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On Song Yu Complex of Liu Yong
Full text link羁旅行役词和歌妓词是柳永《乐章集》的两大主要题材类型。前者常常出现悲秋情绪,后者屡屡出现“云雨”意象。而悲秋题材与云雨意象都是战国时代宋玉所奠定,且柳永常常以宋玉自况,集中多次出现“宋玉”字眼。通过分析,可以发现柳永由于独特的身世遭遇,使其对宋玉产生了强烈的情感共鸣,并深深地认同宋玉,有着“宋玉情结”。There are two basical themes in Liu Yong's The Collection of Movement.One was written during his travelling everywhere wildly,which can often make people feel his sadness when autumn comes;the other described the singing girls(prostitutes),which can frequently make people see the image of "Clouds and Rain"(sexual intercourse).The themes were created by Song Yu who lived in theWarring States Period,but at the same time,we can often see the words of "Song Yu"in Liu Yong's poems.By careful analysis,we can find that the special experience made Liu Yong strongly resonated on Song Yu,and had the complex of Song Yu
Fig. 3. Russula fusiformata Y in Species of Russula subgenus Heterophyllidiae (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) from Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve
No full textFig. 3. Russula fusiformata Y.Song sp. nov., holotype (GDGM75333). a. Basidia. b. Pleurocystidia. c. Cheilocystidia. d. Pileocystidia. e. Caulocystidia. f. Pileipellis. Scale bars = 10 μm.Published as part of Song, Yu, 2022, Species of Russula subgenus Heterophyllidiae (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) from Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, pp. 1-32 in European Journal of Taxonomy 826 on page 13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1831, http://zenodo.org/record/668660
Song Yu 宋玉 et la naissance de la poésie érotique en Chine
No full textSong Yu and the Birth of Erotic Poetry in China
Song Yu (ca. 332– ca. 284 or ca. 298– ca. 222 BCE) emerges as the most outstanding heir of Qu Yuan (ca. 343– ca. 279 BCE). Many “ rhapsodies” (fu 賦 ), are attributed to him in literary anthologies and dynastic histories. Even though the authorship of many of them has been called into question, we nowadays agree to see the touch and the style of this great poet standing in the shadow of the immortal master Qu Yuan from Chu. This person appeared as someone intensely focused on the fairer sex as well as having an indisputable poetic talent. His Epicureanism led him to denounce the hypocrisy of the Confucianists on the subject of erotic relations, as for example in the rhapsody on the Master Dengtu. But most importantly, Song Yu was the first to address the issue of sexual relations directly by clearly evoking the desires not only of men but also those of women. Through works as innovative as the “ Gaotang fu” or the “Shennü fu” and in many prose-poems, Song Yu inserted himself in the discourse and expressed the complexity of the relationships between prince and courtesan, as well as the explicit manifestations of feminine erotic desire that preceded the play of “clouds and rain,” the famous expression of which he is the immortal author. He was the creator of true erotic poetry, the poetry that depicts the bodies, the foreplay of seduction, and the ultimate sexual union, although within the limits the morality of the time allowed. The long line of the Han and Six Dynasties poets followed by the poets of the Tang would pay the homage due to him for this reason and so many others as one of the first true poets of pre-imperial China.Song Yu 宋 玉 (~ 332-~ 284 ou ~ 298-~ 222) passe pour le plus remarquable héritier de Qu Yuan 屈 原 (~ 343-~ 279). De fort nombreuses «rhapsodies» , fu 賦 , lui sont attribuées par les anthologies littéraires et les histoires dynastiques. Même si la paternité de nombre d’entre elles a été remise en cause, on s’accorde aujourd’hui à y voir la patte et le style de ce grand poète tenu dans l’ombre du maître immortel que fut Qu Yuan de Chu 楚 . Le personnage passait pour fort porté sur la gent féminine et disposer d’un indiscutable talent poétique. Son épicurisme le porta à dénoncer l’hypocrisie des confucianistes en matière de relations érotiques, comme dans la rhapsodie écrite sur maître Dengtu. Mais surtout, Song Yu est le premier à traiter la question des rapports sexuels de façon si directe en évoquant clairement le désir non seulement chez les hommes mais chez les femmes. À travers des pièces aussi novatrices que le Gaotang fu 高 唐 賦 , le Shennü fu 神 女 賦 et tant de poèmes en prose, Song Yu se met en scène et exprime la complexité des relations entre prince et courtisan, ainsi que les manifestations explicites du désir érotique féminin qui précèdent les jeux «de nuages et de pluie» (expression fameuse dont il est l’impérissable auteur). Avec lui naît la poésie érotique proprement dite, celle qui peint les corps, les manoeuvres d’approche de la séduction et l’union sexuelle, autant que la morale de l’époque le permettait. La longue lignée des poètes de fu des Han et des Six Dynasties, puis celle des Tang, lui rendra l’hommage qui lui était dû à ce titre et à tant d’autres, comme étant l’un des tout premiers poètes de la Chine préimpériale.雷 米 － 馬 修 (Rémi Mathieu) : 宋 玉 與 中 國 情 慾 詩 之 誕 生 宋 玉 被 視 為 屈 原 最 傑 出 的 繼 承 人 。 詩 選 集 和 各 朝 代 歷 史 都 認 為 他 是 多 種 賦 的 作 者 。 即 使 那 些 賦 當 中 有 很 多 已 被 質 疑 作 者 可 能 不 是 宋 玉 ， 今 日 人 們 都 同 意 那 些 賦 作 品 裡 的 確 有 宋 玉 這 位 大 詩 人 的 手 法 和 風 格 ； 宋 玉 向 來 居 於 楚 國 屈 原 這 位 長 久 不 死 的 大 師 的 陰 影 之 下 。 宋 玉 被 認 為 非 常 喜 歡 女 性 ， 肯 定 懷 有 詩 才 。 他 的 享 樂 態 度 促 使 他 揭 發 儒 家 對 情 慾 所 持 的 虛 偽 ， 就 如 他 寫 的 那 首 有 關 登 徒 的 賦 。 宋 玉 是 第 一 位 以 直 接 方 式 處 理 性 關 係 的 詩 人 ， 他 非 但 明 顯 地 書 寫 男 性 的 性 慾 ， 還 表 露 女 性 的 性 慾 。 通 過 創 新 的 賦 ， 例 如 《 高 唐 賦 》 、 《 神 女 賦 》 以 及 多 種 賦 作 ， 宋 玉 親 自 上 台 以 表 達 君 主 和 妓 之 間 的 複 雜 關 係 ， 也 明 顯 地 表 現 “ 雲 雨 ” 之 前 的 女 性 性 慾 （ 宋 玉 是 永 不 消 逝 的 “ 雲 雨 ” 作 家 ） 。 從 他 開 始 就 產 生 了 純 粹 的 情 慾 詩 ， 描 寫 身 體 、 挑 逗 手 法 和 性 交 過 程 ， 只 要 他 的 時 代 能 准 許 的 ， 他 都 盡 力 做 了 。 漢 、 六 朝 和 唐 所 延 續 的 漫 長 賦 傳 承 因 此 向 宋 玉 致 敬 ， 視 他 為 先 秦 最 早 的 詩 人 之 一 。Mathieu Rémi. Song Yu 宋玉 et la naissance de la poésie érotique en Chine. In: Études chinoises, vol. 36, n°2,2017. pp. 17-44
Pardosa tesquorumoides Song & Yu 1990
No full textPardosa tesquorumoides Song & Yu, 1990 Figs 5 –6, 21, 27, 83– 93, 116 Pardosa tesquorumoides Song & Yu, 1990: 79, figs 10–13 (♂); Yin et al. 1997: 209, figs 98 a–e (♂); Song et al. 1999: 334, figs 199 B, J (♂); Song et al. 2001: 256, figs 159 A–D (♂); Hu 2001: 204, figs 104. 1 – 4 (♂). Type material. Holotype ♂ and allotype ♀ from CHINA, Qinghai: Menyuan. Originally placed in Bethune Medical University, now in Jinlin University, not examined. Paratype ♀ from CHINA, Sichuan: Batang, in IZAS, not examined. Material examined. CHINA: Sichuan: Kangding County, Mt. Zheduo Shan (30 ° 24 'N 101 ° 41 'E), 4200 m, 20 Aug. 1983 (IZAS), 13 2 ♀; Hongyuan County (32 ° 42 'N 102 ° 29 'E), 3000 m, 17 June 1985 (IZAS), 23 2 ♀. Remark. Types were not available to us but drawings of this species (references above) are adequate and well illustrate the species-specific characters in the copulatory organs. Diagnosis. Males can be distinguished from other members of the group by the configuration of the large tegular apophysis (Figs 83, 93) and the distinct, protruding, hooked terminal apophysis (Figs 85, 90). Females can be easily recognized by the amphoral shape of the epigynal septum (Figs 21, 88), which does not fill out the epigynal cavities in the anterior half (cf. P. zyuzini sp. nov.) and the somewhat protruding condition of the anterior part of the septal stem. Description. Male (from Sichuan, Hongyuan County). Total length 4.9. Carapace 2.65 long, 1.90 wide. Prosoma. Carapace (Fig. 5) dusky brown with yellowish brown median band in thoracic part and yellow brown lateral, unbroken bands. Thoracic part with recumbent black hairs, in bands also with whitish hairs. Clypeus dusky yellowish. Chelicerae dusky yellowish with greyish streaks; hairs dark; retromargin with 2 teeth (in one male one chelicera with 2 the other with 3 teeth). Sternum yellowish grey with numerous light hairs and a few dark, erect ones. Eyes. Width of row I 40 (slightly procurved when seen from in front), row II 61, row III 80, row II–III 59. Diameter of AME 9, ALE 8, PME 23, PLE 18. Distance between AMEs 6, between AME and ALE 2. Opisthosoma. Dorsum (Fig. 5) greyish, with dark-bordered greyish-brown lanceolate stripe. Longitudinal greyish-yellow band encompassing lanceolate stripe, posteriorly formed by pairs of greyish yellow spots or, when confluent, bars. Each spot laterad dark greyish and with a stout, erect black hair in the middle. Dorsum with black hairs and, in lighter parts, with recumbent light hairs. Venter light greyish brown with recumbent light hairs. Legs (Table 1). Yellowish brown. Fe dorsally more or less sooty with longitudinal yellowish markings. Leg I without deviant pilosity. TiI with 2 retrolateral spines. Palp (Figs 83 –87, 90– 93). Pt 0.50, Ti 0.45, Cy 1.05. Fe and Ti sooty brown with longitudinal dusky yellowish streaks, Pt dorsally dusky yellowish, Cy in basal part sooty brown, in distal part brown. All segments with dark hairs. Tegular apophysis stout, long and evenly curved (Figs 83, 93). Terminal part with hooked terminal apophysis (Figs 85 –87, 90– 92). Conductor as in Figs 90–91. Basal paleal process small, triangle-shaped (Figs 85, 90– 91). Embolus laminar, grooved along its length, ventral edge turned forwards except distally, tip truncated with shallow concavity (Figs 85 –86, 90, 92). Female (from Sichuan, Kangding County). Total length 5.4. Carapace 2.70 long, 2.05 wide. Prosoma and opisthosoma (Fig. 6). Coloration lighter and pattern more contrasting than in the male. Carapace with bright yellow median band and yellow unbroken lateral bands. Clypeus yellow. Chelicerae yellow with slightly darker veins; retromargin with 2 teeth. Abdomen patterned as in the male, lanceolate stripe, median band (incl. spots) and venter yellowish. Eyes. Width of row I 41 (slightly procurved when seen from in front), row II 56, row III 74, row II–III 56. Diameter of AME 9, ALE 8, PME 21, PLE 17. Distance between AMEs 6, between AME and ALE 2. Legs (Table 1). Pt–Ta light brownish with very faint traces of annulation. Fe yellowish brown with dark blotches dorsally and very faint greyish tinge laterally and ventrally. Epigyne (Figs 21, 27, 88–89). Septum elongated, amphoral-shaped, narrow in anterior half, abruptly widened in posterior half. Edges of lateral elevations marked. Spermathecae ovoid (Fig. 89). Size variation. Carapace length: males 2.45–2.65 (n= 3), females 2.55–2.85 (n= 4). Habitat. Not known. Distribution (Fig. 116). According to Song et al. (1999, 2001), P. tesquorumoides should occur in Mongolia and China (Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan). However, this species seems to be confined to high altitudes, so records from Xinjiang and Beijing are questionable and need confirmation. Records of this species from Xinjiang may refer to P. z y u z i n i sp. nov. Records from Inner Mongolia (Song et al. 1999) and from Mongolia (Song & Yu 1990) probably refer to a misinterpretation of Schenkel's illustration (1963, fig. 208 b), which in fact shows an epigyne of P. z y u z i n i sp. nov.Published as part of Kronestedt, Torbjörn & Marusik, Yuri M., 2011, Studies on species of Holarctic Pardosa groups (Araneae, Lycosidae). VII. The Pardosa tesquorum group, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3131 on pages 20-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.39964
UNIK-PMA: A unifier of optimization model with rule-based systems by the post-model analysis
No full textPost-Model Analysis (PMA) is a framework that unifies an optimization model with a rule-based system and enables the multi-objective decision modeling that considers both numeric and symbolic objectives and decision variables. In this research, we have developed a system UNIK-PMA that implements the PMA procedure on the knowledge-assisted optimization modeler UNIK-OPT and a backward chaining rule-based system UNIK-BWD. This paper particularly elaborates the process of generating constraints of the linear programming model from the rule-based goals, which is a crucial step of PMA. UNIK-PMA is illustrated with an example of aggregate production planning
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The barracudina genera Lestidium and Lestrolepis of Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae)
No full textHo, Hsuan-Ching, Tsai, Song-Yu, Li, Hsing-Hui (2019): The barracudina genera Lestidium and Lestrolepis of Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae). Zootaxa 4702 (1): 114-139, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4702.1.1
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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