11 research outputs found
Impact Investing Handbook: An Implementation Guide for Practitioners
No full textRockefeller Philanthropy Advisors published the "Impact Investing Handbook: An Implementation Guide for Practitioners"—180 pages of helping asset owners turn interest into action. Two years in the making, this practical publication features case studies and detailed guidance for individuals, families, foundations, and corporations. Written by Steven Godeke of Godeke Consulting and Patrick Briaud of RPA, it features input from over fifty experts and practitioners.The Handbook comes at a pivotal moment. In the midst of urgent social, economic and environmental challenges including COVID-19, a rapidly changing climate, growing economic inequity, and broader realization of systemic impacts of racism, more investors are seeking to better understand the positive and negative consequences of how they deploy capital. There is a growing realization among those who seek to influence society that they can use more of their assets to complement and even accelerate their social impact goals.The Handbook covers:The Why – Developing a theory of change by merging impact goals with investment goals.The How – Building or shifting a portfolio using the full range of impact tools and structures.The So What – Measuring success through leading principles, frameworks, and standards.The Now What – Crafting a realistic implementation plan by following best practices
Philanthropy's New Passing Gear: Mission-Related Investing: A Policy and Implementation Guide for Foundation Trustees
No full textThe goal of this guide is to provide foundation trustees and, where or when appropriate, staff with a process to create both an overall policy for MRI as well as specific paths for implementation. Our mission-related investing roadmap outlines how to:Ground a strategy within the values and mission of your foundation;Understand the various catalysts for MRI within a foundation;Structure a policy discussion in the boardroom;Integrate MRI into existing program and investment processes;Link your investment asset allocation with your program goals;Determine the appropriate MRI investment tools and strategies for the foundation;Select appropriate financial, program and investment consultants;Organize the board, and staff and investment consultants to find, evaluate, approve and execute MRI investment vehicles;Monitor investment performance of an MRI portfolio; and ultimatelyIntegrate social returns into the ongoing investment and program decisions of the foundation.We have also included 12 case studies which reflect the diversity of experiences of foundations active in MRI
Building scale in community impact investing through nonfinancial performance measurement
No full textThe measurement of nonfinancial performance is becoming increasingly important in the community impact investing industry, where individuals and institutions actively deploy capital in low-income domestic markets for both financial and social returns. Quality data ensure that the creation of jobs, construction of community facilities, financing of affordable housing, and other benefits that characterize the sector are delivered cost-effectively and transparently. This paper discusses the limited practice and future direction of nonfinancial performance measurement by revisiting four key questions: ; 1. Does nonfinancial performance measurement really matter for investors? ; 2. If it does matter, is nonfinancial performance measurement even possible? ; 3. If nonfinancial performance is possible to measure, what form should it take? ; 4. How will nonfinancial performance measurement increase community impact investing? ; The paper examines the barriers to a more robust regime of nonfinancial performance measurement and posits both that innovation in the sector ought to be driven by the discrete but explicit needs and demands of investors, and that greater accountability has a special role to play in making disclosure more attractive. The report concludes that nonfinancial performance measurement directly informs the investment process and is essential to growing community impact investing because it provides latent sources of capital with market-level information on the tradeoffs between financial and social return. Although the industry is unlikely to discover the “silver bullet” of nonfinancial performance measurement in the near future, there is reason to be hopeful: measurement strategies can – and will – converge through private- and public-sector innovation.Community development
Mission Investing in Europe – A Meta-analysis
No full textUnter dem Oberbegriff “Mission Investing” (MI) versteht sich die Praxis bei Nonprofit Organisationen (NPO), das organisationseigene Sachziel in die Anlagestrategie mit einzuschliessen. Trotz stets steigender Popularität fehlt dem Konzept bisher weitgehend eine wissen schaftliche Fundierung. Mittels einer begrifflichen Diskussion identifiziert dieser Beitrag Schlüsselmerkmale des Anlagekonzepts. Diese Merkmale umfassen unter anderem den Einschluss von non-monetären Anlagezielen, welche eng mit dem Organisationszweck verwandt sind, sowie die Zielsetzung der effektiveren Umsetzung des Organisationszwecks durch die Verknüpfung von Anlage - und Förderpolitik. Weiter
vergleicht dieser Beitrag im Rahmen einer Metaanalyse neu erschienene Daten zum aktuellen Umsetzungsstand von MI in Europa. Ausgehend von den drei Instrumenten des MI(Screening, Shareholder Advocacy und Proactive Mission Investing) wird dieses derzeit am häufigsten mittels Screening umgesetzt
Heterologous Immune Responses of Serum IgG and Secretory IgA Against the Spike Protein of Endemic Coronaviruses During Severe COVID-19.
No full textDefining immune correlates of disease severity is important to better understand the immunopathogenesis in COVID-19. Here we made use of a protein microarray platform to detect IgG- and IgA-reactive antibodies in sera and saliva respectively, and assess cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs). IgG responses against the full protein of spike, but not the S1 subunit, were significantly higher in convalescent sera of patients with severe disease compared to mild disease and healthy controls. In addition, we detected reactivity of secretory IgA to eCoVs in saliva of patients with severe disease, not present in patients with moderate disease or seropositive healthy controls. These heterologous immune responses are in line with non-protective cross-reactivity, and support a potential role for immune imprinting in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19
Image_2_Heterologous Immune Responses of Serum IgG and Secretory IgA Against the Spike Protein of Endemic Coronaviruses During Severe COVID-19.tiff
No full textDefining immune correlates of disease severity is important to better understand the immunopathogenesis in COVID-19. Here we made use of a protein microarray platform to detect IgG- and IgA-reactive antibodies in sera and saliva respectively, and assess cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs). IgG responses against the full protein of spike, but not the S1 subunit, were significantly higher in convalescent sera of patients with severe disease compared to mild disease and healthy controls. In addition, we detected reactivity of secretory IgA to eCoVs in saliva of patients with severe disease, not present in patients with moderate disease or seropositive healthy controls. These heterologous immune responses are in line with non-protective cross-reactivity, and support a potential role for immune imprinting in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19.</p
Image_3_Heterologous Immune Responses of Serum IgG and Secretory IgA Against the Spike Protein of Endemic Coronaviruses During Severe COVID-19.tiff
No full textDefining immune correlates of disease severity is important to better understand the immunopathogenesis in COVID-19. Here we made use of a protein microarray platform to detect IgG- and IgA-reactive antibodies in sera and saliva respectively, and assess cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs). IgG responses against the full protein of spike, but not the S1 subunit, were significantly higher in convalescent sera of patients with severe disease compared to mild disease and healthy controls. In addition, we detected reactivity of secretory IgA to eCoVs in saliva of patients with severe disease, not present in patients with moderate disease or seropositive healthy controls. These heterologous immune responses are in line with non-protective cross-reactivity, and support a potential role for immune imprinting in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19.</p
Image_1_Heterologous Immune Responses of Serum IgG and Secretory IgA Against the Spike Protein of Endemic Coronaviruses During Severe COVID-19.tiff
No full textDefining immune correlates of disease severity is important to better understand the immunopathogenesis in COVID-19. Here we made use of a protein microarray platform to detect IgG- and IgA-reactive antibodies in sera and saliva respectively, and assess cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs). IgG responses against the full protein of spike, but not the S1 subunit, were significantly higher in convalescent sera of patients with severe disease compared to mild disease and healthy controls. In addition, we detected reactivity of secretory IgA to eCoVs in saliva of patients with severe disease, not present in patients with moderate disease or seropositive healthy controls. These heterologous immune responses are in line with non-protective cross-reactivity, and support a potential role for immune imprinting in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19.</p
Image_4_Heterologous Immune Responses of Serum IgG and Secretory IgA Against the Spike Protein of Endemic Coronaviruses During Severe COVID-19.tiff
No full textDefining immune correlates of disease severity is important to better understand the immunopathogenesis in COVID-19. Here we made use of a protein microarray platform to detect IgG- and IgA-reactive antibodies in sera and saliva respectively, and assess cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs). IgG responses against the full protein of spike, but not the S1 subunit, were significantly higher in convalescent sera of patients with severe disease compared to mild disease and healthy controls. In addition, we detected reactivity of secretory IgA to eCoVs in saliva of patients with severe disease, not present in patients with moderate disease or seropositive healthy controls. These heterologous immune responses are in line with non-protective cross-reactivity, and support a potential role for immune imprinting in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19.</p
Modelo matemático para el control de la transmisión paralela del covid-19 por individuos sintomáticos y asintomáticos
No full textA mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations was developed that describes the dynamics of COVID-19 in a human community where infected individuals may or may not be symptomatic and on which public health policies are implemented. With interest in interventions, either by prevention (such as the use of masks, hand hygiene, social distancing) or by treatment (pharmaceutical), it is investigated if the controllable health problem, therefore, the stability and controllability of the solutions of the model based on the basic reproduction number; then, a prevention coverage criterion is established based on the control reproduction number, providing different simulation scenarios for this control measure. The results revealed that prevention is effective in reducing transmission, however, its effectiveness may be reduced by not knowing with certainty the magnitude of the transmission of individuals with the infection but without symptoms and the degree of participation of those who have such a condition. fact that made possible the reappearance of sustained outbreaks of COVID-19.Se desarrolló un modelo matemático basado en ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias que describe la dinámica de la COVID-19 en una comunidad humana donde los individuos infectados pueden ser sintomáticos o no y sobre la cual se implementan políticas de salud pública. Con interés en intervenciones, ya sea por prevención (como el uso de máscaras, higiene de manos, distanciamiento social) o por tratamiento (farmacéutico), se investiga si el problema de salud controlable, por consiguiente, se analiza la estabilidad y controlabilidad de las soluciones del modelo con base en el número básico de reproducción; luego, se establece un criterio de cobertura de la prevención a partir se del número de reproducción de control, proporcionando diferentes escenarios de simulación para esta medida de control. Los resultados revelaron que la prevención es eficaz para reducir la transmisión, sin embargo, su eficacia puede reducirse al no saberse con certeza la magnitud de la transmisión de los individuos con la infección pero sin síntomas y el grado de participación de quienes poseen tal condición, hecho que posibilitó la reaparición de brotes sostenidos de la COVID-19.Foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático baseado em equações diferenciais ordinárias que descreve a dinâmica do COVID-19 em uma comunidade humana onde os indivíduos infectados podem ou não ser sintomáticos e na qual são implementadas políticas de saúde pública. Com interesse em intervenções, seja por prevenção (como uso de máscaras, higiene das mãos, distanciamento social) ou por tratamento (farmacêutico), investiga-se se o problema de saúde controlável, portanto, a estabilidade e controlabilidade das soluções do modelo com base no número básico de reprodução; em seguida, estabelece-se um critério de cobertura de prevenção com base no número de reprodução do controle, proporcionando diferentes cenários de simulação para essa medida de controle. Os resultados revelaram que a prevenção é eficaz na redução da transmissão, porém, sua eficácia pode ser reduzida por não se saber com certeza a magnitude da transmissão de indivíduos com a infecção mas sem sintomas e o grau de participação daqueles que apresentam tal condição. que possibilitou o reaparecimento de surtos sustentados de COVID-19
