1,842,531 research outputs found
Hazel and Arnold Strand Interview, 1995
Full text linkIn this interview, Hazel and Arnold Strand reminisces about the early days of television. Mr. Strand was born in Stevens County, MN on September 17, 1912 and Mrs. Strand was born on December 31, 1915. They purchased their first television about 1956.https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/tvoralhistories/1032/thumbnail.jp
Dynamics of DNA replication loops reveal temporal control of lagging-strand synthesis
Full text linkIn all organisms, the protein machinery responsible for the replication of DNA, the replisome, is faced with a directionality problem. The antiparallel nature of duplex DNA permits the leading-strand polymerase to advance in a continuous fashion, but forces the lagging-strand polymerase to synthesize in the opposite direction. By extending RNA primers, the lagging-strand polymerase restarts at short intervals and produces Okazaki fragments. At least in prokaryotic systems, this directionality problem is solved by the formation of a loop in the lagging strand of the replication fork to reorient the lagging-strand DNA polymerase so that it advances in parallel with the leading-strand polymerase. The replication loop grows and shrinks during each cycle of Okazaki fragment synthesis. Here we use single-molecule techniques to visualize, in real time, the formation and release of replication loops by individual replisomes of bacteriophage T7 supporting coordinated DNA replication. Analysis of the distributions of loop sizes and lag times between loops reveals that initiation of primer synthesis and the completion of an Okazaki fragment each serve as a trigger for loop release. The presence of two triggers may represent a fail-safe mechanism ensuring the timely reset of the replisome after the synthesis of every Okazaki fragment.
Strand-specific RNA-seq data.
No full text(A) Heat map showing strand-specific expression data from all 7G8 var gene loci in Sanaria cell bank ring stage parasites (aliquot B, 8. Generation). Strand-specific mapping of RNA-seq reads to the 7G8 reference genome (version 59). Scale bar indicates strand-specific bam file read coverage over 50 bp bins normalized to RPKM. Group affiliation of var genes is indicated by the color code: A-type var genes in red, the subfamily var1 in dark red, B-type genes in blue, group C genes in green, and the var2csa gene (group E) in yellow. On PlasmoDB annotated pseudogenes are marked with asterisk. The orientation of each gene is indicated in brackets after the accession number. (B) Forward and reverse strand profiles of transcribed var genes in cell bank A parasites (IGV). Scales were adjusted to depict low level antisense lncRNA transcripts. (PDF)</p
Marthinius A. Strand
No full textBlack and white photograph of Marthinius A. Strand in his Utah Ski Club sweater on the out run of a jumping hill
Strand-specific affinity of host factor hnRNP C1/C2 guides positive to negative-strand ratio in Coxsackievirus B3 infection
No full textCoxsackievirus B3 is an enterovirus, with positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome containing ‘Internal Ribosome Entry Site’ (IRES) in the 5ʹUTR. Once sufficient viral proteins are synthesized in the cell from the input RNA, viral template switches from translation to replication to synthesize negative-strand RNA. Inhibition of translation is a key step in regulating this switch as the positive-strand RNA template should be free of ribosomes to enable polymerase movement. In this study, we show how a host protein hnRNP C1/C2 inhibits viral RNA translation. hnRNP C1/C2 interacts with stem-loop V in the IRES and displaces poly-pyrimidine tract binding protein, a positive regulator of translation. We further demonstrate that hnRNP C1/C2 induces translation to replication switch, independently from the already known role of the ternary complex (PCBP2-3CD-cloverleaf RNA). These results suggest a novel function of hnRNP C1/C2 in template switching of positive-strand from translation to replication by a new mechanism. Using mathematical modelling, we show that the differential affinity of hnRNP C1/C2 for positive and negative-strand RNAs guides the final ± RNA ratio, providing first insight in the regulation of the positive to negative-strand RNA ratio in enteroviruses.</p
Characteristics of oligonucleotide frequencies across genomes: Conservation versus variation, strand symmetry, and evolutionary implications
Full text linkOne of the objectives of evolutionary genomics is to reveal the genetic information contained in the primordial genome (called the primary genetic information in this paper, with the primordial genome defined here as the most primitive nucleic acid genome for earth’s life) by searching for primitive traits or relics remained in modern genomes. As the shorter a sequence is, the less probable it would be modified during genome evolution. For that reason, some characteristics of very short nucleotide sequences would have considerable chances to persist during billions of years of evolution. Consequently, conservation of certain genomic features of mononucleotides, dinucleotides, and higher-order oligonucleotides across various genomes may exist; some, if not all, of these features would be relics of the primary genetic information. Based on this assumption, we analyzed the pattern of frequencies of mononucleotides, dinucleotides, and higher-order oligonucleotides of the whole-genome sequences from 458 species (including archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes). Also, we studied the phenomenon of strand symmetry in these genomes. The results show that the conservation of frequencies of some dinucleotides and higher-order oligonucleotides across genomes does exist, and that strand symmetry is a ubiquitous and explicit phenomenon that may contribute to frequency conservation. We propose a new hypothesis for the origin of strand symmetry and frequency conservation as well as for the constitution of early genomes. We conclude that the phenomena of strand symmetry and the pattern of frequency conservation would be original features of the primary genetic information
Application of Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis to Determine γ-ray-induced Double-strand Breaks in Yeast Chromosomal Molecules
Full text linkThe frequency of DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) was determined in yeast cells exposed to γ-rays under anoxic conditions. Genomic DNA of treated cells was separated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, and two different approaches for the evaluation of the gels were employed: (1) The DNA mass distribution profile obtained by electrophoresis was compared to computed profiles, and the number of DSB per unit length was then derived in terms of a fitting procedure; (2) hybridization of selected chromosomes was performed, and a comparison of the hybridization signals in treated and untreated samples was then used to derive the frequency of dsb
Strand-specific expression data reveal novel transcript features.
No full textTop row: Novel transcripts observed antisense to HAH_2649 (arCOG11826) and HAH_0885 (SOS response associated peptidase). Bottom row: Targets predicted to encode small proteins appear to have extended 3’ UTRs. Green tracks show the per base coverage of transcripts originating from the top strand for representative sample. Blue histograms show transcripts originating from the bottom strand. (EPS)</p
Strand
No full textBACKGROUND Carriageworks is home base for Performance Space, a NSW cultural agency facilitating artistic innovation for audiences across many different sites and venues. Redfern creates video works at the intersection of site, screen and identity, giving critical expression to the complexity of screen-mediated experience. His practice has become increasingly focused on contemporary understandings of place. These interests are expressed with a self-conscious approach to the technology and culture of video, making it both subject and medium for his work. CONTRIBUTION Strand is a dance video created by Redfern in collaboration with Siobhan Murphy and Michaela Pegum. The work emerged specifically in response to the environment of Lake Tyrell, Victoria's largest salt lake. Contemporary dance practitioners have used their work to protest, to illuminate social concerns, and to galvanize movements (Paloma McGregor) and here human movement engages with a unique and fragile environment. Making dance in the landscape is particularly vexed but the collaboration enabled an overarching thematic approach that led to the choreographer- dancers guiding the edit and Murphy also made a vital contribution to the soundtrack. Although roles and specialities were distinct, this work illustrates a new form of collaborative practice for video makers. SIGNIFICANCE Performance Space champions work that takes creative risks, experiments with artforms and is supported by the Australia Council, Arts NSW; and the Visual Arts and Craft Strategy, an initiative of the Australian, State and Territory Governments
Strand-seq of the proximal inversion at 15q25.
No full textOn the left, ideograms of expected Strand-seq results for each possible inversion genotype are shown. On the right, a UCSC Genome Browser view (coordinates lifted to GRCh37/hg19) of Strand-seq data, BED-formatted and uploaded as custom tracks, of the three libraries is shown. For each cell, aligned reads are indicated as individual lines in Crick (teal) or Watson (orange) state. In the library on the top (HsSs_0256) mixed Watson and Crick reads at the proximal inversion (black arrow) indicate the heterozygosity of the region while in the others a direct orientation of the region is shown.</p
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