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Påverkan av mykorrhizasvampar på koncentration av smakämnen hos olika växter
Full text linkEn litteratursökning visar att det finns en ganska bred litteratur angående påverkan av diverse mykorrhizasvampar på koncentrationen eller kompositionen av en eller flera smakämnen som produceras i en växt. Litteraturen redovisar för 26 olika växtarter och mer än 20 olika arter av mykorrhizasvamp. Litteraturen kan delas upp i de studier som analyserade påverkan på växtens eteriska olja eller diverse övriga smakämnen. Flera växter och svampar ingår i fler än en studie, och reproducerbarheten är högre hos vissa arter. Litteraturen täcker diverse abiotiska faktorer och metoder av inokulering. Majoriteten av studier visar ändringar i växtens koncentration av smakämnen, med generella ökningar av koncentration av smakämnen eller ändringar i komposition, dvs ändringar i koncentrationen av många olika smakämnen. Dessutom fanns det även betydande påverkan av mykorrhizasvamp på växternas tillväxt, avkastning och fruktkvalitet, tack vare ökat näringsupptag via rötterna. Litteraturen visar överlag att mykorrhizasvampar har en betydlig påverkan på koncentration av smakämnen hos växter. Dessa resultat kan motivera tillämpning i kommersiell odling, främst för att öka avkastningen av ett särskilt smakämne eller potentiellt påverka växtens smak. Inokulering av växter med mykorrhizasvamp brister dock på saknad av brett kommersiellt tillgängliga och verksamma mykorrhizainducerande produkter, då denna forskning främst sker i ytterst kontrollerade laborationssammanhang, vilket inte representerar hur mykorrhizasvampar skulle utnyttjas i kommersiellt syfte.A literature search on the subject shows that there is a rather wide literature regarding the effect of various mycorrhizal fungi on the concentration of one or multiple flavour compounds. The literature includes 26 different plant species and more than 20 different fungi species. The literature can be divided into the studies that analysed effects on the plants essential oil or miscellaneous flavour compounds. Some plants and fungi species are included in more than one study, and the replicability is higher for some species than others. The literature covers various substrates, abiotic factors and methods of inoculation. Most studies show a change in the concentration of flavour compounds in the plant, sometimes with a general increase of one or more flavour compounds and sometimes with a change in composition (increase in one compound but a decrease in another). Additionally, mycorrhizal fungi had a noteworthy effect on plant growth, yield, and fruit quality, thanks to increased nutrient uptake via the roots. The literature generally shows that inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi has an effect of flavour compound concentration in plants. These results could be used to motivate applications of mycorrhizal fungi in commercial production, either to increase the yield of a certain flavour compound or to potentially affect the flavour of a plant. Inoculation of plants with beneficial fungi is however lacking in broadly available commercial access and working mycorrhizal inducing products, as this research was primarily performed in controlled laboratory environments, which does not represent how beneficial fungi would be used in a commercial context
Kommunikation : en nyckel till stabil grönyteskötsel
Full text linkFör långsiktigt hållbara grönytor krävs vanligtvis kontinuerlig förvaltning och skötsel för att säkerställa att platserna bibehåller sin funktion över tid. Begreppen "place-making" och "place-keeping" används för att beskriva dessa processer. Det väsentliga för att upprätthålla grönytans ursprungliga syfte är tydlig kommunikation mellan projektörer och driftentreprenörer, då en bristfällig sådan kan leda till otydligheter kring mål och skötselideal. Studien syftar till att undersöka hur mål och visioner för grönytor kommuniceras från projekteringsstadiet till driftstadiet, samt identifiera risker med bristande kommunikation.
Två fallstudier analyserades: Kungshögsskolan i Oxie och Gamla torg i Falsterbo, färdigställda 2023. Platsbesök och intervjuer genomfördes för att belysa processerna vid gestaltning och förvaltning. Utmaningar med kommunikation lyfts fram, där samverkan mellan gestaltare, förvaltare och drift är avgörande för att uppnå långsiktiga mål.
Metoder inkluderade litteraturstudie, platsbesök och intervjuer. Studien identifierar vikten av tydliga mål och visioner samt en fungerande kommunikation i förvaltningskedjan för att grönytor ska utvecklas enligt de ursprungliga intentionerna. Resultatet visar på att det kan finnas ett glapp mellan gestaltning, förvaltning och drift, där de mål som formuleras i ett tidigt skede inte förmedlas vidare eller följs upp. Genom att involvera förvaltare redan i projekteringsstadiet skulle en bro kunna skapas mellan projektering och drift och möjliggöra en gemensam förståelse för platsens utveckling. Studien öppnar för vidare forskning och diskussion om hur bättre kommunikation och planering kan bidra till att säkerställa kvaliteten i utveckling och skötsel av långsiktigt hållbara grönytor.For long-term sustainable green spaces, continuous management and maintenance are usually required to ensure that areas maintain their function over time. The concepts of "place-making" and "place-keeping" are used to describe these processes. Challenges such as poor communication between designers and maintenance contractors could lead to divergence in maintenance standards. The study aims to examine how goals and visions for green spaces are communicated from the design stage to the maintenance stage, as well as to identify risks associated with poor communication.
Two case studies were analyzed: Kungshögsskolan in Oxie and Gamla Torg in Falsterbo, completed in 2023. Site visits and interviews were conducted to highlight the processes of design and management. Communication challenges are emphasized, where collaboration between designers, managers, and maintenance teams is crucial to achieving long-term goals
Bringing green valleys to aquaculture
Full text linkAquaculture is quickly expanding to meet global protein demand and has untapped potential to
provide food security for a growing human population. However, the most common protein sources
used to produce feed for farmed fish, fish meal and soybean concentrate, are associated with grave
environmental consequences. Thus, sustainable expansion of the fed aquaculture sector relies on
discovering novel protein sources. This study explores if white protein (WP) concentrate extracted
from alfalfa (Medicago sativa) through green biorefinery may be a promising alternative. A 47-day
feed trial was conducted on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to assess the effect on physical
pellet quality, growth performance and fish health. Four experimental diets were produced: one fish
meal-based control diet (CTRL) and three diets replacing fishmeal with WP at 5%, 10% and 20%
of total feed composition content (WP5, WP10 and WP20). The WP20 diet was pre-extruded.
The physical pellet quality indicators tested were water stability, bulk density, expansion ratio and
pellet hardness. The WP20 diet had significantly higher water stability than all other diets in nearly
every period tested (30, 90 and 180 minutes), followed by CTRL, WP5 and WP10. As there is no
clear correlation between increased WP inclusion and increased water stability, the pre-extrusion of
the WP20 diet has likely improved its water stability properties. There were no significant
differences between diets in either bulk density or expansion ratios. However, the expansion ratios
gradually reduced with higher inclusion of WP, indicating pellets were more compact when
containing WP. Pellet hardness was also reduced as WP levels increased, meaning that pellets
containing WP were softer. The effect of pre-extrusion on physical pellet quality should be
investigated further.
No significant differences were identified between fish fed with the CTRL, WP5 and WP10 diets in
any of the fish growth performance indicators tested. However, gradual decreases in almost all
parameters tested were observed with increasing inclusion of WP. The WP20 diet had significantly
lower Fulton’s condition factor, weight gain, feed intake and SGR, and the highest FCR.
Furthermore, a gradual increase of WP in the feed formulations generated decreasing ADCs of dry
matter and crude protein. Future studies should further investigate the impact of WP on fish health
parameters. Yet, these results indicate that WP could be considered for inclusion in fish feed for
rainbow trout at 5% and 10%. Longer study durations with rainbow trout at varying life stages
should be performed to confirm these results
Patologiska fynd och förekomst av Salmonella spp. hos vilda brunråttor i miljöer nära människor och djur
Full text linkRåttor har potential att bära på zoonotiska patogener och genom deras förmåga att ta sig in i olika
utrymmen och gnaga på material, finns en potentiell risk att de kan sprida smitta till både människor och djur. Smittläget bland svenska vilda brunråttor har i stort sett varit okänt fram till nu, då
råttor sällan skickas in som fallvilt till Statens veterinärmedicinska anstalt (SVA) som övervakar
viltsjukdomar. Av den anledningen startades projektet Råttor som smittbärare i samarbete med
SVA, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Uppsala universitet och Anticimex. Inom projektet har vilda
svenska brunråttor provtagits för många olika zoonotiska agens. Detta arbete är en del i projektet
och syftar till att undersöka vilka patologiska förändringar som kan ses hos råttor i Sverige, genom
att sammanställa de makroskopiska och mikroskopiska fynd som gjorts i samband med obduktioner av de insamlade råttorna. Arbetet syftar även till att ta reda på prevalensen av Salmonella
spp. hos dessa råttor genom att redovisa resultatet från salmonella-screeningen.
Totalt samlades 249 råttor in från Anticimex ordinarie skadedjursbekämpning i Uppsala- och
Malmöområdet. Hos 71 råttor hittades makroskopiska avvikelser och 65 av dessa råttor undersöktes histologiskt. Hos 14 av dessa råttor kunde histopatologiska förändringar påvisas, varav fem
bedömdes vara måttliga till kraftiga. Det mest signifikanta patologiska fyndet som sågs vid
obduktionerna var en råtta med pneumoni, orsakad av Corynebacterium kutscheri. 41 råttor från
Uppsalaområdet, utan makroskopiska avvikelser, screenades histologiskt med avseende på lever,
lunga, mjälte och njure. Hos tre av dessa fanns lesioner som föranledde vidare bakteriologisk
undersökning. Dock kunde ingen specifik infektion påvisas i något av fallen. I övrigt sågs generellt få och lindriga förändringar. Endast en råtta var positiv för salmonella (S. Bareilly). Denna
vara infångad i stadsmiljö i Uppsala och hade vid obduktionen något lös avföring och epistaxis,
men inga övriga patologiska förändringar.
De infångade råttorna var mindre än förväntat och en stor andel var icke-könsmogna. Detta beror
troligtvis på skillnader i fångstbenägenhet hos olika åldersgrupper snarare än att helt spegla den
verkliga populationen. Tidigare studier har visat att större, och därmed ofta äldre råttor har större
sannolikhet att påvisas med patologiska förändringar, troligen på grund av att de samlar på sig fler
skador, infektioner och andra förändringar med åldern. Den stora andelen unga råttor kan ha lett
till en viss underrepresentation av sjukdomsprevalens jämfört med verkligheten. Oavsett kan det
konstateras att råttorna i denna studie var relativt friska med få patologiska fynd. Resultat från
övriga pågående analyser för zoonotiska agens inom projektet Råttor som smittbärare kvarstår att
utvärderas.Rats have been shown to carry zoonotic pathogens and may pose a risk for transmission of
diseases to humans and other animals. The health status of Swedish wild rats has until recently
been unknown, since rats are rarely included in the disease surveillance done by the Swedish
Veterinary Agency (SVA). Because of this, a new project called Rats as carriers of diseases was
formed by SVA in collaboration with the Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala
University and Anticimex. The present study is a part of this project and aims to compile and
describe the types of pathological findings, both macroscopical and histological, found during
necropsies of collected rats. It also aims to examine the prevalence of salmonella found in these
rats.
A total of 249 rats were collected by Anticimex in Uppsala and Malmö and transported to SVA for
post mortem examination. 71 rats were initially found to have macroscopical findings and 65 of
them were examined histologically. Microscopical findings were seen in 14 of these rats, of which
only five were considered moderate to severe. The most significant pathological finding was a rat
with pneumonia caused by Corynebacterium kutscheri. 41 rats without any macroscopical findings
were screened regarding histological changes in lungs, liver, kidneys and spleen. Mild to moderate
pathological findings were seen in three of these rats which prompted bacteriological analysis. No
specific infection was demonstrated in neither these cases. Samples from all 249 rats were cultured
for Salmonella, which yielded only one positive rat (serotype S. Bareilly).
Overall, the rats collected in this project were small and a majority were sexually immature. This
is probably due to differences in trappability between young and adult rats rather than an actual
representation of the population as a whole. Prior studies have shown that larger rats (i.e. older
rats) are more likely to have pathological findings. This could mean that there is an underrepresentation of this group in our study. However, further evaluation of ongoing analysis within the
project regarding other zoonotic agents, are pending
Estimation of Ley Quality with the Arable Mark 3
Full text linkLey is the most widespread crop in Sweden and is the base of ruminant diets. Improving ley quality
is necessary for increasing the proportion of forage in ruminant diets, offering both environmental
and economic benefits. Harvest timing is critical to achieving the desired ley quality, but a decision
support system for optimizing all harvests is currently lacking. Remote sensing is a promising tool,
and the Arable Mark 3 (AM3), a low-cost commercial field weather station including a spectrometer
with 21 bands, has the potential to estimate ley quality directly in-field. The purpose of this study
was to evaluate the potential of AM3 as a decision support tool to assist farmers in determining the
optimal time for harvesting ley. The AM3 was evaluated using two devices: one stationary, which
collected weather and plant data throughout the season, and one mobile unit, which served as the
primary data collector for analysis. The stationary AM3 demonstrated the versatility of the AM3 as
weather station. The mobile AM3 measured spectral reflectance from the ley, followed by cutting
the ley for laboratory analysis of nutritive values. A total of 43 ley samples were analysed across
two regions in Sweden during the 2024 growing season. Multivariable regression models, including
multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares (PLS and caretPLS), and support vector
machine (SVM), were applied to find relationships between spectral data and laboratory analyses of
crude protein (CP), metabolizable energy (ME), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), organic matter
digestibility (OMD), and dry matter (DM). PLS, caretPLS and SVM used internal tenfold crossvalidation
to prevent overfitting. MLR lacked regulations, likely resulting in overfitting. Using data
from narrow bands alone gave the lowest R2 (0.59-0.71), while combining narrow and wide bands
increased R2 (0.59-0.87), mainly for CP and NDF. The results showed that PLS performed best for
CP and NDF. caretPLS and SVM performed for ME, OMD, and DM, with narrow bands alone and
narrow and wide bands together. Adding additional spectral data from the AM3 such as normalized
difference vegetation index and chlorophyll index as auxiliary predictors improved R2 (0.75-0.82)
for ME, OMD and DM, with risk of overfitting. The study highlights the potential of the AM3 as a
practical decision support tool for timing all ley harvests but much larger diverse datasets are
necessary to build reliable predictive models. Involving farmers in decision support system
development will ensure applicability of the AM3
Anestesi och analgesi för kejsarsnitt på tik
Full text linkVid kejsarsnitt kompliceras valet av anestesi och analgesi av att man måste anpassa sig till en dräktig
och sedan lakterande patient samt även ta hänsyn till valparnas behov. Det finns trots detta ingen
tydlig rekommendation för hur ett anestesiprotokoll bör se ut vid kejsarsnitt, och val av läkemedel
kan skilja sig från fall till fall. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka komplikationer
relaterade till anestesi och analgesi som kan ses vid kejsarsnitt på tik, samt om det finns något
samband mellan specifika komplikationer och använt anestesiprotokoll. Journaler för alla tikar som
fått diagnosen dystoki under tidsperioden januari år 2021 till mars år 2024 inhämtades från
Universitetsdjursjukhuset, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet. Detta motsvarade 167 journaler. Därefter
uteslöts alla patienter som enligt journalanteckningar och/eller anestesijournal inte kejsarsnittades,
samt patienter som saknade ett inscannat anestesiprotokoll, vilket innebar att 80 journaler kvarstod.
I de kvarvarande noterades val av premedicinering, lokalbedövning, intraoperativ smärtlindring och
postoperativ smärtlindring för att sedan kunna utvärdera om förekomst av specifika komplikationer
såsom ökad valpdödlighet eller tecken på nociception hos tiken under anestesin kunde kopplas till
ett specifikt anestesiprotokoll.
Det framkom i denna studie att förekomst av tecken på nociception hos tiken var vanligare när
hon fått en dos med enbart buprenorfin när valparna tagits ut jämfört med om hon fått enbart metadon, metadon och fentanyl eller buprenorfin och fentanyl. Studien kunde inte utvärdera effekten av
NSAID post-operativt då det saknades uppföljning efter det att tiken lämnat Universitetsdjursjukhuset postoperativt. Dock återkom ingen valp från en tik som fått NSAID utskrivet till
Universitetsdjursjukhuset. Studien fann vidare att premedicinering av tiken med fentanyl eller
metedomidin inte påverkade valpdödligheten negativt och ingen påverkan på tikens smärtuttryck
observerandes. Detta kan eventuellt bero på att det i denna studie endast utvärderades anestesiprotokoll där tikens smärtrespons i form av nociception inte dokumenterats i detalj. Det finns idag
ytterst få studier som utvärderar hur stor inverkan en dos fentanyl given direkt innan ett kejsarsnitt
har på tikens smärtuttryck.
Sammanfattningsvis kan det inte dras några tydliga slutsatser av resultaten av denna studie om
hur tiken visar tecken på smärta eller hur valparnas allmäntillstånd direkt efter födseln påverkas av
valet av anestesiprotokoll. För att bättre förstå hur exempelvis premedicinering med fentanyl
påverkar dessa parametrar krävs vidare studier som närmare följer både tik och valpar, förslagsvis
genom en tydligt dokumenterad APGAR-bedömning av alla valpar efter födseln och en detaljerad
smärtbedömningsskala för tiken.With a cesarean section the choices of anesthesia and analgesia are complicated by the need to adjust
to a pregnant patient, as well as the puppies needs. In spite of this, no clear recommendations
concerning the choice of anesthetic drugs have been established, and the anesthetic protocol may be
very different on a case-by-case basis. The purpose of this study was to explore which anesthesiaand analgesia-related complications could be seen during a cesarean section, and if specific
complications could be correlated to certain anesthetic protocols. Journals (i.e. data records) for all
bitches diagnosed with dystocia during the time period of januari of year 2021 to march of year 2024
were collected from the University Animal Hospital at the Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences, Uppsala. Initially, 167 journals were collected. Patients that according to either journal
notes or the anesthetic protocol did not undergo a cesarean section or that lacked a scanned copy of
the anesthetic protocol were excluded, leaving a total of 80 journals. The remaining journals were
examined and choice of premedication, local anesthesia, intraoperative analgesia and postoperative
analgesia were noted, in order to determine if complications such as increased puppy mortality or a
higher incidence of signs of nociception in the bitch could be connected to a specific anesthetic
protocol.
The results of the present study showed that a dose of only buprenorphine given after the puppies
were removed provided a weaker intraoperative analgesia when compared to only methadone,
methadone and fentanyl or buprenorphine and fentanyl. The study could not evaluate the impact of
post-operative NSAID treatment due to a lack of follow-up with the patients once they left the
university hospital after surgery. That being said, it is worth mentioning that no puppy from a bitch
that was given NSAID returned to the clinic. Furthermore, the study found that premedication with
fentanyl or medetomidine had no impact on puppy mortality; the study also found no impact on the
pain levels of the bitch. This finding may be explained by the fact that the study only evaluated
anesthetic protocols which did not monitor pain levels in detail. At the time this study was
conducted, only a few studies have evaluated the impact a single dose of fentanyl given at the time
of induction has on the nociceptive response during a cesarean section.
In conclusion, this study cannot infer how the choice of anesthesia or analgesia impacts signs of
nociception in the bitch nor the puppies’ welfare directly after birth. To better understand how
premedication with fentanyl affects these parameters, further studies are needed to more closely
follow both the bitch and her puppies. One suggested approach could be to use a well-documented
APGAR-scoring system for all puppies after delivery, and to monitor the bitch with a detailed pain
assessment scale
The interaction between waterscape nature and sensory design
Full text linkThis study explores the potential of child-responsive waterscapes to catalyze growth and revitalization in the municipality of Älvkarleby. With a focus on sustainable development, the research investigates how the design and implementation of waterscapes tailored to children's needs can address demographic challenges and foster a vibrant community. Drawing on insights from the comprehensive plan for Älvkarleby Municipality in 2050, which emphasizes the imperative need for developmental strategies aligned with sustainable progress, this study examines the historical significance of Älvkarleby's relationship with its surrounding blue spaces.
By creating a sensory park incorporating all senses, with a specific emphasis on blue spaces and waterscapes, the research aims to provide practical examples of child-responsive design principles. Through an interdisciplinary approach that combines waterscape architecture and community development, this study seeks to demonstrate how child-responsive waterscapes can enhance play, creativity, social interaction, and inclusivity, thereby attracting families, stimulating economic activity, and fostering well-being. By highlighting the transformative potential of child-responsive design, this research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable urban development and offers valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, designers, and community stakeholders seeking to create vibrant and resilient communities
Investigating headspace extract from aphid infested plants to analyze the role of semiochemicals in the attraction of the natural enemy Eupeodes corollae (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Full text linkPlants constitutively emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) affecting their surroundings. Under
attack by herbivores, plants emit additional distinct volatile compounds, so called herbivore induced
plant volatiles(HIPVs), that may act as indirect defense by attracting natural enemies of the
herbivore. Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) play a crucial role in biological pest control by preying
on aphids. Gravid females using visual and chemical cues—including aphid stress secretions and
HIPVs—to locate suitable oviposition sites. We investigate the attraction of Eupeodes corollae to
VOCs from aphid-infested radish plants to better understand the semiochemicals involved in natural
enemy attraction. E.corollae (Syrphidae) showed flight attraction towards a stream of headspace
volatiles directly injected into a wind tunnel, but not towards headspace samples that were dissolved
and vaporized in organic solvents. Headspace volatiles in organic solvent did not induce
oviposition, suggesting that the lack of behavioral response towards headspace samples was due to
the absence or wrong ratio of behavioral active chemicals, or a negative effect of the solvent
Home slaughter
Full text linkIn Sweden, home slaughter of cattle is permitted for household consumption, signifying that the animal is slaughtered and butchered on the farm itself. The objective of this case study was to evaluate the use of home slaughter as an alternative to reduce losses of beef at the farm level. To this end, a home slaughter practitioner in southern Sweden was observed over a period of three weeks, during which eight animals were slaughtered and five were butchered. Observations were made on operational practices, resource requirements, meat yields from carcasses and handling of by-products. Samples for microbiological analysis on carcasses and minced meat were also taken. For carcasses total aerobic colony counts and total Enterobacteriaceae were quantified and for minced meat Total aerobic colony counts and total E. coli counts were quantified. In addition to these on-site observations, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the home slaughter practitioner and six farmers who used the service. These interviews focused on their opinions and experiences with home slaughter. The operational practices of home slaughter were found to be an efficient undertaking, with minimal visible contamination of carcasses and minimal losses of meat during butchering. Challenges found by some farmers included finding appropriate hanging solutions for carcasses as well as the greater time commitment as compared to conventional slaughter. The results from the microbiological samples taken on carcasses and minced meat were all found to be acceptable, in accordance with the limits set out in European Council Regulations 2073/2005, which govern microbiological criteria for foodstuffs. This finding suggests that maintaining good slaughter and butchering hygiene is achievable in a home slaughter setting. During interviews, farmers highlighted animal welfare as a primary benefit of home slaughter, emphasising the use of calm stunning and killing in a familiar environment. All farmers, as well as the home slaughter practitioner, identified home slaughter as an effective method for salvaging animals that are ill-suited for conventional slaughter such as mildly lame animals or animals strayed out of the group that have become too difficult to handle during transport or at slaughter houses. Consequently, home slaughter contributes to the reduction of losses of beef at farm level, as many of these animals would otherwise require euthanasia
Miyawakimetoden
Full text linkAnvändningen av mikroskogar för att öka stadens krontäckning och på detta vis förbättra miljön för dess invånare har blivit allt vanligare. Forskning visar att denna typ av strukturrika planteringar med artrik sammansättning är positivt för social rekreation och biologisk mångfald samt resiliens mot klimatförändringar och skadeangrepp. Miyawakimetoden har blivit en populär metod för plantering av mikroskog. Den japanska planteringsmetoden utgår ifrån tätt planterad, snabbt växande vegetation där växtvalen utgörs av den potentiella naturliga vegetationen. Strävan efter ökad krontäckning kan dock innebära komplikationer där kvantitet snarare än kvalitet får styra. Risken finns att vegetationen, tvärtemot syftet, levererar ekosystem-otjänster som dålig växtetablering, otrygghet och ökade kostnader. Denna uppsats utgår från en litteraturstudie av Miyawakimetoden. Dess syfte är dels att undersöka metodens innehåll och vad den manifesterar, dels att granska möjligheter och begränsningar utifrån skandinaviska förutsättningar. Studien diskuterar ett flertal ekosystemtjänster associerade med Miyawakimetoden. Litteraturen pekar vidare på Miyawakimetodens konflikter dels med stadslandskapet, dels med det skandinaviska klimatet där dendrofloran innebär stora utmaningar i fråga om växtval och långsiktig utveckling. Miyawakimetodens tillämpande i Skandinavien kan därför vara utmanande utan fundamentala anpassningar av vad grundidén stipulerar.The use of microforests to increase urban canopy cover and thereby improve the environment for its inhabitants has become increasingly common. Research shows that this type of structurally rich plantings with a diverse species composition are beneficial for social recreation, biodiversity, and resilience against climate change and pests. The Miyawaki method has become a popular approach to planting microforests. The Japanese method is based on densely planted, fast-growing vegetation where the selection of plant species is based on the potential natural vegetation. However, the desire of increased canopy cover may come with complications, where quantity rather than quality takes precedence. There is a risk that the vegetation, in contrary to its intended purpose, may lead to ecosystem disservices, such as poor plant establishment, safety issues and increased costs. This thesis is based on a literature study of the Miyawaki method. The aim is both to examine the content of the method and what it manifests, as well as to review its opportunities and limitations in Scandinavian conditions. The study discusses several ecosystem services associated with the Miyawaki method. Furthermore, the literature points to conflicts between the Miyawaki method and the urban landscape, as well as the Swedish-Scandinavian climate, where the dendroflora presents major challenges in terms of plant selection and long-term development. Therefore, the application of the Miyawaki method in Scandinavia may be challenging without fundamental adaptations of its core principles