1,720,955 research outputs found
Disinformation Methods and goals- impact on public knowledge
No full textCilj: Cilj rada je prikazati metode kojima se služe tvorci lažnih informacija koji nastoje, plasiranjem informacija s iskrivljenim sadržajem i izmišljenim podacima, oblikovati neko željeno ponašanje te utjecati na javno znanje. U radu je prikazano što je sve potrebno poznavati kako bi se stvorila i plasirala uspješna dezinformacija, od samog stvaranja poruke, odabira ciljane publike, odabira medija koji će je prenijeti, u kojem trenutku i slično. Sve navedeno dovodi i do pitanja nužne obrane od dezinformacija pa su prikazani i mogući oblici borbe protiv dezinformiranja na globalnoj razini.
Metode: Pri obradi prikazane tematike korišten je veći broj metoda istraživanja, analizirani su radovi i studije domaćih i stranih autora, te sadržaji raznih medijskih objava. U cilju sakupljanja informacija upotrijebljeni su sekundarni izvori informacija. Korištena je komparativna metoda, metoda analize sadržaja te studije slučajeva dezinformiranja.
Rezultati: Rezultati analize slučajeva ukazuju na potrebu da se, posebno danas kad su aktualne digitalne platforme, društvene mreže i nove tehnologije, osobita pažnja posveti borbi s dezinformacijama. Kako bi se smanjio njihov utjecaj na javno znanje nužno je razviti računalne sustave za provjeru točnosti informacija, usuglasiti međunarodne standarde u procesu uspostave sustava provjere informacija te jačati vjerodostojnost medija.
Zaključak: Na osnovu ovog rada može se zaključiti da se priroda dezinformacija nije naročito mijenjala kroz povijest, ali se razvojem interneta i društvenih mreža one iznimno brzo šire te predstavljaju veliku sigurnosnu prijetnju suvremenoga doba. Dezinformacijama se služe manipulatori u svrhu pokoravanja, nanošenja štete ili ostvarivanja nekih drugih interesa i ciljeva. Kako bi se utjecalo na donošenje odluka protivnika te ostvarila dominacija u informacijskom prostoru koriste se informacijske operacije i s njima usko povezane medijske operacije, te javna diplomacija. Problem dezinformiranja može se riješiti samo ako se pojača otpornost društva na dezinformacije. To se može ostvariti tako da se poveća uloga obrazovanja i osposobljavanja u promicanju digitalne pismenosti i suzbijanju dezinformacija.Aim: The aim of the paper is to the methods used by creators of false information who, by placing information with distorted content and fabricated data, try to shape some desired behavior and influence public knowledge. The paper shows what it is necessary to know in order to create and distribute successful disinformation, from the very creation of the message, the selection of the target audience, the selection of the media that will transmit it, at what time, and similar. All of the above leads to the question of the necessary defense against disinformation, so the possible forms of fighting against disinformation on a global level are presented.
Methods: A number of research methods were used in processing the presented topic, the works and studies of domestic and foreign authors, as well as the contents of various media publications, were analyzed. In order to collect information, secondary sources of information were used. A comparative method, a method of content analysis and case studies of disinformation were used.
.
Results: The results of the analysis of the mentioned cases point to the need, especially today when digital platforms, social networks and new technologies are current, to pay special attention to the fight against disinformation. In order to reduce their influence on public knowledge, it is necessary to develop computer systems for verifying the accuracy of information, harmonize international standards in the process of establishing information verification systems, and strengthen the credibility of the media.Conclusion: Based on this paper, it can be concluded that the nature of disinformation has not changed much throughout history, but with the development of the Internet and social networks, it spreads extremely quickly and represents a major security threat of the modern era. Disinformation is used by manipulators for the purpose of subjugation, causing damage or achieving some other interests and goals. In order to influence the decision-making of opponents and achieve dominance in the information space, information operations and closely related media operations, as well as public diplomacy, are used. The problem of disinformation can only be solved if society's resistance to disinformation is strengthened. This can be achieved
by increasing the role of education and training in promoting digital literacy and combating disinformation.
Key words
Disinformation Methods and goals- impact on public knowledge
No full textCilj: Cilj rada je prikazati metode kojima se služe tvorci lažnih informacija koji nastoje, plasiranjem informacija s iskrivljenim sadržajem i izmišljenim podacima, oblikovati neko željeno ponašanje te utjecati na javno znanje. U radu je prikazano što je sve potrebno poznavati kako bi se stvorila i plasirala uspješna dezinformacija, od samog stvaranja poruke, odabira ciljane publike, odabira medija koji će je prenijeti, u kojem trenutku i slično. Sve navedeno dovodi i do pitanja nužne obrane od dezinformacija pa su prikazani i mogući oblici borbe protiv dezinformiranja na globalnoj razini.
Metode: Pri obradi prikazane tematike korišten je veći broj metoda istraživanja, analizirani su radovi i studije domaćih i stranih autora, te sadržaji raznih medijskih objava. U cilju sakupljanja informacija upotrijebljeni su sekundarni izvori informacija. Korištena je komparativna metoda, metoda analize sadržaja te studije slučajeva dezinformiranja.
Rezultati: Rezultati analize slučajeva ukazuju na potrebu da se, posebno danas kad su aktualne digitalne platforme, društvene mreže i nove tehnologije, osobita pažnja posveti borbi s dezinformacijama. Kako bi se smanjio njihov utjecaj na javno znanje nužno je razviti računalne sustave za provjeru točnosti informacija, usuglasiti međunarodne standarde u procesu uspostave sustava provjere informacija te jačati vjerodostojnost medija.
Zaključak: Na osnovu ovog rada može se zaključiti da se priroda dezinformacija nije naročito mijenjala kroz povijest, ali se razvojem interneta i društvenih mreža one iznimno brzo šire te predstavljaju veliku sigurnosnu prijetnju suvremenoga doba. Dezinformacijama se služe manipulatori u svrhu pokoravanja, nanošenja štete ili ostvarivanja nekih drugih interesa i ciljeva. Kako bi se utjecalo na donošenje odluka protivnika te ostvarila dominacija u informacijskom prostoru koriste se informacijske operacije i s njima usko povezane medijske operacije, te javna diplomacija. Problem dezinformiranja može se riješiti samo ako se pojača otpornost društva na dezinformacije. To se može ostvariti tako da se poveća uloga obrazovanja i osposobljavanja u promicanju digitalne pismenosti i suzbijanju dezinformacija.Aim: The aim of the paper is to the methods used by creators of false information who, by placing information with distorted content and fabricated data, try to shape some desired behavior and influence public knowledge. The paper shows what it is necessary to know in order to create and distribute successful disinformation, from the very creation of the message, the selection of the target audience, the selection of the media that will transmit it, at what time, and similar. All of the above leads to the question of the necessary defense against disinformation, so the possible forms of fighting against disinformation on a global level are presented.
Methods: A number of research methods were used in processing the presented topic, the works and studies of domestic and foreign authors, as well as the contents of various media publications, were analyzed. In order to collect information, secondary sources of information were used. A comparative method, a method of content analysis and case studies of disinformation were used.
.
Results: The results of the analysis of the mentioned cases point to the need, especially today when digital platforms, social networks and new technologies are current, to pay special attention to the fight against disinformation. In order to reduce their influence on public knowledge, it is necessary to develop computer systems for verifying the accuracy of information, harmonize international standards in the process of establishing information verification systems, and strengthen the credibility of the media.Conclusion: Based on this paper, it can be concluded that the nature of disinformation has not changed much throughout history, but with the development of the Internet and social networks, it spreads extremely quickly and represents a major security threat of the modern era. Disinformation is used by manipulators for the purpose of subjugation, causing damage or achieving some other interests and goals. In order to influence the decision-making of opponents and achieve dominance in the information space, information operations and closely related media operations, as well as public diplomacy, are used. The problem of disinformation can only be solved if society's resistance to disinformation is strengthened. This can be achieved
by increasing the role of education and training in promoting digital literacy and combating disinformation.
Key words
Disinformation Methods and goals- impact on public knowledge
No full textCilj: Cilj rada je prikazati metode kojima se služe tvorci lažnih informacija koji nastoje, plasiranjem informacija s iskrivljenim sadržajem i izmišljenim podacima, oblikovati neko željeno ponašanje te utjecati na javno znanje. U radu je prikazano što je sve potrebno poznavati kako bi se stvorila i plasirala uspješna dezinformacija, od samog stvaranja poruke, odabira ciljane publike, odabira medija koji će je prenijeti, u kojem trenutku i slično. Sve navedeno dovodi i do pitanja nužne obrane od dezinformacija pa su prikazani i mogući oblici borbe protiv dezinformiranja na globalnoj razini.
Metode: Pri obradi prikazane tematike korišten je veći broj metoda istraživanja, analizirani su radovi i studije domaćih i stranih autora, te sadržaji raznih medijskih objava. U cilju sakupljanja informacija upotrijebljeni su sekundarni izvori informacija. Korištena je komparativna metoda, metoda analize sadržaja te studije slučajeva dezinformiranja.
Rezultati: Rezultati analize slučajeva ukazuju na potrebu da se, posebno danas kad su aktualne digitalne platforme, društvene mreže i nove tehnologije, osobita pažnja posveti borbi s dezinformacijama. Kako bi se smanjio njihov utjecaj na javno znanje nužno je razviti računalne sustave za provjeru točnosti informacija, usuglasiti međunarodne standarde u procesu uspostave sustava provjere informacija te jačati vjerodostojnost medija.
Zaključak: Na osnovu ovog rada može se zaključiti da se priroda dezinformacija nije naročito mijenjala kroz povijest, ali se razvojem interneta i društvenih mreža one iznimno brzo šire te predstavljaju veliku sigurnosnu prijetnju suvremenoga doba. Dezinformacijama se služe manipulatori u svrhu pokoravanja, nanošenja štete ili ostvarivanja nekih drugih interesa i ciljeva. Kako bi se utjecalo na donošenje odluka protivnika te ostvarila dominacija u informacijskom prostoru koriste se informacijske operacije i s njima usko povezane medijske operacije, te javna diplomacija. Problem dezinformiranja može se riješiti samo ako se pojača otpornost društva na dezinformacije. To se može ostvariti tako da se poveća uloga obrazovanja i osposobljavanja u promicanju digitalne pismenosti i suzbijanju dezinformacija.Aim: The aim of the paper is to the methods used by creators of false information who, by placing information with distorted content and fabricated data, try to shape some desired behavior and influence public knowledge. The paper shows what it is necessary to know in order to create and distribute successful disinformation, from the very creation of the message, the selection of the target audience, the selection of the media that will transmit it, at what time, and similar. All of the above leads to the question of the necessary defense against disinformation, so the possible forms of fighting against disinformation on a global level are presented.
Methods: A number of research methods were used in processing the presented topic, the works and studies of domestic and foreign authors, as well as the contents of various media publications, were analyzed. In order to collect information, secondary sources of information were used. A comparative method, a method of content analysis and case studies of disinformation were used.
.
Results: The results of the analysis of the mentioned cases point to the need, especially today when digital platforms, social networks and new technologies are current, to pay special attention to the fight against disinformation. In order to reduce their influence on public knowledge, it is necessary to develop computer systems for verifying the accuracy of information, harmonize international standards in the process of establishing information verification systems, and strengthen the credibility of the media.Conclusion: Based on this paper, it can be concluded that the nature of disinformation has not changed much throughout history, but with the development of the Internet and social networks, it spreads extremely quickly and represents a major security threat of the modern era. Disinformation is used by manipulators for the purpose of subjugation, causing damage or achieving some other interests and goals. In order to influence the decision-making of opponents and achieve dominance in the information space, information operations and closely related media operations, as well as public diplomacy, are used. The problem of disinformation can only be solved if society's resistance to disinformation is strengthened. This can be achieved
by increasing the role of education and training in promoting digital literacy and combating disinformation.
Key words
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
