1,721,162 research outputs found
Fiskalregime, nation building und state capacity: Welche Wechselwirkungen gab es zwischen öffentlichen Finanzen, Reichsgründung und wirtschaftlicher Entwicklung?
No full textFiscal regime, nation-building, and state capacity: interactions among public finances, national unification, and economic development
No full textThe proclamation of the German Empire in January 1871 is considered to be a central event in German history, with repercussions all over Europe. Moreover, with the North German Confederation of 1866/67, a federal state was already forming in northern Germany. This chapter addresses two questions from different angles, which can be grouped under four major headings. It addresses the dynamics of the German national movement, inter-governmental coordination of economic policy since the founding of the Zollverein, and the emergence of a national economic policy in the course of the founding of the North German Confederation and the Empire, respectively. The chapter examines the founding of the nation-state as a potential turning point both in terms of long-term economic development and with regard to central areas of economic policy. The economic implications of Empire’s federal structure become particularly obvious in comparison with national unification in Italy. The chapter also presents an overview on the key concepts discussed in this book
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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