1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Congenital tremor and splay leg in Swedish piglets : a study of the viral causes and routes of transmission
Get PDFCongenital tremor (CT) and splay leg (SL) are diseases regularly seen in new-born piglets in Sweden. They are diagnosed based on the clinical picture, which in CT are tremor and sometimes ataxia, and in SL, a lack of adduction of the hind legs. The cause of the clinical signs is unknown, but impaired nerve function due to myelin damage is a theory. However, the syndromes are transient, and piglets that can nurse often recover within some months. For decades, there has been speculation about the causes of these diseases. Infection in utero with certain viruses, hereditary factors, and drug treatment of pregnant sows may induce the syndromes in the offspring. In Sweden, one type of CT has been described: CT type A-II, a variant that for a long time was suspected to be caused by an unknown virus. Then, in 2015, a new virus named atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) was discovered, and in 2016, APPV was associated with CT type A-II. There were also indications of an association between APPV and SL. This thesis aimed to investigate viral causes of CT type A-II and SL in Swedish piglets. APPV was detected in brain tissue from piglets with signs of CT type A-II, both in new and historical material. The virus could also be detected in commercial boar semen from a Swedish boar stud and in serum samples from Swedish wild boars. However, the virus was not found in piglets with splay leg or in healthy piglets, and high-throughput sequencing of the material did not reveal any other relevant viruses. Consequently, it seems unlikely that APPV, or any other virus, would be the primary cause of SL in Sweden
En serologisk screening för Schmallenbergvirus hos får, get och nötboskap I Zambeziaprovinsen, Moçambique
Get PDFAs the world´s population increases and people's living conditions are improving, larger areas are needed for houses as well as food production. This means that
new areas are exploited and that people, livestock, blood sucking insects and wild animals are forced to live close together. In combination with the global warming,
leading to extreme weather such as floods and storms, this allows both new and old pathogens to emerge. The number of "emerging infectious diseases", EIDs, has increased in recent years and many of them have their origin in poor, tropical countries. Moçambique is therefore considered to be a high risk area for EIDs.
Schmallenberg virus, SBV, was discovered in 2011 as an "emerging infectious disease" in dairy cows in Germany. The virus causes fever, diarrhea and reduced milk production in dairy cows as well as abortions and malformations in newborn
calves. From these cows could SBV be detected using metagenomic technique.
When the virus was identified in cows it soon was found in other ruminants, both wild and domestic. Hence it is mainly in cattle, sheep and goat the virus has led to
problems and financial losses.
Phyelogenetic studies showed that Schmallenberg virus is an Orthobunyavirus from the Simbu-serogroup. The virus is transmitted by biting midges, Culicoides spp, and thru its vector it has spread to large parts of Europe. The study done in Moçambique includes two parts, a serological screening for Schmallenberg virus in cattle, goats and sheep and a metagenomic study on viruses in mosquitoes in the Zambezia province. The samples were prepared and
analyzed at the lab at the University of Eduardo Mondlane (UEM), Maputo, Moçambique. The metagenomic study will be completed in Sweden at the State University of Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala.
When screening for Schmallenberg virus an ELISA kit "ID screen Schmallenberg virus Competition Multi-species" was used. In the study a majority of the tested animals were positive. Most animals were also positive when the serum was
diluted 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8. The largest numbers of positive animals were found among the cattle where 100% tested positive. Among the sheep the average prevalence was 63% and among the goats 84%.
This is the first study on Schmallenberg virus made outside Europe. In Europe, no viruses cross-reacting with SBV are known and therefore this is not investigated. However, on the African continent, there are a large number of viruses that Schmallenberg virus potentially could cross-react with. Therefore, to confirm the positive- ELISA result further studies need to be done, isolating Schmallenberg
virus.I och med att jordens befolkning ökar och människors levnadsvillkor förbättras krävs större ytor för så väl bostäder som livsmedelsproduktion. Detta gör att nya
områden exploateras och att människor, boskap, blodsugande insekter och vilda djur kommer att leva närmare allt varandra. I kombination med den globala uppvärmningen med mer extremväder, så som översvämningar och stormar, gör det
att både nya och gamla patogener kan få stor spridning. Antalet ”emerging infectious diseases”, EIDs, har ökat de senaste åren och många av dem har sitt ursprung i fattiga, tropiska länder. Därför anses Moçambique vara ett
högriskområde för EIDs.
Schmallenbergvirus, SBV, upptäcktes 2011 som en ”emerging infectious disease” hos i mjölkkor Tyskland. Viruset gav upphov till en sjukdom med feber, diarré och sänkt mjölkproduktion hos mjölkkor. Från dessa kor kunde SBV detekterads med hjälp av metagenomisk teknik. En liten tid senare upptäcktes att viruset inte bara gav upphov till sjukdom hos vuxna djur utan även ledde till både aborter och
missbildningar hos nyfödda kalvar. När viruset väl identifierats hos kor hittades det snart hos andra idisslare, både vilda och tama. Men det är framför allt hos
produktionsdjur som kor, får och getter som sjukdomen lett till problem och ekonomiska förluster.
Fyelogenetiska studier visade att Schmallenbergvirus är ett orthobunyavirus tillhörande simbuserogruppen. Viruset sprids med svidknott, Culicoides spp., och har med vektorns hjälp spridit sig till stora delar av Europa. Studien som gjordes i Moçambique inkluderar två delar, en serologisk screening för Schmallenbergvirus hos nötkreatur, get och får samt en metagenomisk studie på virus i myggor i Zambeziaprovinsen. Proverna preparerades och analyserades på
labbet vid Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Moçambique. Den metagenomiska studien kommer att slutföras i Sverige på Statens lantbruksuniversitet i Uppsala.
Vi serologisk undersökning med ELISA-kitet ”ID screen Schmallenberg virus Competition Multi-species” hade majoriteten av djuren SBV-neutraliserande antikroppar. De flesta djur var även positiva när serumet späddes 1:2, 1:4 och 1:8.
Störst antal positiva djur fanns bland nötkreaturen där 100% testades positivt. Bland fåren var den genomsnittliga prevalensen 63% och bland getterna 84%. Detta är den första studie på Schmallenbergvirus som gjorts utanför Europa. I
Europa finns inga andra virus tillhörande simbuserogruppen varför inga korsreagenstester är gjorda. På den Afrikanska kontinenten finns dock ett stort antal virus som Schmallenbergvirs kanske skulle kunna korsreagera med. För att fastställa ELISA-resultaten bör vidare studier göras där Schmallenbergvirs kan detekteras samt korsreagensstudier göras
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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