1,721,086 research outputs found
Is there a role for 'acute' or 'preemptive' intestinal transplantation?
No full textPURPOSE OF REVIEW: 'Preemptive' transplantation is performed before underlying disease becomes advanced, compromising transplant feasibilities and posttransplant outcome while 'acute' transplant is performed when organ function is compromised and there is life-threatening risk. In intestinal transplantation an indication for transplant is failure of total parenteral nutrition in patients with intestinal insufficiency: liver disease associated with intestinal failure has a primary role in choosing the type of transplant to be performed and in establishing timing of transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Development of hepatic dysfunction represents an indication for preemptive intestinal transplantation at less than 1 year of parenteral nutrition. Regression of intestinal-failure liver disease may be achieved by isolated intestinal transplantation without liver grafting when liver disease is reversible. Therefore an early or preemptive indication for intestinal transplantation, in selected cases, represents liver salvage therapy associated with increased survival. Indications for acute intestinal or multivisceral transplant are few and confined to emergency trauma involving liver/bowel integrity and function, but above all the need of retransplant for multivisceral transplant recipients. SUMMARY: A preemptive isolated intestinal transplantation is strongly advised when liver disease occurs (if reversible) while there are only few clinical indications for acute intestinal transplantation (unless a multivisceral retransplant is needed). © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Robotic Pancreas Transplantation
No full textObesity is considered a relative contraindication to pancreas transplantation due to an overall increased risk in wound-related complications and surgical site infections. The rationale for performing pancreas transplantation in a minimally invasive fashion is to reduce these risks, which can be associated with inferior patient and graft survival following pancreas transplantation in morbidly obese patients. At the University of Illinois at Chicago, the initial series of robotic-assisted pancreas transplantation in obese patient with type 1 and 2 diabetes has been performed. In this article, surgical technique and world experience in robotic pancreas transplantation are described
Impact of the circadian clock on cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) under different conditions of sleep recovery
No full textAcute confusional migraine attacks resolved by sleep: lack of significant abnormalities in post-ictal polysomnograms.
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