2,536 research outputs found
Genetic and environmental risk factors for sexual distress and its association with female sexual dysfunction
No full textA. Burri, Q. Rahman and T. Spector (2011). Genetic and environmental risk factors for sexual distress and its association with female sexual dysfunction. Psychological Medicine, 41, pp 2435-2445. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S003329171100049
Development of TD Website and Repository
No full textSEAFDEC, an Inter-Governmental Organization plays an important role in promotion of sustainable development of fisheries and aquaculture in the Southeast Asian Region for more than four decades. Cooperation with other regional and international organizations have been recognized through several important events such as Millennium Conference in 2001 and ASEAN-SEAFDEC Conference in 2011. Since 1990s, internet have been introduced worldwide, where information technology becomes important as a part of human life including education, economic, social and politicsand so on. Development of high speed internet creates a new communication system and support living style including works and activities such as public relations, multi-media production, publication etc., especially information dissemination and website which are technologies for communication between internal and external organization as well as in developing management system for efficiencies. The objective of this paper is to enhance SEAFDEC visibility by developing the information and dissemination system which developed new TD website in 2017.
In this regards, TD established Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Training Department Institutional Repository (STIR), which is the official digital repository of scholarly, research and technical information of the Department to download all information materials using open source software named the DSpace.
In this paper, author considers the importance of information technology for introducing SEAFDEC/TD activities and improving access to SEAFDEC/TD technical/scientific articles was expressed via the website. In this regards, the author introduced for developing of the TD website and Repository to increase public relation and increase TD’s visibility as well as point out constrains of its development that requires the strengthening and cooperation within the Training Department of SEAFDEC
A study of the relationship between the general physical fitness of adolescents aged 15 – 19 years and their parents
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine the degree of familial resemblance in general physical fitness between adolescents and their parents. Data was gathered from a sample of adolescent-parent pairs. Parents with children between the ages of 15-19 years of age were recruited by means of a poster campaign in the Abergele, Colwyn Bay and Llandudno postal areas of Conwy, North Wales. A sample of 32 adolescent-parent pairs was employed in this research. Participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and had anthropometric measures taken. The performance of adolescent-parent pairs was then measured for aerobic capacity, static strength, muscular endurance and flexibility. A correlational research design was employed for the project. The level of significance was set at p<0.01. All statistical calculations were performed using SPSS (Version 14.0 for Windows). Familial correlation models were fitted directly to the data under the assumption that the family data follow a multivariate normal distribution. The results indicated significant parent - offspring resemblance for weight (0.50), aerobic capacity (0.52), muscular endurance (0.48) and flexibility (0.60) and significant father/son resemblance for weight (0.29), height (0.46) and grip strength (0.39), together with mother/daughter resemblance for weight (0.33) and height (0.48). The results suggest that familial and perhaps genetic, factors are important in explaining the variance in general physical fitness
Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation and mechanisms of gastrooesophageal reflux in twins discordant for gastrooesophageal reflux symptoms
No full textP.19
TRANSIENT LOWER OESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER RELAXATION
AND MECHANISMS OF GASTROOESOPHAGEAL REFLUX IN
TWINS DISCORDANT FOR GASTROOESOPHAGEAL REFLUX
SYMPTOMS
P. Iovino ∗,1, I. Mohammed2, R. Annggiansah 3, A. Anngiansah 3 ,
F. Cherkas 3, T. Spector3, N. Trudgill2
1Università Federico II, Napoli; 2Sandwell General Hospital, Birmingham;
3St Thomas Hospital, London
Background and aim: Transient Lower Oesophageal Sphincter Relaxation
(TLOSR) is the most frequent mechanism among several mechanical patterns
associated with reflux episodes. The aim of this study is to investigate TLOSR
in twin pairs who are discordant for gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
symptoms, i.e. only one of the pair has GORD symptoms to establish whether
differences in TLOSR may contribute to the aetiology of GORD.
Material and methods: 4 monozygotic (MZ) and 12 dizygotic (DZ) twin
pairs, who were repeatedly discordant for GORD symptoms over 2 years, were
studied. LOS function using a sleeve sensor and oesophageal pH were monitored
for 30 mins before and 60 mins after a 300 mls (1200 kcal) lipid meal.
Results: MZ twins were aged mean 63 (range 53-75) yrs and DZ twins
57 (44-74) years. TLOSR frequency increased from 1(0-2) to 2.5 (1-8)
per hour post-prandially (p= 0.001) in the symptomatic twins and from 0
(0-2) to 3(1-6) post-prandially in the asymptomatic twins (Median (range),
p=0.001). Comparison between groups revealed that there was no difference
in pre-prandial and post prandial TLOSR frequency. However no pre prandial
TLOSR were associated with acidic reflux (pH<4) compared with 38% of
post-prandial TLOSR. Acid reflux episodes (pH<4) increased post-prandiallyin both symptomatic and asymptomatic twins, but there was no differences
between the groups in pre or post-prandial acid reflux episode frequency
or total post-prandial acid exposure (symptomatic twins median 11 (range
0-1051)s, asymptomatic twins 4(0-487)s (p=0.4). Moreover preprandial LOS
pressure of 13 (4-29) mmHg fell to 8 (2-13)after the meal (p= 0.0001). No
difference was found in basal and post prandial lower esophageal sphincter
pressure readings between asymptomatic and symptomatic twins (p=0.2).
Conclusions: There was no difference in pre and post prandial TLOSR and in
LOS pressure in twins discordant for GORD symptoms.
# A. Oesophagus - 1. GER
A study of pathophysiological factors associated with gastro-esophageal reflux disease in twins discordant for gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms.
No full textA validation of the first genome-wide association study of calcaneus ultrasound parameters in the European Male Ageing Study
No full text<p><b>Background</b></p>
<p>A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) as measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) at the calcaneus in the Framingham 100K genome-wide association study (GWAS) but have not been validated in independent studies. The aim of this analysis was to determine if these SNPs are associated with QUS measurements assessed in a large independent population of European middle-aged and elderly men. The association between these SNPs and bone mineral density (BMD) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was also tested.</p>
<p><b>Methods</b></p>
<p>Men aged 40-79 years (N = 2960) were recruited from population registers in seven European centres for participation in an observational study of male ageing, the European Male Ageing Study (EMAS). QUS at the calcaneus was measured in all subjects and blood was taken for genetic analysis. Lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH) BMD were measured by DXA in a subsample of 620 men in two centres. SNPs associated with BUA or SOS in the Framingham study with p < 10-4 were selected and genotyped using SEQUENOM technology. Linear regression was used to test for the association between SNPs and standardised (SD) bone outcomes under an additive genetic model adjusting for centre. The same direction of effect and p < 0.05 indicated replication.</p>
<p><b>Results</b></p>
<p>Thirty-four of 38 selected SNPs were successfully genotyped in 2377 men. Suggestive evidence of replication was observed for a single SNP, rs3754032, which was associated with a higher SOS (β(SD) = 0.07, p = 0.032) but not BUA (β(SD) = 0.02, p = 0.505) and is located in the 3'UTR of WDR77 (WD repeat domain 77) also known as androgen receptor cofactor p44. A single SNP, rs238358, was associated with BMD at the LS (β(SD) = -0.22, p = 0.014), FN (β(SD) = -0.31,p = 0.001) and TH (β(SD) = -0.36, p = 0.002) in a locus previously associated with LS BMD in large-scale GWAS, incorporating AKAP11 and RANKL.</p>
<p><b>Conclusions</b></p>
<p>We found suggestive evidence of association between a single SNP located in the 3'UTR of WDR77 with calcaneal ultrasound parameters. The majority of SNPs, associated with QUS parameters in the Framingham Study, were not replicated in an independent population sample of European men.</p>
Blood, urine and faecal metabolite profiles in the study of adult renal disease
No full textChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health burden and to date traditional biomarkers of renal function (such as serum creatinine and cystatin C) are unable to identify at-risk individuals before the disease process is well under way. To help preventive strategies and maximize the potential for effective interventions, it is important to characterise the molecular changes that take place in the development of renal damage. Metabolomics is a promising tool to identify markers of renal disease since the kidneys are involved in the handling of major biochemical classes of metabolites. These metabolite levels capture a snap-shot of the metabolic profile of the individual, allowing for the potential identification of early biomarkers, and the monitoring of real-time kidney function. In this review, we describe the current status of the identification of blood/urine/faecal metabolic biomarkers in different entities of kidney diseases including: acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, renal transplant, diabetic nephropathy and other disorders.</p
Twin studies advance the understanding of gene-environment interplay in human nutrigenomics
No full textInvestigations into the genetic architecture of diet-disease relationships are particularly relevant today with the global epidemic of obesity and chronic disease. Twin studies have demonstrated that genetic makeup plays a significant role in a multitude of dietary phenotypes such as energy and macronutrient intakes, dietary patterns, and specific food group intakes. Besides estimating heritability of dietary assessment, twins provide a naturally unique, case-control experiment. Due to their shared upbringing, matched genes and sex (in the case of monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs), and age, twins provide many advantages over classic epidemiological approaches. Future genetic epidemiological studies could benefit from the twin approach particularly where defining what is 'normal' is problematic due to the high inter-individual variability underlying metabolism. Here, we discuss the use of twins to generate heritability estimates of food intake phenotypes. We then highlight the value of discordant MZ pairs to further nutrition research through discovery and validation of biomarkers of intake and health status in collaboration with cutting-edge omics technologies.</p
The relationship between DXA-based and anthropometric measures of visceral fat and morbidity in women
No full text01.04.14 KB. Ok to add published version to spiral, OA pape
Integration of 'omics' data in aging research: from biomarkers to systems biology
No full textAge is the strongest risk factor for many diseases including neurodegenerative disorders, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer. Due to increasing life expectancy and low birth rates, the incidence of age-related diseases is increasing in industrialized countries. Therefore, understanding the relationship between diseases and aging and facilitating healthy aging are major goals in medical research. In the last decades, the dimension of biological data has drastically increased with high-throughput technologies now measuring thousands of (epi) genetic, expression and metabolic variables. The most common and so far successful approach to the analysis of these data is the so-called reductionist approach. It consists of separately testing each variable for association with the phenotype of interest such as age or age-related disease. However, a large portion of the observed phenotypic variance remains unexplained and a comprehensive understanding of most complex phenotypes is lacking. Systems biology aims to integrate data from different experiments to gain an understanding of the system as a whole rather than focusing on individual factors. It thus allows deeper insights into the mechanisms of complex traits, which are caused by the joint influence of several, interacting changes in the biological system. In this review, we look at the current progress of applying omics technologies to identify biomarkers of aging. We then survey existing systems biology approaches that allow for an integration of different types of data and highlight the need for further developments in this area to improve epidemiologic investigations
- …
