1,355,160 research outputs found
STARTING UP A NEW B2C BUSINESS
No full textEveryone who wanted to start their own businesses faced with the problem of lack of information on how to start a new business in general, and about the features of doing business in a particular area.
The thesis reveals questions about what steps need to be taken to launch a premium burger restaurant on the Helsinki market, and moreover the research considers the reasonability of its launch.
To find out the state of the market and the industry as a whole, the author conducts two types of research, namely: the researcher conducts two qualitative interviews with the founders of successful premium burger restaurant chains in Helsinki and beyond, and also the writer conducts a quantitative market segmentation survey to define target customers for the new restaurant.
In conclusion, the author of the thesis creates a viable business plan on the basis of conducted researches and knowledge gained during university studies. Currently, the company is on the stage of development and the management team searches for funding to start the restaurant
All primary data for Stepanyan et al (2015) Mol Ecol
No full textZip archive containing all primary data for Stepanyan et al (2015) Mol Ecol. Relates to Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure S1, Figure S2 and Figure S5
Tre epigrafi sepolcrali armeno-latine del XVIII secolo da altrettante chiese di Roma
No full textThis article presents (in chronological order) three Armenian-Latin funerary inscriptions that were composed during the 18th century and have been preserved in three different churches in the heart of Rome. In addition to the transcription and translation of their texts, an attempt is made to discern the reasons why the three individuals named in these inscriptions (two prelates and a layperson) were buried in these places rather than in the church of S. Maria Egiziaca (St. Mary the Egyptian). This church (today’s Temple of Portunus, better known as the Temple of Fortuna Virilis), together with the hospice that once stood alongside, was the centre of the Armenian natio at Rome in that period
IMMUNOREACT 0: Biopsy-based immune biomarkers as predictors of response to neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer—A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground: The main therapy for rectal cancer patients is neoadjuvant therapy (NT) followed by surgery. Immune biomarkers are emerging as potential predictors of the response to NT. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate their predictive significance. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify eligible studies. Studies on patients with rectal cancer undergoing NT in which the predictive significance of at least one of the immunological markers of interest was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in pretreatment biopsies were included. Results: Seventeen studies reporting sufficient data met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. High levels of total CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), as well as stromal and intraepithelial CD8+ compartments, significantly predicted good pathological response to NT. Moreover, high levels of total (tumoral and immune cell expression) PD-L1 resulted associated to a good pathological response. On the contrary, high levels of intraepithelial CD4+ TILs were correlated with poor pathological response. FoxP3+ TILs, tumoral PD-L1 and CTLA-4 were not correlated to the treatment response. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that high-density TILs might be predictive biomarkers of pathological response in patients that underwent NT for rectal cancer
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of different storage conditions of clinical specimens on detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
No full textDie weltweite Zunahme der Tuberkulose, die Gefahr der schnellen Verbreitung
der Erkrankung und die Entstehung multiresistenter Stämme von M. tuberculosis
erfordern eine frühzeitige Diagnose der Erkrankung. Um dies zu gewährleisten,
sollte der Nachweis und die Anzucht von M. tuberculosis aus
Untersuchungsmaterialien möglichst schnell erfolgen. In der vorliegenden
Arbeit wurde untersucht, ob die Lagerung von relevantem Untersuchungsmaterial
mit unterschiedlichen Erregerdichten (105 KBE/ml, 103 KBE/ml und 101 KBE/ml)
über 24, 48 bzw. 72 Stunden bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen (4°C, 20°C bzw.
36°C) einen Einfluss auf den kulturellen und mikroskopischen Nachweis von M.
tuberculosis hat. Dafür wurden drei Untersuchungsmaterialien (BAL-Flüssigkeit,
Magensaft und gepufferter Magensaft) mit 10 verschiedenen M. tuberculosis-
Isolaten versetzt. Alle 2700 Proben wurden entsprechend der Routinediagnostik
zur Tuberkulose dekontaminiert, nach der Ziehl-Neelsen-Methode gefärbt und
mikroskopiert und auf ein flüssiges und zwei feste Nährmedien verimpft. Die
verwendeten Medien waren MGIT-Flüssigkulturen, Löwenstein-Jensen- und
Stonebrink-Agar. Es konnten nach bis zu 3 Tagen Lagerung aus allen Proben
Mykobakterien angezüchtet werden. Die Lagerung führte zwar zu einer
signifikanten Verzögerung des Wachstums, wobei der Nachweis in den MGIT-
Röhrchen früher als auf den festen Nährböden gelang. Die Einflüsse der
unterschiedlichen Lagerungstemperaturen und –zeiten auf den kulturellen
Nachweis waren jedoch nicht signifikant unterschiedlich, sodass sich keine
Empfehlung für eine optimale Lagerungstemperatur unter 36°C ablesen ließ. Die
Mikroskopieergebnisse zeigten ebenfalls keine Einbußen durch die gewählten
Lagerungsbedingungen. Somit können BAL- und Magensaftproben, falls
erforderlich, bedenkenlos bis zu drei Tagen bei der jeweiligen
Umgebungstemperatur gelagert werden, ohne dass sich dieses auf die
anschließende Diagnostik negativ auswirkt.The global increase of tuberculosis, the dangerously fast spread of the
disease and the emergence of multi-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, make
an early diagnosis of the disease imperative. To ensure this happens, there
should be extremely rapid detection and growth of a M. tuberculosis in culture
from clinical specimens obtained. The present study submitted examines whether
storing of the relevant specimen with different pathogenic density (105, 103
and 101) at 4, 20 and 36 degrees Celsius for a period of 24, 48 or 72 hours
affects the microscopic and cultural identification of M. tuberculosis. To
find out, three specimens (bronchoalveolar lavage, gastric juices and buffered
gastric juices) were mixed with 10 different M. tuberculosis isolates. All
2.700 samples were decontaminated by the NALC method according to routine
tuberculosis diagnostics, stained as per the Ziehl-Neelsen method, were
microscopically examined, and inoculated to one liquid and two solid culture
mediums. The media employed were liquid MGIT tube, Löwenstein-Jensen medium
and Stonebrink medium. After storage of up to three days, mycobacteria could
be grown from all the samples. Storage did lead to a significant slowing of
growth. For MGIT tubes the growth could be established earlier than for solid
culture media. However, the influences of different storage temperatures and
periods on the growth of M. tuberculosis in culture showed no significant
differences, which is why no recommendation could be derived for an optimum
storage temperature of below 36 degrees Celsius. Microscopy results also
failed to exhibit adverse effects of different storage conditions. Samples of
BAL and gastric juices can therefore be kept up to three days in a given
ambient temperature without adverse effects on a subsequent diagnosis
Preference Ambiguity Averse Decision Making Using Robust Optimization and Sensitivity Analysis
No full textIn this work, we study decision making with personalized stochastic optimization models. The methods, we propose, develop custom-tailored stochastic optimization models for a specific decision maker, while preserving the robustness of an optimal decision as expressions of the decision maker’s attitude towards ambiguity. We present an optimization model using a novel robust preference relationship — reference-based almost stochastic dominance (RSD). We use decision maker’s utility function as a reference to individualize constraints of stochastic dominance. The concept of RSD addresses the two problems in utility-based decision making: (i) ambiguity and inaccuracy in characterizing the decision maker’s individual risk attitude, (ii) over-conservativeness of stochastic dominance representing general properties of risk aversion. The RSD rule reveals the maximum dominance level quantifying the robustness of the decision maker’s preference between alternative choices. We develop an approximation model using Bernstein polynomials, show the asymptotic convergence of its optimal value and set of optimal solutions to the true counterparts as the degree of Bernstein polynomials increases, and analyze the convergence rate of its feasible region. We next develop a cut-generation algorithm to solve the approximation model. Finally, we further adapt this cut-generation algorithm to seek a valid option most robustly preferable to a random benchmark. The effectiveness and computational complexity of the model are illustrated using a portfolio optimization problem. We study the sensitivity of the personalized stochastic optimization models with regards to risk entangled with the decision maker’s ambiguous preference itself. We present a bi-objective stochastic optimization model —expected utility and sensitivity-averse maximization (ESM), incorporating classical risk-aversion and sensitivity analysis with regards to decision maker’s preference. Unlike classical sensitivity analysis approaches which are post-analyses after optimization, ESM incorporates sensitivity analysis in the optimization procedure in terms of the second objective function. It thus allows to produce solutions which are both risk-averse in the classical sense and sensitivity-averse with regards to ambiguity in the decision maker’s preference. ESM adapts the sensitivity measure (SMU) from the general Bayesian sensitivity analysis to build connection between classical expected utility maximization and the sensitivity aversion. We develop two solution methods of ESM. A mixed-integer reformulation is given for a preference maximizer decision maker, while a linear programming reformulation for a risk-averse decision maker. The effect of ESM is illustrated using a homeland security budget allocation problem.PhDIndustrial and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering & Computer ScienceUniversity of Michigan-Dearbornhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/168149/1/Gevorg Stepanyan Final Dissertation.pdfDescription of Gevorg Stepanyan Final Dissertation.pdf : Dissertatio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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