235 research outputs found
Obiektywne możliwości monitorowania postępów terapii tkanek miękkich w rehabilitacji z zastosowaniem EMG = Objective possibilities of monitoring the progress of a treatment of soft tissues in the rehabilitation with the EMG application
No full textMichalik Joanna. Obiektywne możliwości monitorowania postępów terapii tkanek miękkich w rehabilitacji z zastosowaniem EMG = Objective possibilities of monitoring the progress of a treatment of soft tissues in the rehabilitation with the EMG application. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):554-559. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.60952
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3772
https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/744823
The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).
755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7
© The Author (s) 2016;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 01.08.2016. Revised 08.08.2016. Accepted: 22.08.2016.
Obiektywne możliwości monitorowania postępów terapii tkanek miękkich w rehabilitacji z zastosowaniem EMG
Objective possibilities of monitoring the progress of a treatment of soft tissues in the rehabilitation with the EMG application
Joanna Michalik¹
1 NZOZ Sanus, Lublin
Autor do korespondencji:
Joanna Michalik
Niepubliczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej „SANUS”, ul Magnoliowa 2, 20-144 Lublin
[email protected]
Tel. 600 065 151
Streszczenie
Elektromiografia to pomiar sygnału elektrycznego powiązanego ze skurczem mięśnia. Jest uznawana za obiektywną metodę służąca do rejestracji potencjałów mięśni powierzchownych. Z powodu powtarzalności i możliwości porównywania badań elektrofizjologicznych używana jest w postępowaniu diagnostycznym oraz kontrolowaniu przebiegu schorzenia i efektywności leczenia. Celem naszej pracy było zaprezentowanie przeglądu literatury. Niniejsze badania pokazują jak elektromiografia powierzchniowa przydatna jest w obiektywnej ocenie skuteczności terapii tkanek miękkich.
Słowa kluczowe: elektromiografia powierzchniowa, skurcz mięśni, terapia tkanek miękkich.
Summary
An electromyography is a measurement of the electrical signal connected with the myospasm. There is a housemaid regarded as the objective method for the registration of potentials of superficial muscles. Because of the repetitiveness and the comparability of examinations electrophysiological is being used in diagnostic proceedings and controlling the course of disease and the effectiveness of the treatment. Presenting the literature review was a purpose of our work. This examinations are demonstrating the surface electromyography is useful in the objective assessment of effectiveness of therapy of soft tissues.
Key words: surface electromyography, a cramp, therapy of soft tissues
Causes and effects of multiparty elections in authoritarian regimes
No full textSusanne Michalik analyzes why authoritarian regimes allow for multiparty elections and how they affect political outcomes. Even though their introduction rarely leads to a change in power, such elections should not be regarded as mere window-dressing. She argues that competitive elections are installed to deal with a split among the incumbent elite and to facilitate the formation of a new ruling coalition. In a cross-national study the author finds that elections matter and the ruling party does more than just manipulate election results in order to be reelected. Incumbents provide a mix of public goods and targeted public goods depending on the level of electoral competition they are experiencing. The outcome of authoritarian multiparty elections in the form of the legislature’s party composition also has an effect on the regime’s international relations in the form of foreign aid allocation
Wybrane techniki terapeutyczne wykorzystywane w zespołach bólowych i zespołach przeciążeniowych mięśni = Chosen therapeutic techniques used in pain syndromes and teams of strain muscles
No full textMichalik Joanna, Zawadka Magdalena, Gawda Piotr. Wybrane techniki terapeutyczne wykorzystywane w zespołach bólowych i zespołach przeciążeniowych mięśni = Chosen therapeutic techniques used in pain syndromes and teams of strain muscles. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):249-256. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.60426
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3756
The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).
755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7
© The Author (s) 2016;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 15.07.2016. Revised 08.08.2016. Accepted: 18.08.2016.
Wybrane techniki terapeutyczne wykorzystywane w zespołach bólowych i zespołach przeciążeniowych mięśni
Chosen therapeutic techniques used in pain syndromes and teams of strain muscles
Joanna Michalik¹, Magdalena Zawadka2, Piotr Gawda3
1 NZOZ Sanus, Lublin
2 Ośrodek Rehabilitacji, Instytut Medycyny Wsi im. Witolda Chodźki, Lublin
3 Zakład Rehabilitacji i Fizjoterapii, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
Joanna Michalik, Magdalena Zawadka, dr n. med Piotr Gawda
Autor do korespondencji:
Joanna Michalik
Niepubliczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej „SANUS”, ul Magnoliowa 2, 20-144 Lublin
[email protected]
Tel. 600 065 151
Streszczenie
Zespoły bólowe jako efekt przeciążeń są spowodowane długotrwałą dysproporcją a zdolnością wytrzymałości tkanki. Objawami tego typu dolegliwości są między innymi nadmiernie napięte mięśnie, skrócenie mięśni, ograniczenie ruchomości w stawie, promieniujący ból. Za leczenie zespołów przeciążeniowych odpowiedzialna jest terapia manualna oraz techniki energizacji mięśni tj., terapia punktów spustowych, poizometryczna relaksacja mięśni lub masaż poprzeczny tkanek. Celem naszej pracy było zaprezentowanie przeglądu literatury. Niniejsze badania pokazują jak techniki manualne działają na przeciążone tkanki. Jest wyraźnie ukazane, że wybrane techniki terapii mają pozytywne rezultaty w leczeniu zespołów przeciążeniowych.
Słowa kluczowe: zespół przeciążeniowy mięśni, relaksacja mięśni, terapia punktów spustowych.
Summary
Pain syndromes as a result of overloads are caused by long-term disparity of strength and the ability of the tissue. Symptoms of this type of disorders, among others, overly tense muscles, muscle shortening, limitation of movement in the pond, radiating pain. For treatment teams overload is the responsibility of manual therapy and muscle energy, ie., Trigger point therapy, postisometric muscle relaxation or massage transverse tissue. The aim of our work was to present a review of the literature. This study shows how to manual techniques operate on congested tissue. It is clearly shown that the selected therapy techniques have positive results in the treatment teams overload.
Key words: strain team of muscles, relaxation of muscles, therapy of release points
Hluboké učení a vizualizace modelů pro generování popisků obrázků a multimodální překlad
No full textTitle: Deep Learning and Visualization of Models for Image Captioning and Multimodal Translation Author: Samuel Michalik Institute: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: Mgr. Jindřich Helcl, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Abstract: In recent years, the machine learning paradigm known as deep learning has proven to be well suited for the exploitation of modern parallel hardware and large datasets, helping to advance the frontier of research in many fields of arti- ficial intelligence and finding succesfull commercial applications. Deep learning allows end-to-end trainable systems to tackle difficult tasks by building complex hierarchical representations. However, these internal representations often avoid easy interpretation. We explore the possibilities of interpretable visualizations of attention components and beam search decoding at the task of image captioning and multimodal translation and build an application - Macaque, that can be run as an online service, to meet this end. Furthermore, we propose a novel attention function formulation, called scaled general attention. We experimentally evalu- ate scaled general attention along common attention functions on four different model architectures based on the encoder-decoder framework at the tasks of im- age captioning and...Název práce: Hluboké Učení a Vizualizace Modelů pro Generování Popisků Obrázků a Multimodální Překlad Autor: Samuel Michalik Ústav: Ústav Formální a Aplikované Lingvistiky Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Mgr. Jindřich Helcl, Ústav Formální a Aplikované Lingvistiky Abstrakt: V posledných rokoch sa paradigma strojového učenia, nazývané hlboké učenie, ukázalo, ako vhodné pre exploitáciu moderného paralelného hardvéru a veľkých datasetov, pomáhajúc tak posunúť vpred hranicu súčasného výzkumu v mnohých odvetviach umelej inteligencie a zároveň nachádzajúc komerčné uplat- nenie. Hlboké učenie umožnuje systémom s jedným trénovacím objektívom riešiť komplikované úlohy cez vytváranie komplexných hierarchických reprezentácií. Ti- eto reprezentácie je však náročné interpretovať. V tejto práci skúmame možnosti interpretovateľnosti vizualizácií attention komponent a beam search dekódovania na úlohách image captioningu a multimodálneho prekladu a za týmto účelom vyvýjame softvérovú aplikáciu - Macaque, ktorá môže bežať ako lokálne, alebo ako online služba. Okrem toho predkladáme novú formulácie attention modulu, ktorú nazývame scaled general attention. Experimentálne porovnávame scaled general attention s ďalšími bežnými attention funkciami na štyroch rôznych ar- chitektúrach, vychádzajúcich z encoder-decoder frameworku na...Institute of Formal and Applied LinguisticsÚstav formální a aplikované lingvistikyMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
Deep learning and visualization of models for image captioning and multimodal translation
No full textTitle: Deep Learning and Visualization of Models for Image Captioning and Multimodal Translation Author: Samuel Michalik Institute: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: Mgr. Jindřich Helcl, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Abstract: In recent years, the machine learning paradigm known as deep learning has proven to be well suited for the exploitation of modern parallel hardware and large datasets, helping to advance the frontier of research in many fields of arti- ficial intelligence and finding succesfull commercial applications. Deep learning allows end-to-end trainable systems to tackle difficult tasks by building complex hierarchical representations. However, these internal representations often avoid easy interpretation. We explore the possibilities of interpretable visualizations of attention components and beam search decoding at the task of image captioning and multimodal translation and build an application - Macaque, that can be run as an online service, to meet this end. Furthermore, we propose a novel attention function formulation, called scaled general attention. We experimentally evalu- ate scaled general attention along common attention functions on four different model architectures based on the encoder-decoder framework at the tasks of im- age captioning and..
Proteolysis at a proteome-wide scale in low GC, Gram-positive bacteria
No full textProteolysis represents the final step in the life of a protein. It is one of the most important cellular processes assisted by chaperone systems and ensures an appropriate protein homeostasis. Protein degradation is essential for the removal of cytotoxic protein aggregates and mis-translated/mal-folded proteins, „unemployed“ and regulatory proteins to enable rapid cell adaptation to altering environmental conditions (Gottesman, 2003; Wiegert & Schumann, 2001; Parker, 1981; Stansfield et al., 1998; Drummond & Wilke, 2008; Goldberg, 1972; Gerth et al., 2008). The bacterial Clp (caseinolytic proteins) protease complexes are analogous to the eukaryotic 26S proteasome and consist of Hsp100/Clp proteins of the AAA+ superfamily and an associated barrel-like proteolytic chamber (e.g. ClpP). The Clp proteases seem to be responsible for the major protein turnover in low GC, Gram+ bacteria. The main goal of this thesis was to develop new methods and tools to investigate global proteolysis more precisely and to get a detailed understanding of protein degradation during starvation conditions and it´s regulation in low GC, Gram-positive bacteria. To analyse protein degradation under starvation conditions the well established glucose starvation model was used. In Bacillus subtilis it could be shown that approximately 200 proteins are selectively degraded in a glucose depletion induced stationary phase. Furthermore radioactive pulse-chase labelling experiments coupled with 2D-PAGE analysis revealed that mainly the ClpCP protease complex is involved in the degradation of proteins in the stationary growth phase. To investigate proteolysis in the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus in the same way, a newly developed chemically defined medium was established suitable for radioactive pulse-chase labelling experiments under stable glucose starvation conditions. The degradation kinetics of individual 2D spots was significantly better resolved using 14C-BSA as an internal marker protein for the sample normalisation. A rather huge overlap was found within the functional protein classes that were degraded in B. subtilis and S. aureus the stationary phase. Among others, especially proteins involved in amino acid, nucleotide and cell wall biosynthesis were rapidly degraded, whereby not always the same and sometimes another enzymes from a biosynthetic chain were targeted for proteolysis. Despite the resolution power of the 2D-PAGE method, there are some drawbacks such as a limited "protein window" with regard to the molecular weight and isoelectric point, loss of low abundance proteins and a rather low reproducibility for time course experiments. Therefore a mass spectrometry based approach for the simultaneous detection of protein synthesis, accumulation and degradation was developed. This pulse-chase SILAC approach provides a very good reliability with a broad spectrum of proteins that can be analysed. Through the combination with ultracentrifugation even non-soluble and aggregated proteins could be analysed. Several hundred proteins were degraded in S. aureus during glucose starvation. Among them was the functional cluster of ribosomal proteins which is degraded in the early stationary phase. Furthermore proteins belonging to complexes were degraded with the same kinetic (e.g. NrdE, NrdF). In addition selective protein degradation took place according to functional categories (e.g., ribosomal proteins, biosynthetic, glycolytic enzymes) and not to regulatory groups (e.g. CcpA, SigB regulon).The investigation of a clpP deletion mutant in S. aureus revealed a greater susceptibility to aggregation, where the cells try to counteract with the expression of chaperones like GroEL/ES, ClpB and DnaK. The renaturation process is very ATP consuming and only takes place in energy rich phases of growth (e.g. from exponential to transient growth phase). Protein aggregation was found enhanced in the stationary phase. Furthermore, a higher GTP level compared to the wild-type probably resulted in a stronger CodY mediated repression with a rather low level of amino acids in clpP mutant cell. In addition substances like glycerol, which thermodynamically stabilise proteins in refolding processes (Maeda et al., 1996; Feng & Yan, 2008), were found in higher levels compared to the wild-type. A strong response to reactive oxygen species was detected in the clpP mutant strain, which is probably due to ROS production during the early stages of protein aggregation. Altogether, different methods were used for investigation protein degradation at a proteome-wide scale. Hundreds of degradation candidates were identified by gel-based and gel-free approaches in S. aureus wild-type cells. “Unemployed” proteins (e.g. ribosomal proteins, biosynthetic enzymes) were degraded and proteins particularly required and synthesized in glucose-starved cells such as TCA cycle enzymes were stable in the stationary phase. Investigation of the clpP mutant strain supports a proposed model for the pleiotropic phenotype and provides a deeper insight in the fine-tuned protein quality control and the important role of ClpP during starving conditions.Die Proteolyse stellt die letzte Stufe im Leben eines Proteins dar. Sie ist ein wichtiger zellulärerer Prozeß und sorgt im Zusammenspiel mit dem Chaperon-System für eine Proteinhomöostase. Die Degradation von Proteinen ist essentiell für den Abbau von zytotoxischen Proteinaggregaten sowie von falsch synthetisierten bzw. falsch gefalteten Proteinen und für den schnellen Abbau von „arbeitlosen“ sowie regulatorischen Proteinen, um vor allem eine schnelle Anpassung an sich verändernde Umweltbedingungen zu gewährleisten (Gottesman, 2003; Wiegert & Schumann, 2001; Parker, 1981; Stansfield et al., 1998; Drummond & Wilke, 2008; Goldberg, 1972; Gerth et al., 2008). Der bakterielle Clp-Protease-Komplex (caseinolytische Protease ) ist strukturell analog zum eukaryontischen 26S Proteasom und besteht aus HSP100/Clp Proteinen der AAA+ - Familie und einer interagierenden tonnenförmigen proteolytischen Kammer (z.B. ClpP). Die Clp Proteasen scheinen für den globalen Proteinabbau in Gram-positiven Bakterien mit niedrigem GC-Gehalt verantwortlich zu sein. Das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit war es neue Methoden zur Untersuchung der globalen Proteolyse zu entwickeln, um ein besseres Verständnis zum Proteinabbau in hungernden Staphylococcus aureus und Bacillus subtilis Zellen zu bekommen. Dafür wurde das gut etablierte Glucose-Hunger-Modell verwendet. In Bacillus subtilis konnte gezeigt werden, dass etwa 200 Proteine in Glucose-hungernden, stationären Zellen selektiv abgebaut werden. Radioaktive pulse-chase Experimente gefolgt von einer 2D-Gelelektrophorese ergaben, dass vor allem der ClpCP-Protease-Komplex für diesen Abbau zuständig ist. Um den Proteinabbau beim humanpathogenen Erreger Staphylococcus aureus in gleicher Weise zu untersuchen, wurde ein chemisch definiertes Medium etabliert, das für pulse-chase Experimente geeignet ist und eine stabile, durch Glucose-Hunger induzierte, stationäre Phase gewährleistet. Dabei konnte u.a. festgestellt werden, dass die Proteinabbaukinetiken der einzelnen 2D-Gel-Proteinspots quantitativ und signifikant besser werden durch die Verwendung von radioaktiven 14C-Rinderserumalbumins als internes Markerprotein zur Proben-Normalisierung. Überraschend war, dass es eine große Überlappung in den funktionalen Proteinklassen hinsichtlich des Proteinabbaus in B. subtilis und S. aureus gab, wenngleich nicht immer die gleichen und manchmal andere Enzyme abgebaut wurden. Unter anderem wurden vor allem Proteine die an der Aminosäure, Nukleotid- und Zellwand- Biosynthese beteiligt sind zügig unter Nichtwachs-tumsbedingungen in der stationären Phase abgebaut. Trotz der hohen Proteinspot-Auflösung bei der 2D-Gelelektrophorese besitzt diese Technik auch einige Nachteile, wie ein durch Molekular-gewicht und isoelektrischen Punkt begrenztes „Proteome-Fenster“ und eine eher geringe Re-produzierbarkeit. Aus diesen Gründen wurde ein Massenspektrometrie orientierter Ansatz ent-wickelt, der die simultane Untersuchung von Proteinsynthese, Proteinakkumulation und Protein-abbau möglich macht. Der sogenannte pulse-chase SILAC Ansatz ermöglicht es, ein sehr breites Proteinspektrum mit hoher Reproduzierbarkeit zu untersuchen. Durch Ultrazentrifugation konnten lösliche und unlösliche/aggregierte Proteine analysiert werden. Es wurden mehrere hun-dert Proteinabbaukandidaten in Glucose hungernden S. aureus Zellen identifiziert. Unter ihnen befand sich auch der funktionale Cluster der ribosomalen Proteine, welcher schon in der frühen stationären Phase abgebaut wird. Darüber hinaus wiesen Proteine die im funktionalen Komplex zusammenwirken eine gleiche Proteinabbaukinetik auf (z.B. NrdE, NrdF). Zudem erfolgt die selektive Proteindegradation nach funktionellen Clustern (z.B. ribosomale Proteine, biosynthe-tische Proteine, glykolytische Enzyme) und nicht nach Regulator-zugehörigen Clustern (z.B. CcpA-, SigB-Regulon). Die Untersuchung der clpP Deletionsmutante in S. aureus ergab ein starkes Proteinaggregationspotential speziell in der stationären Phase, wobei die Zellen versuchen durch erhöhte Expression der Chaperone GroEL/ES, ClpB und DnaK diesem Prozess entgegen zu wirken. Da eine Protein-Renaturierung für die Zelle sehr energieaufwendig ist, findet sie nur in energiereichen Phasen des Wachstums statt (z.B. exponentielle bzw. transient Phase). Darüber hinaus konnte eine höhere GTP Konzentration bezogen auf die relative CodY-Proteinmenge in der clpP Mutante gegenüber dem Wildtyp gemessen werden, was zu einer verstärkten Repression des CodY-Regulons in der clpP Mutante führt. Dies erklärt auch das niedrige Niveau von intra-zellulären Aminosäuren in der clpP Mutante. Zudem wurden Substanzen wie Glycerin, das thermodynamisch stabilisierend und unterstützend auf die Protein-Renaturierung wirkt (Maeda et al., 1996; Feng & Yan, 2008), in größeren Konzentrationen in den clpP-Mutanten Zelle gefunden. Desweiteren wurde eine starke zelluläre Antwort auf oxidativen Stress in der clpP Mutante detektiert, die wahrscheinlich durch die in den frühen Phasen der Proteinaggregation auftretenden reaktiven Sauerstoff Spezies induziert wurde. Zusammenfassend ist festzuhalten, dass hunderte Proteinabbaukandidaten durch Gel-basierte und Gel-freie Ansätze in S. aureus identifiziert wurden. Dabei ist auffällig, dass insbesondere „arbeitslose“ Proteine (z.B. ribosomale Proteine, biosynthetische Enzyme) in der stationären Phase abgebaut werden, wobei Enzyme die gebraucht und synthetisiert werden (z.B. TCA Zyklus Enzyme) sich stabil verhalten. Die Ergebnisse aus den Untersuchungen mit der clpP Mutante unterstreichen die wichtige Rolle von ClpP in der Zelle und liefern Hinweise zur Erklärung des pleiotropen Phänotyps der Mutante
Podmiot zanikający – kwestia podmiotowości w psychoanalizie Jacques’a Lacana
No full textDISAPPEARING SUBJECT
– SUBJECTIVITY IN JACQUES LACAN’S PSYCHOANALYSIS
Summary
In the paper, author would like to describe conceptions of the subject in Lacanian
psychoanalysis. It is not only question of existence of unconscious and its
influence on the conscious ego, but also problem of linguistic dimension of the
unconscious. In Lacanian psychoanalysis, unconsious is structured like a language,
nevertheless language/Symbolic is limited. We can’t say everything, there is always
something outside the Symbolic. It is, of course, famous Lacanian Real – core of
our being. Author presents not only Lacan’s view on subject, but also evolution of
this topic and questions concerning subjectivity beyond alienation in Symbolic
The influence of aerobic performance on HRR in road cyclists and footballers
No full textMichalik Kamil, Woźniak Artur, Wierzbicka-Damska Iwona. The influence of aerobic performance on HRR in road cyclists and footballers. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(4):77-89. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.376348
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4313
The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017).
1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7
© The Author (s) 2017;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 12.02.2017. Revised 23.02.2017. Accepted: 10.03.2017.
Wpływ poziomu wydolności aerobowej na tempo restytucji u kolarzy szosowych i piłkarzy nożnych
The influence of aerobic performance on HRR in road cyclists and footballers
Kamil Michalik1, Artur Woźniak2, Iwona Wierzbicka-Damska1
1 - Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Wrocław, Polska
2 – absolwent Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego
Adres:
Katedra Fizjologii i Biochemii
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
Polska
ul. Paderewskiego 35
51-612 Wroclaw
Autor korespondencyjny:
Kamil Michalik
ul. Jaśminowa 11, 49 – 130 Tułowice
[email protected]
693 023 875
Słowa kluczowe:
maksymalny pobór tlenu, restytucja częstości skurczów serca, kolarstwo, piłka nożna
Key words:
maximal oxygen uptake, heart rate recovery (HRR), cycling performance, football
Streszczenie
Wstęp. Przyjmuje się, że skuteczna restytucja częstości skurczów serca związana jest z wyższym poziomem wydolności tlenowej organizmu.
Cel pracy. Celem pracy była analiza zależności występujących między poziomem wybranych wskaźników restytucji częstości skurczów serca (HR - heart rate) w odniesieniu do wydolności tlenowej u kolarzy szosowych i piłkarzy nożnych.
Materiał i metody. W badaniu udział wzięło 30 mężczyzn, trenujących piłkę nożną w polskiej drugiej klasie rozgrywkowej (n=9) oraz kolarzy szosowych, członków profesjonalnych klubów (n=21). Kolarzy podzielono na dwie grupy na podstawie wartości maksymalnego poboru tlenu (VO2max), zmierzonego w teście progresywnym. Test progresywny przeprowadzono na cykloergometrze, a po jego zakończeniu badani przez 5 minut pozostawali w pozycji siedzącej w celu rejestracji restytucji częstości skurczów serca.
Wyniki. W przebiegu fazy szybkiej restytucji najniższe wartości wykazali badani piłkarze. W fazie wolnej nie wystąpiły różnice pomiędzy grupami. Posłużono się również względnymi wartościami w odniesieniu do HRmax i nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic. W żadnej z grup nie stwierdzono istotnej statystycznie korelacji pomiędzy zmiennymi związanymi z restytucją częstości skurczów serca, a poziomem wydolności fizycznej.
Wnioski. Najszybszą restytucję częstości skurczów serca zaobserwowano w grupie badanych piłkarzy. Kolarze szosowi pomimo istotnych różnic w poziomie wydolności fizycznej nie różnią się istotnie względem uzyskanej mocy maksymalnej restytucji częstości skurczów serca.
Abstract
Introduction. Effective heart rate recovery is associated with higher levels of aerobic performance
Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between level of aerobic performance describe of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) value and heart rate recovery (HRR) in road cyclist and footballers.
Materials and methods. The study involved of 30 male trainees football in the Polish second leauge (n = 9) and road cyclists, members of the professional clubs (n = 21). Road cyclist were divided into terms of level VO2max into two groups RC1 (higher value) and RC2 (lower value), based on the incremental exercise test. The test was performed on cycloergometer, and after the completion of the test for 5 minutes stayed seated for recorded of HRR.
Results. The differences were not statistically significant. In the course of fast phase restitution lowest values showed subjects from the group of football players We also used a relative values with respect to the maximum heart rate (HRmax), and no significant differences were found between the groups. In any group there was no statistically significant correlation between the variables related to the HRR and the level of VO2max.
Conclusions. Restitution of the fastest heart rate, also in relation to the HRmax was observed in the group of footballers. Road cyclists despite significant differences in the level of aerobic performance do not differ significantly of HRR
Być w mówieniu i być mówionym – o teorii języka Jacques’a Lacana i jej konsekwencjach dla podmiotowości
No full textIt seems rather obvious that Jacques Lacan’s theory is Freudian psychoanalysis combined with structural linguistics. But it is not so conclusive: in Lacan’s work we can find many elements with different origins to linguistics. Moreover, Lacan’s subversion of structuralist theses makes any unambiguous assignment impossible. In the article, the author describes the evolution of Lacan’s theory of language and its consequences for the issue of subjectivity in psychoanalysis resulting from the use of linguistic tools.It seems rather obvious that Jacques Lacan’s theory is Freudian psychoanalysis combined with structural linguistics. But it is not so conclusive: in Lacan’s work we can find many elements with different origins to linguistics. Moreover, Lacan’s subversion of structuralist theses makes any unambiguous assignment impossible. In the article, the author describes the evolution of Lacan’s theory of language and its consequences for the issue of subjectivity in psychoanalysis resulting from the use of linguistic tools
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