodologies, involving communities and
citizens to improve their services, empowering them as actors of change;
- Communities conduct civic activism initiatives aiming to improve the relationship with the urban
context, adopting co-design as a mechanism for the democratization of society and knowledge;
- Companies adopt design tools at the management level to hypothesize new business scenarios;
- Academic & research participate in co-design processes by creating research practices to express
and listen to the different traditions of knowledge.
By deconstructing this verticality, ADU is prototyping a set of tools and practices (personalized,
generative and adaptive), integrated in a horizontally co-design RRI-oriented approach (Blok, 2015),
to be adopted by the quadruple helix actors. This approach could represent key access to a more
responsible and collaborative RIS, including feedback loops and external linkages. The adoption of
continuous and iterative prototypes are oriented to engage SMEs, researchers and civil society in
the co-designing of more RRI-oriented production (Pavie et al., 2014), to new forms of
communication and collaboration, new services and products and patterns more suited to both user
and territorial needs. The co-design approach intends to support a transition:
• from linear to responsible iterative innovation,
• from closed innovation to responsible open innovation,
• from a low degree of citizens participation to research coalitions.
Co-design is considered a common grammar in projects’ development as a generative instrument to
shift towards a sustainable and community-centered innovation (Villari, 2019). Creating tools and
experiences and tailored solutions, territorial value chains will consider co-design as a core
innovation asset, being able to use it autonomously and sustainably in the long run, interacting with
their own communities (Unioncamere, Symbola, 2018).
Results and findings
Several past and ongoing projects contributed to suggest the general approach proposed in this
article; hereafter three of them are briefly reported:
C.R.I.C.C. The University of Bologna Research Center for Interaction with the Creative and Cultural
Industries aims to strengthen the regional production system by focusing on the design-driven
integration between technology, applied research, and culture. CRICC is involving the main Open
Laboratories of the Emilia-Romagna region, to test and validate practices based on co-design
activities for creative collaboration between citizens, associations, businesses, research centers,
institutions.
SUPERCRAFT. co-design practices and procurement dynamics in B2B contexts are strictly related;
we found that collaboration methodologies are affected by stakeholders' dimensions and goals,
product requirements and channel. The project, aimed at the conception and prototyping of a new
digital platform to support stakeholders collaboration among manufacturing SMEs, in the context of
tech-driven innovations, is bringing out the need for a co-design methodology based on multiple
factors such as the typology of innovation source or stakeholders combination, underlining the non-
applicability of rigid and universal processes.
DESIGN FOR CULTURAL COMPLEX HERITAGE. The research project aims to highlight
collaborative design practices that are influenced by the local territorial culture and reinterpreted
through the concepts of responsible innovation. Mapping projects and approaches that have been
able to activate a change of relationship between the territorial actors, the intention is to create an
observatory of "Good design culture" and collaborative approaches (in Latin America and Italy), for
the development of new innovations and enhancement in a responsible and inclusive territorial
productive culture perspective.
Limitations and implications
The adoption of an action-research approach is mainly addressed to transform specific initiatives
and tailored or experimental projects in practices, to be codified in an iterative process, with
recognizable phases, tools and findings. These new codes foresee the integration of co-design
methodology in territorial productive dynamics to facilitate the adoption of an RRI approach in the
context of a redefinition of RIS, improving interactivity, openness and inclusiveness
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
