1,720,980 research outputs found
Dipendenza da alcol e attività motoria adattata
Full text linkL’alcol è una delle droghe più utilizzate nel mondo. In uno studio epidemiologico, finanziato dall’Organizzazione Mondiale per la Sanità (OMS 1998) è stato valutato che in Italia lo 0,7 % della popolazione ha presentato nel corso della propria vita un disturbo da abuso di sostanze. L’abuso di alcol rappresenta, soprattutto in alcune aree del paese, un grave problema sociale che investe persone di tutte le fasce sociali e di tutte le età (Carraro, Mioni, & Pessa 2001). Il costo sociale dell'alcol in Italia è stato, nel solo 2006, di 11,4 milioni di dollari: 2,3 milioni di dollari di costi sanitari diretti (trattamento cirrosi epatica); 5,7 milioni per costi indiretti; 3,4 milioni per altri costi diretti legati ad altri problemi di salute dovuti all'uso cronico di alcol (OMS, 2010).
L’alcol agisce deprimendo il sistema nervoso centrale. Diminuisce cioè l’attività dei neuroni e induce tolleranza e dipendenza. Con un consumo cronico l’organismo innesca tre meccanismi successivi di compensazione: tolleranza farmacocinetica (dopo 1-2 settimane il fegato aumenta la velocità di metabolizzazione dell’etanolo del 30%); tolleranza farmacodinamica (più tardiva, modificazioni chimiche e strutturali delle membrane cellulari, dipendenza fisica); tolleranza comportamentale.
Con un’assunzione eccessiva e prolungata di alcol si producono degli effetti tossici a carico di tutto l’organismo: sistema nervoso centrale, apparato gastrointestinale, sangue e sistema immunitario, apparato cardiovascolare, apparato genito-urinario, comportamento sociale (Tabella 1)
Comparison of explosive strength and static balance between young female volleyball and ballet dancer athletes
Full text linkPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate possible differences in explosive strength and static balance between young female athletes of volleyball and ballet dance. We hypothesis that the explosive strength values are high and not significantly different both in volleyball players (VP) and ballet dancers (BD), while static balance values are significantly higher in ballet dancers. Methods: The standing broad jump test and the flamingo balance test are tests of The Eurofit Physical Fitness Test Battery assessing, respectively, explosive leg power and static balance. The two tests were administrated to a total of 34 female athletes aged between 10 and 13 (M=11.9; SD=0.96) divided into two groups based on the sport practiced: the VP (n=19) and the BD (n=15). There were not significant differences in age between the two groups. Results: The results showed that the explosive strength values are high in both groups, if we consider the range of percentiles by age. VP: M=1.49, SD=0.21; BD: M=1.13, SD=0.18. There were not significant differences between the two groups (p=0.89). Static balance values were significantly higher (p<0.001) in BD (M=14.20, SD=8.24) than in VP (M=18.53, SD=5.29), with a quite large effect size (Cohen's d=0.62). Conclusions: The results confirm existing studies in the literature (Miller et al, 2017; Crotts et al, 1996). The explosive strength and power are well developed in both the two groups of athletes, while balance has is more developed in BD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
FOR AN EDUCATIONAL EPISTEMOLOGY OF THE EXPRESSIVE, COMMUNICATIVE, AND TRANSFORMATIVE VALUE OF THE BODY IN MOVEMENT: BETWEEN BODILY PHENOMENOLOGY AND MOTOR PHILOSOPHIZING
Full text linkAfter arguing the role of phenomenology in rediscovering the communicative and transformative expressiveness of bodily movements in different educational contexts, also having tried to offer an epistemological and foundational contribution to the topic inherent in educational research through performance arts and transformative learning (of bodies, in bodies, between bodies), the essay delves into enactive teaching in the connection/supervision between enactive paradigm and phenomenology. The human mind is embodied in the affective and lived body, which is situated in the world in a continuous recursiveness of reciprocal relations between mind, body and world. The cognitive structures of mind would therefore emerge from sense-motor dynamics, recurring between the embodied agent and embedded in a natural environment, allowing action to be perceptually guided. Perception is thus enactive, that is, it is a type of action. From this perspective, enactive didactics stands as a privileged avenue of transformative learning, thanks in part to the biotransactional training of emotions and the neurophysiological study of empathy, turning its interest to the educational relationship in the multiple and interdependent aspects of affectively experienced corporeality, including its relation to multiple sense-motor processes. Concluding with an experiential explanatory node, a dancer’s motor-kinesthetic performance becomes philosophical motricity, as the inner dialogue that arises from the intensity of experience allows a more intense return to life to transform it again and again
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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