1,721,049 research outputs found
Move cultural heritage knowledge graphs in everyone's pocket
No full textLast years witnessed a shift from the potential utility in digitisation to a crucial need to enjoy activities virtually. In fact, before 2019, data curators recognised the utility of performing data digitisation, while during the lockdown caused by the COVID-19, investing in virtual and remote activities to make culture survive became crucial as no one could enjoy Cultural Heritage in person. The Cultural Heritage community heavily invested in digitisation campaigns, mainly modelling data as Knowledge Graphs by becoming one of the most successful Semantic Web technologies application domains.Despite the vast investment in Cultural Heritage Knowledge Graphs, the syntactic complexity of RDF query languages, e.g., SPARQL, negatively affects and threatens data exploitation, risking leaving this enormous potential untapped. Thus, we aim to support the Cultural Heritage community (and everyone interested in Cultural Heritage) in querying Knowledge Graphs without requiring technical competencies in Semantic Web technologies.We propose an engaging exploitation tool accessible to all without losing sight of developers' technological challenges. Engagement is achieved by letting the Cultural Heritage community leave the passive position of the visitor and actively create their Virtual Assistant extensions to exploit proprietary or public Knowledge Graphs in question-answering. By accessible to all, we mean that the proposed software framework is freely available on GitHub and Zenodo with an open-source license. We do not lose sight of developers' technical challenges, which are carefully considered in the design and evaluation phases.This article first analyses the effort invested in publishing Cultural Heritage Knowledge Graphs to quantify data developers can rely on in designing and implementing data exploitation tools in this domain. Moreover, we point out challenges developers may face in exploiting them in automatic approaches. Second, it presents a domain-agnostic Knowledge Graph exploitation approach based on virtual assistants as they naturally enable question-answering features where users formulate questions in natural language directly by their smartphones. Then, we discuss the design and implementation of this approach within an automatic community-shared software framework (a.k.a. generator) of virtual assistant extensions and its evaluation in terms of performance and perceived utility according to end-users. Finally, according to a taxonomy of the Cultural Heritage field, we present a use case for each category to show the applicability of the proposed approach in the Cultural Heritage domain. In overviewing our analysis and the proposed approach, we point out challenges that a developer may face in designing virtual assistant extensions to query Knowledge Graphs, and we show the effect of these challenges in practice
Are Claims Grounded in Data? An Empowering Linking Approach for Misalignment Identification in Online Data-driven Discussions
No full textTextual content is effectively supported by data visualization in many contexts, allowing readers to assess the written content by looking at data visualizations. Among the fields that benefit from it are journalism and academia, from online blogs to analytical reports. While research has explored the effectiveness of linking text and data visualizations investigating learning, engagement, and improvement in readers' skills regarding better information understanding and recall, we could commit more to using this practice in information verification. This paper investigates the impact of linking text modeled as discussions and data visualizations to identify text-to-visualization misalignment. First, we propose a text-visualization interaction-based approach, named HOOD, to aid users in online data-driven discussions by integrating deictic data visualization with messages, avoiding tab switching, and enabling fine-grain text-to-visualization linking. Then, we present a within-subjects design user study comparing HOOD with two alternative text-to-visualization layouts (also referred to as data access modalities) engaging 22 participants in identifying misalignment in text linked to data visualizations in 18 hand-crafted discussions. Our findings reveal that participants experienced 10% improvement with HOOD reaching up to 80% of success rate compared to alternative data access modalities. Furthermore, the time required for assessments remarkably decreased, and participants consistently rated HOOD as the preferred data access modality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Toward a domain-specific language for scientific workflow-based applications on multicloud system
No full textThe cloud computing paradigm has emerged as the backbone of modern price-aware scalable computing systems. Many cloud service models are competing to become the leading doorway to access the computational power of cloud providers. Recently, a novel service model, called function-as-a-service (FaaS), has been proposed, which enables users to exploit the cloud computational scalability, left out the configuration and management of huge computing infrastructures. This article discloses Fly, a domain-specific language, which aims at reconciling cloud and high-performance computing paradigms adopting a multicloud strategy by providing a powerful, effective, and pricing-efficient tool for developing scalable workflow-based scientific applications by exploiting different and at the same time FaaS cloud providers as computational backends in a transparent fashion. We present several improvements of the Fly language, as well as a new enhanced version of a source-to-source compiler, which currently supports Symmetric Multiprocessing, Amazon AWS, and Microsoft Azure backends and translation of functions in Java, JavaScript, and Python programming languages. Furthermore, we discuss a performance evaluation of Fly on a popular benchmark for distributed computing frameworks, along with a collection of case studies with an analysis of their performance results and costs
L’USO FORZATO DELL’ARTO SUPERIORE PARETICO IN SOGGETTI CON ESITI DI TRAUMA CRANICO: STUDIO PILOTA.
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