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Möglichkeiten sichtbar machen
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Möglichkeiten sichtbar machen
Ressourcenorientierte Rückmeldung in der ergotherapeutischen Diagnostik von Kindern mit Aufmerksamkeitsschwierigkeiten, Birgit Steininger
Betreuung:
Dr. Corinna Perchtold-Stefan, Universität Graz
Valentin Ritschl, PhD, Medizinische Universität Wien
Ziel:
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Ressourcenorientierten Rückmeldung in der ergotherapeutischen Diagnostik (RRED), Auswirkungen auf die Entlastung von Eltern und Kindern, bei Aufmerksamkeitsschwierigkeiten der Kinder.
Hintergrund:
Die vorliegenden Arbeit untersucht Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Einsatzes der Videointeraktionsanalyse (nach Marte Meo, Aarts, 2009) im Rahmen ergotherapeutischer Diagnostik zur ressourcenorientierten Rückmeldung an die Eltern von Kinder mit Aufmerksamkeitsschwierigkeiten. Es wurde angenommen, dass das Sichtbarmachen und Verstehen „gelingender Momente“ zu einer Entlastung der Eltern und Änderung ihres interaktiven Verhaltens führt. Bei den Kindern wurde eine Veränderung ihres aufmerksamen Verhaltens infolge veränderter Unterstützung durch die Eltern untersucht.
Methode:
Im Rahmen ergotherapeutischer Diagnostik wurden Videos von Eltern und deren zur Diagnostik vorgestellten Kinder mit Aufmerksamkeitsschwierigkeiten erstellt.
Diese wurden bei der ressourcenorientierten Rückmeldung der Diagnostik an die Eltern zur (Wieder-) Bewusstmachung aufmerksamkeitsförderlicher Ressourcen beider Interaktionspartner genutzt. N=6 Ergotherapeutinnen mit Marte Meo Therapist-Ausbildung wurden in einem Workshop in der Durchführung des Verfahrens RRED geschult. Sie rekrutierten anschließend die teilnehmenden Eltern-Kind-Paare. In an die Eltern (N=6) gerichteten Fragebögen wurden in einer Vorher-Nachher-Messung Auswirkungen auf deren Belastungserleben und Kompetenzerwartung durch die Intervention erhoben, ebenso das Kohärenzgefühl (Antonovsky & Franke, 1997) und die Allgemeine Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1981) als stabile Größen. Durch den Einsatz der Videoanalyse (Aarts, 2002, 2016; Mittler, 2006) wurde zudem eine mögliche Verhaltensänderung von Eltern und Kindern (N=6 Eltern-Kind-Paare) in Folge der Intervention RRED durch Vergleiche der Mittelwerte beobachtbarer Verhaltensparameter untersucht und als Differenz an Hand des Faktors Zeit ersichtlich (Varianzanalyse mit Messwiederholung). Die Teilnehmer*innen fungierten als ihre eigene Kontrolle.
Ergebnisse:
Es konnte eine positiver Trend im interaktionsbezogenen Belastungserleben der Eltern (p = .117, np² = 0.42) sowie in deren Kohärenzempfinden (p =.102, np² = 0.60) festgestellt werden. In den Videos wurde dies an Hand verwendeter Töne, Emotionsausdruck und durch Zuwachs an Synchronizität beobachtbar. Die Steigerung quantitativer Synchronizität (Feldmann, 2007) lieferte einen wesentlichen Hinweis auf (Re)aktivierung von entwicklungsförderlichem Verhalten der Eltern. Sie basiert auf einer marginal signifikante Reduktion des initiativen, das Kind anleitenden und korrigierenden Verhaltens der Eltern (p = .056, np² = 0.55) zugunsten signifikant häufigerem folgendem Elternverhalten (p < .001, np² = 0.94). Gefunden wurde, dass die Eltern nach der RRED mehr abwarteten, damit hatten sie besser Zeit, Initiativen ihres Kindes zu beobachten.
Als positiven Effekt zeigten sich Veränderungen in der Tempoanpassung der Eltern als auch im unterstützenden Verbalisieren kindlichen Verhaltens. Die Kinder zeigten als Effekt einen signifikanten Zuwachs an zielgerichteter Aktivität von sich aus (p = .032, np² = 0.63) als auch an passenden Initiativen (p = .047, np² = 0.58). Auffallend war eine marginal signifikante Zunahme des Versprachlichens eigener Überlegungen passend zum Thema (p = .070, np² = 0.51). Die Eltern berichteten auch bezüglich des Alltags der Kinder von einer signifikanten Entlastung (p = .042, np² = 0.60).
Schlussfolgerung:
Die Ressourcenorientierte Rückmeldung der ergotherapeutischen Diagnostik RRED zeigte im Rahmen ihrer Möglichkeiten positive Auswirkungen sowohl bei den Eltern als auch bei deren Kindern. Auf Grund der geringen Fallzahl kann kein Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit erhoben werden. Studien zu dem Thema sind auf Grund der erhaltenen Daten gerechtfertigt.Making possibilities visible
Resource-oriented feedback of occupational therapy diagnostics of children with attention difficulties, Birgit Steininger
Supervision:
Dr. Corinna Perchtold-Stefan, University of Graz
Valentin Ritschl, PhD, Medical University of Vienna
Target:
Possibilities and limitations of the resource-oriented feedback of occupational therapy diagnostics RRED, effects on the relief of parents and children, in case of attention difficulties of children.
Background:
This study examines the possibilities and limitations of using video interaction analysis (according to Marte Meo, Aarts, 2009) in the context of occupational therapy diagnostics to provide resource-oriented feedback to parents of children with attention difficulties. It was assumed that making "successful moments" visible and understanding them would lead to possible relief for the parents and a change in their interactive behaviour. A change in the children's attentive behaviour as a result of changes in parental support was investigated.
Method:
As part of occupational therapy diagnostics, videos were made of parents and their children with attention difficulties presented for diagnostics. These were used for RRED and to make parents (re)aware of the attention-promoting resources of both interaction partners. N=6 occupational therapists with Marte Meo Therapist training were trained in the implementation of the RRED procedure in a workshop. They then recruited the participating parent-child pairs.
In questionnaires addressed to the parents (N=6), the effects of the intervention on their experience of stress and expectations of competence were measured in a before-and-after measurement, as were the sense of coherence (Antonovsky & Franke, 1997) and the general expectation of self-efficacy (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1981) as stable variables. Through the use of video interaction analysis (Aarts, 2002; Mittler, 2006), a possible change in the behaviour of parents and children (N=6 parent-child pairs) as a result of the RRED intervention was also examined by comparing the mean values of observable behavioural parameters and was revealed as a difference based on the time factor (analysis of variance with repeated measures). The participants acted as their own control.
Results:
A positive trend was found in the parents' interaction-related stress experience (p = .117, np² = 0.42) and in their sense of coherence (p =.102, np² = 0.60). In the videos, this was observable on the basis of the sounds used, emotional expression and an increase in synchronicity. The increase in quantitative synchronicity (Feldmann, 2007) provided a significant indication of (re)activation of development-promoting behaviour on the part of the parents. It is based on a marginally significant reduction in parents' initiating, guiding and correcting behaviour (p = .056, np² = 0.55) in favour of significantly more frequent following parental behaviour (p < .001, np² = 0.94). It was found that parents waited more after the RRED, so they had more time to observe their child's initiatives. Positive effects were seen in changes in the parents' pace adjustment and in the supportive verbalisation of children's behaviour. The children showed a significant increase in purposeful activity on their own initiative (p = .032, np² = 0.63) as well as in appropriate initiatives (p = .047, np² = 0.58). A marginally significant increase in verbalising one's own thoughts in line with the topic (p = .070, np² = 0.51) was interesting, too. The parents also reported significant relief with regard to the children's everyday lives (p = .042, np² = 0.60).
Conclusion:
The resource-orientated feedback of the occupational therapy diagnosis RRED showed positive effects on both the parents and their children within the scope of its possibilities. Due to the small number of cases, no claim to completeness can be made. Studies on the topic are justified on the basis of the data obtained
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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