1,721,215 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Der Bruch der Theorie in der Praxis durch Not
Full text linkSome Remarks on Lujo Brentano's View of Labor Market Problems
Lujo Brentano (1844-1931) aimed for "realism" in economics. Regarding labor market theory, two topics are of particular interest: His investigations on "Hours and Wages in Relation to Production" (Scribner's 1894) and his analysis "On the History and Development of Gilds and the Origins of Trade Unions" (Trubner 1870). The topics of are discussed with a view on recent developments in labor economics.Lujo Brentano (1844-1931) hat sich als "realistischen" Ökonomen verstanden. Im Bereich der Arbeitsmarkttheorie sind zwei Bereiche von besonderem Interesse: Seine Untersuchungen über den Zusammenhang zwischen Lohn, Arbeitszeit und Arbeitsleistung und seine Überlegungen zur Bildung von kollektiven Formen der Lohnsetzung. Diese beiden Themen werden unter Einbeziehung gesamtwirtschaftlicher und methodischer Aspekte und einiger moderner Gesichtspunkte diskutiert
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Participation of unemployment benefit recipients in active labor market programs : before and after the German labor market reforms
Full text link"Between 2005 and 2007 the German government raised a per-capita amount of around 10.000 Euros for each transition out of unemployment benefit receipt into basic social care, to be paid by the unemployment insurance. The so called 'Aussteuerungsbetrag' set strong incentives that investments in active labor market programs for unemployment benefit recipients should pay off - in terms of an exit from registered unemployment - before a transition into basic social care for needy jobseekers occurred. This raised considerable public concerns that less programs would be granted, in particular for hard-to-place workers. Our paper analyzes if these concerns were justified. We compare four cohorts, eligible for unemployment benefits at the beginning of their unemployment spell during March of the years 2003 to 2006. We conduct some descriptive analyses and estimate piecewise constant exponential hazard models to investigate the correlation between individual characteristics and transition rates into programs. The results show that transition rates into programs were in fact low across the 2005 cohort, but rather high for the 2006 cohort. The expectation that particular disadvantaged groups of unemployed would participate less in active labor market programs in the postreform period is not confirmed; their transition rates into programs were significantly higher across the 2006 cohort than in pre-reform cohorts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))arbeitsmarktpolitische Maßnahme - Zu- und Abgänge, Hartz-Reform - Erfolgskontrolle, Aussteuerungsbetrag - Auswirkungen, Teilnehmerstruktur, Arbeitslose, schwervermittelbare Arbeitslose
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Arbeitsmarktpolitische Maßnahmen bei privaten Trägern. Vier empirische Evaluationsstudien
Full text linkActive labour market policies are supposed to increase the employment chances of their participants. This thesis focuses on job search assistance, placement services and further vocational training that are provided via quasi-markets. On such a quasi-market the public employment service acts as gatekeeper. It delivers vouchers to unemployed or assigns unemployed to active labour market programmes that have been contracted out. I deal with the effectiveness of such quasi-markets for different groups of unemployment benefit recipients in four empirical analyses with administrative process data of the German Institute for Employment Research. Furthermore, I investigate the influence of programme and contract design. Overall, results imply that quasi-market mechanisms do not increase the effectiveness of active labour market policies under all circumstances. Rather, effectiveness depends on quasi-market design, the concept of the programmes and the participant selection.Arbeitsmarktpolitische Maßnahmen sollen die Beschäftigungschancen ihrer Teilnehmer erhöhen und damit einen Beitrag zur Bekämpfung von Arbeitslosigkeit leisten. Der Fokus dieser Dissertation liegt auf der Evaluation solcher Maßnahmen, die private Träger im Auftrag und finanziert von der öffentlichen Arbeitsverwaltung erbringen. Um die Durchführung solcher Maßnahmen findet Wettbewerb statt, und die öffentliche Arbeitsverwaltung als Geldgeber und als Repräsentant der Arbeitsuchenden fragt entweder indirekt über Gutscheine oder direkt über Ausschreibungen Arbeitsmarktdienstleistungen nach. Dabei agiert die öffentliche Arbeitsverwaltung als Gatekeeper, d.h. als Schlüssel für den Zugang zu Maßnahmen aktiver Arbeitsmarktpolitik.
Die empirischen Analysen beziehen sich auf Arbeitsvermittlung, Bewerbungsunterstützung und auf Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage nach der Wirkung dieser Maßnahmen, die mit Hilfe von administrativen Prozessdaten des Instituts für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung beantwortet wird. Es geht sowohl um die Effektivität dieser Maßnahmen für unterschiedliche Gruppen von Arbeitslosengeld-II-Empfängern als auch um den Einfluss der Maßnahmekonzeption sowie von Vertrags- und Trägerstrukturen auf die ihre Wirksamkeit.
Insgesamt zeigen die Forschungsergebnisse dieser Dissertation, dass die Implementation quasi-marktlicher Mechanismen nicht zwingend effektive Ergebnisse zur Folge hat. Der Erfolg von Arbeitsmarktpolitik hängt vielmehr von der Ausgestaltung des jeweiligen Quasi-Marktes und der Konzeption der Maßnahmen sowie der Teilnehmerselektion ab
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