1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Peran Kepemimpinan dalam Membangun Tim Kerja dan Mengembangkan Organisasi
Full text linkPemimpin dan kepemimpinan memainkan peran yang sangat penting dalam membangun tim kerja yang efektif dan mengembangkan organisasi. Pemimpin dalam organisasi dapat diibaratkan sebagai otak, sementara kepemimpinan sebagai hati. Seperti manusia yang memerlukan fungsi otak dan hati yang baik, organisasi juga membutuhkan pemimpin dan kepemimpinan yang optimal. Keduanya bekerja secara sinergis; ketika keduanya tidak berfungsi dengan baik, kinerja tim kerja terhambat, dan pertumbuhan organisasi terhambat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka untuk menganalisis peran kepemimpinan dalam membangun tim kerja dan mengembangkan organisasi. Metode ini melibatkan penelusuran literatur dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, artikel, jurnal, dan publikasi terkait lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran pemimpin yang mampu menjalankan kepemimpinan secara efektif sangat penting dalam membentuk tim kerja yang solid dan mendorong perkembangan organisasi yang positif
Budaya Organisasi Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Malang
No full textABSTRAK
Budaya merupakan kunci utama bagi sebuah organisasi untuk bisa menjadi produktif dan efektif. Tanpa budaya, perubahan dan perbaikan tidak akan bisa dilakukan dengan baik karena, sebagaimana diungkapkan Peterson (2007), budaya berpengaruh terhadap motivasi, dan motivasi berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas anggota organisasi. Sebuah organisasi tanpa budaya yang jelas dan baik, akan cenderung keropos dan tak akan mampu survive (Tjahyono, 2002: 64).
Gagasan yang memandang organisasi sebagai budaya merupakan fenomena yang relatif baru. Sebelumnya organisasi hanya dipandang sebagai alat yang rasional untuk mengkoordinasi dan mengendalikan sekelompok orang. Pandangan tentang pentingnya kedudukan budaya bagi sebuah organisasi juga mulai disadari oleh kalangan pendidikan. Sebagai sebuah institusi sosial, lembaga pendidikan dipandang memiliki kebudayaan tersendiri yang berbeda dengan budaya di institusi sosial lainnya.
Penelitian ini mengambil latar di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Malang, sebuah madrasah yang berhasil mengembangkan budaya organisasi sehingga bisa bangkit dari madrasah biasa menjadi salah satu madrasah unggulan di Kota Malang. Fokus utama dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana proses budaya organisasi di MAN 3 Malang terbentuk dan apa yang melatari dari setiap tahapan proses pembentukan budaya tersebut.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan proses terbentuk budaya organisasi di MAN 3 Malang serta memahami latar belakang terbentuknya budaya organisasi tersebut. Dalam hal ini penulis akan merekonstruksi proses terbentuk nya budaya organisasi di MAN 3 Malang serta mengungkap hal- hal yang melatari setiap tahapan dalam proses pembentukan budaya tersebut.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui rancangan studi kasus dengan orientasi teoritis menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan (1) wawancara mendalam, (2) observasi dan (3) dokumentasi. Informan diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Wujud data adalah kata-kata, catatan, laporan dan dokumen yang diperoleh dari para informan. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kriteria (1) credibility dengan tehnik perpanjangan waktu dan ketekunan pengamatan, serta triangulasi sumber, (2) dependability, dan (3) confirmability.
Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa proses terbentuknya budaya organisasi yang kuat dan positif di MAN 3 Malang melalui empat tahapan, yaitu; (1) proses adaptasi, yaitu proses penyesuaian diri setelah terjadinya alih fungsi PGAN 6 Ta hun Malang menjadi MAN 3 Malang; (2) pencarian pola, yaitu dilakukannya beberapa upaya perubahan dan inovasi oleh anggota madrasah namun perubahan tersebut belum memberikan hasil sebagaimana yang diharapkan karena belum didukung oleh sistem yang kuat; (3) membangun sistem, tahapa n ini ditandai dengan kehadiran seorang pemimpin berpengalaman yang berupaya mengartikulasikan nilai- nilai yang dia yakini kepada seluruh anggota sekolah, mengkomunikasikan visi- visinya, dan berupaya melakukan rekonstruksi perilaku anggota organisasi serta menyusun rencana perubahan dan merealisasikan perubahan tersebut bersama seluruh komponen yang ada dalam upaya pengembangan madrasah sesuai dengan perencanaan sebelumnya dengan tidak terlepas dari visi, misi, dan strategi madrasah; dan (4) terbentuknya b udaya organisasi, yaitu munculnya suatu budaya sebagai akibat visi, misi dan strategi serta pengalaman yang dimiliki oleh anggota organisasi dalam mengimplementasikan upaya-upaya perubahan di MAN 3 Malang. Budaya yang terbentuk tersebut dimanifestasikan de ngan saling bekerjasama antar anggota madrasah, upaya perbaikan yang dilakukan secara terus menerus, kesadaran bersikap disiplin, serta dikembangkannya tradisi-tradisi keagamaan di madrasah.
Proses pembentukan b udaya organisasi di MAN 3 Malang pada akhirnya membentuk budaya organisasi adaptif yang bisa dilihat dari adanya upaya untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan di sekitarnya baik lingkungan internal maupun eksternal madrasah, memanfaatkan peluang upaya-upaya inovatif agar mampu bersaing dengan lembaga pendidikan lain serta terlihat adanya keberanian pemimpin untuk memprakarsai perubahan taktik atau strategi dalam upaya pengembangan lembaga, adanya keberanian untuk mengambil resiko, memiliki keyakinan yang tinggi serta bersifat proaktif terhadap kehidupan organisasi dan individu. Selain itu juga terlihat adanya upaya perbaikan terus menerus yaitu dengan dilaksanakannya berbagai kegiatan seperti seminar, workshop, lokakarya, pelatihan-pelatihan, studi banding dan sebagainya yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kinerja organisasi. Dan tampak adanya dukungan yang kuat dari anggota organisasi untuk mengantarkan MAN 3 Malang menjadi lembaga pendidikan unggulan.
Hasil penelitian tentang budaya organisasi MAN 3 Malang ini diharapkan bisa dijadikan sebagai model atau acuan untuk pengembangan budaya di organisasi yang bergerak dalam bidang pendidikan, khususnya lembaga pendidikan yang sejenis dengan MAN 3 Malang.
ABSTRACT
Culture is the primary factor for an organization to become more productive and effective. Without the culture, changing and improvement will not happen well because, as Peterson (2007) said that culture affects motivation, and motivation affects productivities of organization members. The organization without a good and positive culture will be porous and unable survives (Tjahyono, 2002: 64).
The idea that appears the organization as a culture is a new phenomenon. Organizations were only seen as a rational tool to organize and manage a group of people. Now, the importance of organizational culture has been realized not only by managers of a company but also by educators. As a social organization, the educational institution is appeared as an organization that has a personal culture. The culture of which is different with the culture of other social organization.
The place of this research is in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Malang, a school which succeed in developing a positive organizational culture and has been able to be one of the good schools in Malang. The focus of this research is questioning about how the organizational culture of MAN 3 Malang is formed and what the background of the culture in each level of forming process is.
The purposes of this research are to understand and describe the forming process of organizational culture in MAN 3 Malang and to understand the background of each process level. This research use a qualitative research approach toward a case study and use a phenomenology approach as its theoretical orientation. The method of collecting data is conducted with; (1) interview, (2) observation, and (3) documentation. Informants are taken by purposive sampling technique. Data forms are such as words, notes, reports, and documents that are taken from the informants. Data analysis techniq ues are processed with reducing, displaying, and concluding data. And checking criteria of data validities are; (1) credibility with prolong engagement, persistent observation, and triangulation of sources, (2) dependability, and (3) conformability.
The result of this research shows that the forming process of organizational culture in MAN 3 Malang has four levels, they are; (1) adaptation process, is the adapting process after changing P GAN 6 Tahun Malang into MAN 3 Malang happened; (2) searching pattern, it is done by doing some movements and motivations by the members of school even the efforts didn’t give the results as like as hope; (3) developing system, this system is symbolized by attending an experienced principal who effort to articulate the believed values by the school members, he communicated his visions and effort to reconstruct the behavior of the school members, managed movements, planned and related the movements with all component of school that unchained from visions, missions and strateg ies of school and (4) the culture existence, the culture is formed as the effect of visions, mission, strategies and experiences of school members in implementing efforts movement in MAN 3 Malang. The formed culture is manifested by doing cooperation amon g school members, continuous improvement, discipline awareness, and practicing the religious traditions in school.
The organizational culture in MAN 3 Malang is developed adaptively. The school did efforts to adapt with the internal and external environment, exploited chances around them, and the principal dare to do changing, taking risks, having the high believe in order to develop school. They also did the continuous improvement by doing seminar, workshops, training and comparative study. And the school members has supported the principal in order to bring the school to be an excellent school. From this research is hoped that the results can become a model for developing culture in other educational institution
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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