187,040 research outputs found
Como Relacionar Ciência e Religião : Um Modelo Multidimensional
No full textMikael stenmark defende que devemos entender a relação ciência-religião de modo plural, amplo e sob várias dimensões. A discussão, para ele, é complexa e, se simplificada, perde muitos aspectos importantes tanto da ciência quanto da religião. Ao final da leitura da obra, o leitor se deparará com um modelo amplo e detalhado de relacionar ciência e religião, um modelo que não fica restrito apenas a discussões superficiais ou a uma ou outra teoria científica e teológica, pois segundo o autor, dizerque uma teoria científica nega uma ideia religiosa não é o mesmo que dizer que ela nega toda a religião, uma ideia que muitas vezes é esquecida em nossos debates na vida cotidiana, bem como na academia. O livro de stenmark é indispensável para quempretende entender a relação ciência-religião de maneira abrangente e profunda e deveria ser lido atentamente por filósofos, teólogos, cientistas e pessoas interessadas em discutir seriamente tal relação.Mikael Stenmark deve ser parabenizado por ter escrito um dos mais perspicazes ensaios, até o momento, sobre como a relação entre ciência e religião deveria ser mapeada e entendida. Insistindo na necessidade de examinar práticas e objetivos sociais de cada uma delas, suas respectivas epistemologias e metodologias, bem como seus conteúdos teoréticos, ele desenvolve uma desafiadora nova tipologia que é afiada, sutil e sofisticada. Como relacionar ciência e religião, de mikael stenmark, é indispensável para estudiosos sérios da área.</p
Relativism as a Challenge to Religion : Christianity, Truth and the "Dictatorship of Relativism"
No full textWhy is relativism perceived to be a danger to Christianity and even to the whole Western world? What is it that the former pope, Benedict XVI (Joseph Ratzinger), in particular, thinks is so deeply problematic about relativism? In this chapter Stenmark offers reasons why Benedict might be correct in thinking that a new epistemology is emerging and shaping people’s worldviews in the West. But secondly, he argues that this shift in epistemology, which is often called “relativism,” is not a unified phenomenon and it is not necessarily applied in the same way to all areas of human life. It is rather cluster of related epistemic attitudes, but their implications for what we should think about truth and knowledge are not the same. Thirdly, Stenmark assesses the claims made by Benedict, showing in what way it is and is not reasonable to maintain that relativism is a new and different challenge to Christianity than those it has encounter before.</p
sj-docx-1-jre-10.1177_15562646211007216 - Supplemental material for A Little Goes a Long Way: Adapting an Ethics Training Program to Work for Smaller Universities
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jre-10.1177_15562646211007216 for A Little Goes a Long Way: Adapting an Ethics Training Program to Work for Smaller Universities by Cheryl K. Stenmark and Robert Miller in Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics</p
Crystal structure of human cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II: Insights into allosteric regulation and substrate recognition.
No full textCytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II catalyzes the dephosphorylation of 6-hydroxypurine nucleoside 5'-monophosphates and regulates the IMP and GMP pools within the cell. It possesses phosphotransferase activity and thereby also catalyzes the reverse reaction. Both reactions are allosterically activated by adenine-based nucleotides and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. We have solved structures of cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II as native protein (2.2 Angstrom) and in complex with adenosine (1.5 Angstrom) and beryllium trifluoride (2.15 Angstrom) The tetrameric enzyme is structurally similar to enzymes of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily, including mitochondrial 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase and cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase III but possesses additional regulatory regions that contain two allosteric effector sites. At effector site 1 located near a subunit interface we modeled diadenosine tetraphosphate with one adenosine moiety in each subunit. This efficiently glues the tetramer subunits together in pairs. The model shows why diadenosine tetraphosphate but not diadenosine triphosphate activates the enzyme and supports a role for cN-II during apoptosis when the level of diadenosine tetraphosphate increases. We have also modeled 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate in effector site 1 using one phosphate site from each subunit. By comparing the structure of cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II with that of mitochondrial 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase in complex with dGMP, we identified residues involved in substrate recognition
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pilot study of losartan for pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
No full textBACKGROUND: Morbidity in COPD results from a combination of factors including hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, in part due to pulmonary vascular remodelling. Animal studies suggest a role of angiotensin II and acute studies in man concur. Whether chronic angiotensin-II blockade is beneficial is unknown. We studied the effects of an angiotensin-II antagonist losartan, on haemodynamic variables, exercise capacity and symptoms. METHODS: This was a double-blind, randomized, parallel group, placebo- controlled study of 48 weeks duration. Forty patients with COPD and pulmonary hypertension (Tran tricuspid pressure gradient (TTPG) = 30 mmHg) were randomised to losartan 50 mg or placebo. Changes in TTPG were assessed at 3, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: There was a trend for TTPG to increase in the placebo group (baseline 43.4 versus 48.4 mmHg at endpoint) and stay constant in the losartan group (baseline 42.8 versus 43.6 mmHg). More patients in the losartan group (50%) than in the placebo group (22%) showed a clinically meaningful reduction in TTPG at any timepoint; these effects seemed more marked in patients with higher baseline TTPG. There were no clear improvements in exercise capacity or symptoms. CONCLUSION: In this 12-month pilot study, losartan 50 mg had no statistically significant beneficial effect on TTPG, exercise capacity or symptoms in pulmonary hypertension secondary to obstructive disease. A sub-group of patients with higher TTPG may benefit
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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