130,547 research outputs found
Parole del mondo globale. Percorsi politici ed economici nella globalizzazione
No full textQuanti anni ha la globalizzazione? Se si parte da Hiroshima, più di 60, se invece si prende come punto di riferimento la catastrofe di Chernobyl, più di 20. In ogni caso, anche considerando la caduta del Muro di Berlino, è ormai "maggiorenne".
Passata la fase delle analisi e delle previsioni, è giunta l'ora dei primi bilanci, così da smentire o confermare le inquietudini profonde che ne hanno accompagnato lo sviluppo.
Senza la pretesa di essere esaustivo, questo libro vuole mettere a fuoco i profondi mutamenti prodotti negli ultimi anni, generatori di un processo che ha fatto cadere barriere economiche, politiche e culturali.
Partendo da alcune parole chiave che esprimono i diversi aspetti della globalizzazione, le riflessioni di economisti, filosofi, scienziati della politica e della comunicazione prospettano percorsi altrettanto diversi per affrontare meglio la complessità di questo fenomeno, e per orientarsi tra i numerosi contributi che la pubblicistica continua a produrre.
In quest'ottica di servizio colto ma non specialistico, il volume contiene anche un glossario che chiarisce, precisa e aggiorna le diverse declinazioni del fenomeno, soprattutto quelle utilizzate dai fronti più radicali "global" e "no global", così cariche di emozioni, pregiudizi, ma anche di preoccupazioni fondate e legittime
Beyond Ethnic Intolerance: Traces and Benefits of Ethnic Diversity in Post-War Bosnia-Herzegovina
No full textIn the first section, the main socio-psychological theories on group interaction are
briefly discussed. In the following sections, TRACES data regarding Bosnia-
Herzegovina are presented and discussed. Particular attention is given to ethnic
heterogeneity and its positive or negative effects on intergroup attitudes. Finally, based
on our findings, we present several considerations concerning the promotion of
tolerance and the reconstruction of multi-cultural communities in Bosnia-Herzegovina
Ecology of bacterial communities during petroleum biodegradation: a molecular analysis on degrading consortia isolated from hydrocarbon polluted soils, sediment and seawater samples
No full textEnvironmental microbial communities are key players in the transformation and miner- alization of hydrocarbon pollutants. The aim of this study was to assess changes in bacterial abundance and diversity during the degradation of Tunisian Zarzatine oil by four indigenous bacterial consortia isolated from different polluted environmental matrix (a petroleum sta- tion soil, refinery reservoir soil, harbor sediment and harbor seawater). The microcosms were inoculated for two months with either a defined bacterial consortium and Zarzatine crude oil as only carbon and energy source. The microbial community dynamics was evaluated weekly in microcosms using Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing. An average of 7020 sequences per samples were obtained, the measured coverage was higher than 97% and more than 60% of sequence were correctly classified at species level. Degrading consortia enriched from soil and sediments were dominated by species belonging to Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter gen- era, while in the seawater-derived consortia Dietzia, Fusobacterium and Dicoplana emerged as dominant genera. We identified specific OTUs whose relative abundances bloomed from small to high percentages and were significantly correlated to total petroleum degradation: an OTU classified as Dietzia daqingensis in the seawater microcosms, and three OTUs classified as Acinetobacter venetianus in all two soils and sediment derived microcosms. Interestingly, a comparative analysis showed that this was the same OTU in all 3 microcosms which were derived from consortia isolated from different types (soil or sediment) and location. The work provides detailed insights about the modulation of bacterial communities involved in petroleum biodegradation
Thin membranes based on FBG sensors for real-time sub-bandage pressure monitoring
No full textThis work focuses on the manufacturing and testing of a new device for medical bandage monitoring. Excessive pressure exerted from the compression bandage can block the blood flow of the patient, causing different medical complications to the skin, nerves, and circulatory system. On the contrary, if the pressure applied is low, the therapy is not effective. The utility, therefore, arises from a device capable of quantitatively indicating the correct adjustment of the bandage. The technological demonstrators developed consist of a polyurethane elastomeric shell with a thin composite supporting core. Fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBGSs) embedded within this core permit the detection of the subbandage pressure applied during compression therapy. The two prototypes were applied under arm bandages to evaluate their capability to transmit the applied pressure to the embedded FBGS. We demonstrated the ability to monitor the bandaging action by measuring the level of pressure exerted with the rounds of bandages. Moreover, the thin membranes permit the monitoring of the heartbeat of the patient, giving feedback about blood irrotation. The device developed is, therefore, promising to improve the results of compression therapy
Articuler l'individuel et le collectif
No full textSpecial Issue of : Nouvelle Revue de Psychologie Sociale / New Review of Social Psychology to the honour of Willem Doise.
Staerklé C, Spini D : invited author
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
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