1,721,009 research outputs found
Expert-based assessment of the climate change vulnerability of amphibians and reptiles of Uruguay
No full textClimate change (CC) is a major threat to biodiversity, increasing species extinction risk. Assessments of its possible impacts on species are crucial for designing conservation strategies. Here, we adjusted a global trait-based approach to the national level and apply it to Uruguay (South America) to evaluate the CC vulnerability of its herpetofauna. A total of 112 species were assessed in a scenario of CC projections for 2050 with regard to three dimensions of vulnerability: sensitivity, low adaptive capacity and exposure. We conducted the assessment through an expert elicitation process based on the Delphi method. We found that most local species (64.6% amphibians; 100% reptiles) were highly sensitive to CC. Among them, seven amphibians (14.6%) and seven reptiles (10.9%) were identified as highly vulnerable to CC. Important gaps in the life-history traits of the species were found that should guide future research. The structured expert consultation process allowed us to gather more and better information than if it had only been based on published sources. Our study identified challenges associated with changing the scale from global to national that might be used for similar assessments in other countries.Fil: Vaz Canosa, Pablo. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural; Uruguay. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Laufer, Gabriel. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural; UruguayFil: Borteiro, Claudio. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural; UruguayFil: Baldo, Juan Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Prigioni, Carlos. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural; UruguayFil: Soutullo, Alvaro. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural; Urugua
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Aplicaciones de la telemetría por satélite al estudio de la ecología de rapaces
No full textMemoria para la obtención del Diploma de Estudios Avanzados. Director: Vicente Urios MolinerLa aplicación de la tecnología satelital al estudio de animales silvestres ha generado una revolución en los estudios de ecología y comportamiento de rapaces. En España, la aplicación de esta tecnología al estudio de la dispersión juvenil del águila real (Aquila chrysaetos) y la migración del aguilucho cenizo (Circus pygargus) ha permitido conocer aspectos hasta ahora desconocidos de la biología de esas dos especies. Entre ellos, los cambios en los patrones de uso del espacio que tienen lugar a lo largo del primer año de dispersión del águila real y sus patrones de actividad diarios, y las rutas de migración y los sitios de residencia fuera de Europa de una población de aguiluchos cenizos que se reproduce en el NE de España. El potencial de la información recabada es enorme ya que hasta ahora sólo se ha avanzado en la descripción de aspectos básicos de estos procesos.Fundación Terra Natura; Aeropuerto de Castelló
Evaluando cuán exhaustivos son los inventarios de biodiversidad: un ejemplo de la Reserva de la Biosfera de Bañados del Este, Uruguay
No full textSe evaluó el rendimiento de
cinco índices no paramétricos de riqueza de especies (ICE, Jack1, Jack2, Chao2 y
Bootstrap) utilizando inventarios disponibles para tres grupos de vertebrados dentro de la
Reserva de Biósfera Bañados del Este, Uruguay. Los datos utilizados fueron compilados
de colecciones zoológicas, bibliografía, notas de campo y otras fuentes no publicadas.
Todos los índices brindaron buenas estimaciones de la verdadera riqueza una vez que
cerca del 50% de las localidades estudiadas fueron consideradas, pero sólo Jack2, ICE y
Chao2 brindaron buenas estimaciones con muestras más pequeñas. Para datos que no
han sido colectados sistemáticamente, y que poseen diferentes grados de exactitud,
sugiero utilizar simultaneamente los índices ICE, Jack1 y Jack2 para evaluar cuán
exhaustivos son los inventarios disponibles. Juntos, estos índices brindan buenas
estimaciones de la verdadera riqueza, incluso cuando el esfuerzo de muestreo es
pequeño, y definen un rango de valores dentro del cual es esperable que se encuentre la
verdadera riqueza de especies.The performance of five non-parametric estimators of species richness (ICE, Jack1,
Jack2, Chao2 and Bootstrap) was compared using available inventories for three
vertebrate groups within the Biosphere Reserve Bañados del Este, Uruguay. The data
used were compiled from zoological collections, bibliography, field notes and other
unpublished sources. All estimators provided good estimations of true richness when
approximate 50% of the localities sampled were considered, but only Jack2, ICE and
Chao2 provided good estimations with lower samples. For data that was not
systematically gathered and shows varying degrees of accuracy, I suggest simultaneously
using the indexes ICE, Jack1 and Jack2 to evaluate inventories’ completeness. Together
these indexes provide good estimations of the true species richness, even when sampling
effort is low, and they define a range of values within which true richness is likely to fall
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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