1,721,628 research outputs found
Comparisons of treatment strategies for necrotizing pancreatitis
No full text학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :의학과,2010. 2ABSTRACT =ⅰ
TABLES OF CONTENTS = iii
LIST OF FIGURES = iv
LIST OF TABLES = v
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION = 1
Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS = 4
A. MATERIALS = 4
B. DIAGNOSTIC METHODS = 5
C. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS = 5
D. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS = 6
Ⅲ. RESULTS = 7
Ⅳ. DISCUSSION = 14
Ⅴ. CONCLUSION = 19
REFERENCES = 20
국문요약 = 24MasterForty to seventy percent of secondary bacterial infections, mainly by Gram-negative organisms, can be combined with necrotizing pancreatitis, and it's mortality with organ failure is reported to be nearly 30%. Specific symptoms, contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography(CECT), Ranson's score, APACHE II score and confirmed infected necrosis by fine needle aspiration can be helpful for identifying diagnosis and disease severity. There have been controversies about conservative or operative treatment for necrotizing pancreatitis and surgical indications. Many studies in the literatures have shown infected necrosis as a definite surgical indication, similar to combined bowel perforation or massive uncontrolled intraabdominal hemorrhage.
In this retrospective report, 37 hospitalized patients who were diagnosed with necrotizing pancreatitis during the past 13 years were analyzed for therapeutic strategies, clinical course and results. Etiology and basic hemodynamic parameters, including pancreatic enzymes, CT severity index(CTSI), Ranson's score and APACHE II score, were analyzed. The incidence of pancreatic pseudocyst, pleural effusion, abdominal percutaneous lavage drainage, infected necrosis, organ failure and mortality rate, total hospital stay, the number of admission and length of stay in intensive care unit(ICU) were also identified.
All patients were routinely treated with prophylactic antibiotics, while 13 out of 37 patients were treated surgically. The etiologies included biliary(12), alcoholic(16) and others(9) such as postoperative, trauma and idiopathic. The rate of confirmed infected necrosis was 85.7%(6/7) in conservative treatment group and 100%(12/12) in surgical treatment group, showing significantly different etiology(p=0.001) between the two groups, and Ranson's score(p=0.025), APACHE II score(p=0.028), and total hospital stay(p=0.045), length of stay in ICU(p=0.019) were significantly higher in surgical treatment group. The mortality rates did not show any difference between the two groups(p=1.000). The timing of operation which was set up by 3 weeks resulted in no differences in clinical course and outcomes. There were also no differences between the two groups in clinical course and results in case of high Ranson's and APACHE II score, except the relation of high APACHE II score and length of stay in ICU(p=0.002).
This study showed that infected necrosis could not be surgical indication for necrotizing pancreatitis, because 6 patients fully recovered from the disease by only conservative treatment. Patients who were conservatively treated showed better clinical course and outcomes. Furthermore, Ranson's score or APACHE II score were not useful for deciding treatment strategy for necrotizing pancreatitis. Conservative treatment and cautious surgical observation should sincerely be considered for treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis
상대론적 공동 전자빔의 다이아코트론 불안정성에 미치는 회귀전류의 영향
No full text학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 물리학과, 1988.2, [ [iv], 42 p. ]the influence of a return current on the diocotron instability of a relativistic hollow electron beam propagating through a background plasma is investigated within the framework of a cold fluid model. The return current density induced in the background plasma is taken to be steadily proportional to the axial electron beam current density. By making use of the linearized fluid-Maxwell equations, a dispersion relation for the eigenfrequencies of the system is derived and used to examine instabilities. It is found that as the fraction of current neutralization increases, lower mode instabilities become dominant while higher mode perturbations are stabilized except the case of very thin beams. It is also observed that for all values of the fraction of current neutralization, increasing of the plasma density gradient or decreasing of the beam thickness is generally destabilizing effect.한국과학기술원 : 물리학과
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Atomic structures of self-assembled epitaxially grown GdSi2 nanowires on Si(001) by STM
Full text linkSelf-assembled rare-earth (RE) silicide nanowires (NWs) on semiconductor surfaces are considered as good candidates for creating and investigating one-dimensional electron systems because of their exceptionally anisotropic growth behavior and metallic property. While detailed atomic structures are essential to understand electronic properties of these NWs, there have been only few successful observations of atomic structures with microscopy and reliable structure models are lacking. Here, we reinvestigate gadolinium silicide NWs with high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We observe several different structures of Gd silicide NWs depending systematically on their widths, which consist of two distinct structural elements along the wires. The structure of a wide wire can be understood from that of a two dimensional silicide. Based on these STM observations, we propose new structure models of Gd silicide NWs.11Ysciescopu
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