1,720,955 research outputs found
Listen to the beat: Behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of slow and fast heartbeat sounds
Full text linkBackground: Listening to heartbeat sounds have been found to affect cardiac activity and behavior. However, less is known about the effects of these stimuli on brain activity and cognition. Alpha oscillations (8–13 Hz) are considered markers of cortical activation. Frontal alpha Asymmetry (FαA) reflects the valence attributed to the
stimulus and the tendency to approach/avoid it.
Aim: This study investigates the effects of sounds mimicking heart pulsations at different rhythms on reaction times and neurophysiological activity.
Method: EEG data were collected during a resting-state condition and two Simple Reaction Time tasks (SRT), during which artificially generated heartbeat sounds at fast (120 bpm, FastBeat condition) or slow (60 bpm, SlowBeat condition) rhythms were administered. Alpha power was compared across the three conditions. Differences in the SRT and FαA values were examined between the FastBeat and SlowBeat conditions.
Results: Compared to the resting-state condition, decreased alpha activity over bilateral frontocentral regions was observed in both tasks. The comparison between the FastBeat and the SlowBeat conditions revealed faster response times, a pattern of alpha suppression over right frontal regions, and lower FαA values in the former.
Conclusions: The similarity of alpha reductions elicited in the comparison between the resting-state and the two task conditions suggests that these patterns were ascribable to processes common to both conditions (SRT task, auditory stimulation). In contrast, the differences between the two conditions suggest that fast heartbeat sounds are perceived as more adverse and stressful stimuli, inducing cortical activation over regions associated with
negative states and avoidant tendencies
Time perception and time-based prospective memory: A behavioral study
Full text linkopenLa memoria prospettica basata sul tempo (TBPM) è l’abilità di ricordare di svolgere un’azione in un preciso momento nel futuro. Per compiere l’intenzione al momento opportuno è necessario monitorare attivamente il passaggio del tempo. Studi precedenti hanno dimostrato il coinvolgimento delle abilità di percezione temporale nei comportamenti di monitoraggio strategico messi in atto per identificare il momento target in cui avviare l’azione prevista. L’obiettivo del presente studio è quello di indagare se le abilità di bisezione e riproduzione di intervalli temporali possano correlare con l’accuratezza delle risposte fornite al compito di memoria prospettica time-based. Le abilità temporali sono state indagate tramite compiti di bisezione e riproduzione di intervalli temporali. È stato infine proposto un compito di memoria prospettica time- based, in cui al partecipante è stato richiesto di premere un tasto ogni 2 minuti dall’inizio del compito durante lo svolgimento di un compito ongoing ad alto o basso carico cognitivo. Nel compito prospettico ai partecipanti è stata fornita la possibilità di consultare un orologio esterno per un massimo di cinque volte all’interno di ogni intervallo temporale. I risultati hanno dimostrato la presenza di una correlazione tra l’abilità di riproduzione di intervalli temporali e l’accuratezza di risposta al compito prospettico. Le abilità di bisezione temporale non sembrerebbero invece influire sulla prestazione in un compito di memoria prospettica time-based. Saper riprodurre accuratamente degli intervalli temporali sembrerebbe essere un’abilità coinvolta sia nel monitoraggio temporale che nella produzione di risposte ad un compito di memoria prospettica time-based
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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