1,178 research outputs found
Writing and the rights of reality: usurpation and potentiality in Derrida, Plato, Nietzsche, and Beckett
Get PDFThe thesis critically evaluates Jacques Derrida's conferral of the rights of reality on writing, focussing on his theory of an arche-text in light of the speculative nature of this theory. The theory is initially considered in the context of Derrida's elucidation of the usurpatory status of writing within the Platonic and Nietzschean texts. This consideration reveals an admission of writing's usurpatory status by both writers while at the same time demonstrating their awareness of the intrinsically speculative nature of this view, the significance of writing lying in its ability to exteriorise the radically indeterminate status of consciousness m relation to reality rather than its ability to displace consciousness or reality The analyses, therefore, not only bring the Derridean hypothesis of a repressive or phonocentric metaphysical episteme into question but also exhibit the historical and philosophical role of potentiality in relation to writing, writing's ultimate significance lying in its capacity to exteriorise our existence as a mode of potentiality. Accordingly, in the second half of the thesis the Derridean theory of writing is countered with a specifically Aristotelian theory of the text as it is exhibited in the prose of Samuel Beckett, an author whose significance lies in his close alignment with Derridean theory within contemporary criticism. It is demonstrated that this identification has obviated an awareness of the significance of potentiality within the Beckettian text, his work consequently being appraised in the previously neglected context of Aristotelian metaphysics
Samuel Beckett and the Writers of Port-Royal
Get PDFIt has been observed that ‘the literary influences on Beckett have been far more important than has been acknowledged, and more important indeed, than the philosophical influences’ (Smith 2002: 3). The truth of this statement is evidenced by the description that scholars have given of Samuel Beckett’s relationship to seventeenth century French classicism. To date, critical interest has been limited for the most part to the figure of the philosopher René Descartes on the (fragile) grounds that Beckett was exclusively concerned with the Cartesian imperative of clarity and order, the fundamental dualism between body and mind, and Nominalism.
Together with the assumption that Beckett’s vision was essentially Cartesian, his literary filiation with Pascal was suggested by critics, but only in terms of Beckett’s formal approach to the theatre. In his short article on En attendant Godot in 1953, the playwright Jean Anouilh was among the first reviewers to suggest that Beckett’s drama synthesizes the encounter between ‘classicism’ and a ‘modern’ form of art. It is well known that Beckett retained a lifelong admiration for Pascal – indeed, Pascal was one of his ‘old chestnuts’ (Knowlson 1997: 653). Little attention has been paid, however, to the originality of Pascal’s thought, the specific nature of his prose, and the impact these might have had upon Beckett’s mature work, especially the trilogy and the subsequent short prose. Yet, in the literary and philosophical context of post-war France, Beckett’s filiation with Pascal, their corresponding preoccupations, were evident to his contemporaries, who identified Pascal as an underlying presence in his works
Poética da penúria: a ator beckettiano
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2013.O objeto deste estudo é refletir sobre os principais dispositivos da poética beckettiana, os testemunhos de atores históricos que trabalharam sob a direção de Samuel Beckett para propor alguns caminhos de composição de um ator particular, que, com experiências de uma preparação dramatúrgica, condensaria um corpo em penúria. Para isso, investigamos algumas das características da obra beckettiana como a influência minimalista sobre suas peças tardias, a musicalidade que permeia o seu texto teatral e a imobilidade imposta à suas personagens. Mergulhamos no íntimo dessas personagens, com a finalidade de, através do levantamento dos principais traços absorvidos pelo ator beckettiano, estabelecer relações com o ator pós-dramático. A fim de confrontar as referências estudadas, propusemo-nos a encenar o espetáculo Inomináveis # coletivo Beckett, uma reunião das peças Play, Not I, Rough for theatre I e Footfalls. Consideramos e aferimos nossas hipóteses através de depoimentos cedidos pelos atores envolvidos em nossa encenação This work aims to study the most important tools of Samuel Beckett#s art, the testimony of historical actors who worked under his direction to propose possible ways of formation a particular actor that would condensate a body in a state of penury using experiences from dramaturgical preparation. We observed some characteristics of Beckett#s work as an influence of the Minimalism in his last plays, the musicality in his theatrical texts and the immobility of his characters. We studied the characters in depth to clear relations with the post-dramatic actors by mean of recognizing the most important features of actors involved with Samuel Beckett. In order to confront our references, we put forward a staging: Inomináveis # coletivo Beckett, a sequence of Play, Not I, Rough for theatre I and Footfalls. We investigated and assessed our hypotheses using testimonies of the actors involved in our staging
The dramatic works of Samuel Foote : to which is prefixed a life of the author.
No full textEditions vary.v.1 Taste -- The Englishman in Paris -- The author -- The Englishman returned from Paris -- The knights -- The mayor of Garrat -- The orators -- The minor -- The lyar -- The patron -- v.2 The commissary -- The lame lover -- The bankrupt -- The cozeners -- The maid of Bath -- The nabob -- The devil upon two sticks -- A trip to Calais -- The Capuchin.Mode of access: Internet
Vocal works of Samuel Barber
No full textMain purpose of this work is to present vocal works of Samuel Barber who is considered to be one of the most important and honoured American composers of the twentieth century. Despite this fact Czech musicological literature has mentioned Barber very rarely so far. Therefore this work relies on foreign information sources, especially on Barbara B.Heyman´s monograph Samuel Barber - The Composer and His Music. Besides, the author had in disposal number of Barber´s recordings and scores which enabled her to explore Barber´s music more thoroughly. The first chapter describes Barber´ s biography in context with his artistic development. The rest of work focuses on his vocal works for solo voice and last topic is his operas
The dramatic works of Samuel Foote, esq.
No full textIndividual plays assembled from various publishers, 1760-1807, with t.-p. for each.v. 1 The author, a new edition 1782. The bankrupt, 1776. The commissary. 3rd ed. 1773. The cozeners, 1778. The devil upon two sticks, 1778. The englishman in Paris, 1763.--v. 2 The englishman returned from Paris, being the sequel to The englishman in Paris, 3rd ed. 1780. The knights, 1807. The lame lover, 1770. The minor, 2d. ed. 1760. The lyar, 1776. The Mayor of Garret, 1764. The maid of Bath.--v. 3 The nabob, 1778. The orators, 1780. The patron, 4th ed. 1781. A trip to Calais, 1778. The Capuchin. Taste, 4th ed. 1778.Mode of access: Internet
Autoexoticism with Promotional Purposes? Samuel-Henri Berthoud and Provincial Literary Ruse in Nineteenth-Century France
No full text“There speaks the provincial!”—Goncharov, The Same Old StoryIn nineteenth-century france, the so-called province, denoting everything outside Paris, was considered a foreign land by Parisian writers, who often constructed it as an exotic space. When we deal with this kind of provincial exoticism, however, considering this perspective alone risks painting an incomplete picture of the French literary field. Through the example of Samuel-Henri Berthoud, an author from the north of France, my intention here is to shed light on autoexoticist practices by indigenous provincial writers and to explore how they actively reclaimed, fostered, and enhanced exotic constructions about their provinces. Indeed, a wealth of evidence supports my argument that their acceptance of hegemonic constructions from the dominant culture was not passive but rather an active and creative reappropriation. This essay also challenges the idea of a stable hegemonic cultural center around which the marginal authors and literary works gravitate. Before tackling these issues, let us take a step back and briefly survey the particular value of provincial France at the beginning of the nineteenth century.</jats:p
Songs and ballads, by Samuel Lover. Including those sung in his "Irish evenings", and hitherto unpublished.
No full text3d ed., with additions, corrected by the author.1 p.l., [v]-xiv p., 1 l., 224 p
Experimentální studium teploty elektronů a iontů v impaktovém plazmatu
No full textNázov práce: Experimentálna štúdia teploty elektrónov a iónov v impaktovej plazme Autor: Samuel Kočiščák Katedra: Katedra fyziky povrchů a plazmatu - KFPP Vedúci bakalárskej práce: doc. RNDr. Jiří Pavlů, Ph.D., KFPP Abstrakt: In-situ analýza dopadu zrna je mnohotvarou disciplínou a detekcia pra- chu v kozme sa opiera o celý rad fyzikálnych javov. Azda najdôležitejším javom je impaktová ionizácia. Budúce experimenty môžu využiť vo svoj prospech lepšie po- chopenie deja, ktorý sa po dopade zrna na pevný povrch odohráva. Cieľom práce bola štúdia deja impaktovej ionizácie sama o sebe, s konkrétnym cieľom: experi- mentálne určiť efektívnu teplotu nabitých častíc po dopade. Napriek dôležitosti tohto parametra, výsledky rôznych experimentálnych prístupov sa navzájom zá- sadne líšia. Našou cestou bolo analyzovať efektívnu teplotu v zapojení analyzátora s brzdným poľom. Práca pozostáva z analýzy meraní vykonaných na prachovom urýchľovači a Monte Carlo analýzy parametrov analyzátora. Na základe zistení formulujeme odporúčania pre budúce kozmické experimnty. Kľúčové slová: dopadová plazma vesmírny prach ionizácia dopadomTitle: Experimental study of electron and ion temperatures in impact plasmas Author: Samuel Kočiščák Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science - DSPS Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jiří Pavlů, Ph.D., DSPS Abstract: In-situ analysis of a hypervelocity grain impact is a complex discipline, making use of multiple physical phenomena. An important one, if not the most important one, being a dust impact ionisation. Future experiments could benefit substantially from better understanding of the phenomenon. The goal of this work was a study of the impact ionisation per-se, with the objective: to experimentally determine the effective temperatures of post-impact charged ejecta. Importance of this parameter is obvious, although different approaches scarcely ever report similar results. Our way was the analysis in a retarding potential analyzer. Firstly, large data set of laboratory data from dust accelerator was analyzed, secondly a Monte Carlo study of the results and the analyzer itself was performed. Lastly, recommendations for future in-situ experiments are provided based on our results. Keywords: impact plasmas cosmic dust impact ionizationDepartment of Surface and Plasma ScienceKatedra fyziky povrchů a plazmatuMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
Comparison of translations of generative artificial intelligence
No full textThe main goal of this bachelor thesis is to compare the ability of generative artificial intelligence in the translation of text against the capabilities of neural machine translation. To achieve this goal, the author presents both technologies' history, basic principles, advantages, and disadvantages. As partial objectives the author examines the impact of the field of the text, the length of the text, and the direction of translation, into Czech and English, on the quality of translation. Methods of measuring the quality of translation were introduced, namely human, automated, and a combination of both approaches. The ChrF and HTER metrics, which were used in the author's empirical work, were introduced. Texts in four different fields and four different lengths were chosen for evaluation of the quality of translation. A total of eighty texts were compared in six different popular services. There were three neural machine translation services and three generative AI services. The author found that the current popular approach to translation, neural machine translation, has better results. Still, one of the generative AI services evaluated, ChatGPT-4, outperformed one of the selected neural machine translation services in the results of the author's human evaluation. According to the author's results, the quality of the translation depends on the field of the text and the direction of the translation. Specific monitored fields have significantly better results according to both metrics, and translations into English have better results than translations into Czech in all observed values. In the case of the impact of text length on the quality of the translation, the results show that the author's chosen lengths do not significantly impact the translation quality. However, as the length increases, the proportion of translations that have errors from different services increases, i.e., the number of translations of the exact text from various services that need at least one modification increases with the length. The questionnaire survey showed results similar to those found by the author.Hlavním cílem této bakalářské práce je porovnání schopnosti generativní umělé inteligence překládat text proti schopnostem neuronovému strojovému překladu. Pro dosažení tohoto cíle je představena historie, základní principy, výhody a nevýhody obou technologií. Jako dílčí cíle jsou zkoumány dopady oboru textu, délky textu a směru překladu, do češtiny a do angličtiny, na kvalitu překladu. Byly představeny způsoby měření kvality překladu, a to lidské, automatizované a spojení obou přístupů. Představeny byly metriky ChrF a HTER, které byly použity v empirické práci autora. Pro hodnocení kvality byly zvoleny texty ve čtyřech různých oborech a čtyřech různých délkách. Celkem bylo porovnáno osmdesát textů v šesti různých populárních službách. Jednalo se o tři služby neuronového strojového překladu a tři služby generativní umělé inteligence. Autor zjistil, že stávající populární přístup k překladu, neurální strojový překlad, má lepší výsledky. Přesto jedna ze sledovaných služeb generativní umělé inteligence, ChatGPT-4, překonala výsledky autorem dělaného lidského hodnocení jedné ze zvolených služeb neuronového strojového překladu. Dle autorových výsledků záleží na oboru textu a směru překladu při hodnocení kvality překladu. Jisté sledované obory mají významně lepší výsledky dle obou metrik a překlady do angličtiny mají ve všech sledovaných hodnotách lepší výsledky než výsledky překladu do češtiny. V případě dopadu délky textu na kvalitu překladu ukazují výsledky v autorově zvolených délkách na to, že délka nemá významný dopad na kvalitu překladu. Při růstu délky ale roste poměr chybných překladů z různých služeb, tedy s délkou roste počet překladů stejného textu od různých služeb, které potřebují alespoň jednu úpravu. Z dotazníkového šetření vyplynuly výsledky podobné těm nalezeným autorem
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