1,720,968 research outputs found
Sesquiterpene And Polyacetylene Profile Of The Bidens Pilosa Complex (asteraceae: Heliantheae) From Southeast Of Brazil
No full textThe pantropical weed Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae) is a species with several taxonomic problems. Recently it has been shown to be a complex of different species. To shed light on this problem in Brazil, dichloromethane extract of leaves of several populations corresponding to three proposed species for the complex in southeastern Brazil (B. pilosa, Bidens alba and Bidens subalternans) were analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty-four substances were detected, of which four resemble polyacetylenes, the others sesquiterpenes. Five sesquiterpenes tentatively identified as E-caryophyllene, α-humulene, germacrene-D, bicyclogermacrene and α-muurolene were found in all three Bidens species. The polyacetylene phenylhepta-1,3,5-triyne was identified only in B. alba. Multivariate analysis (cluster and principal component analyses) separated the three entities, suggesting that these compounds could represent a useful tool to distinguish species in the B. pilosa complex. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.335479486Adams, R.P., (1995) Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectroscopy, , Allured Publishing Corporation Illinois, USAAlvarez, L., Marquina, S., Villarreal, M.L., Alonso, D., Aranda, E., Delgado, G., Bioactive polyacetylenes from Bidens pilosa (1996) Planta Med., 62, pp. 355-357Ballard, R., Bidens pilosa complex (Asteraceae) in North and Central America (1986) Am. J. Bot., 73, pp. 1452-1465Cabrera, A.L., Flora ilustrada de Entre-Rios (Argentina) (1974) Colección Científica del INTA, Buenos Aires, 6, pp. 106-554Cantonwine, E.G., Downum, K.R., Phenylheptatriyne variation in Bidens alba var. radiata leaves (2001) J. Chem. Ecol., 27, pp. 313-326Van Den Dool, H., Kratz, P.D., A generalization of the retention index system including linear temperature programmed gas-liquid partition chromatography (1963) J. Chromatogr., 11, pp. 463-471Geissberger, P., Séquin, U., Constituents of Bidens pilosa L.: Do the components found so far explain the use of this plant in traditional medicine? (1991) Acta Trop., 48, pp. 251-261Grombone-Guaratini, M.T., Mansanares, M.E., Semir, J., Solferini, V.N., Chromosomal studies of three species of Bidens (L.) (Asteraceae) Gen. Mol. Biol., , submitted for publication-aGrombone-Guaratini, M.T., Semir, J., Solferini, V.N., Low allozymic variation in Bidens pilosa L. complex (Asteraceae) Biochem. Genet., , submitted for publication-bGrombone-Guaratini, M.T., Solferini, V.N., Semir, J., Reproductive biology in three Bidens L. species (Asteraceae) (2004) Sci. Agricola, 61, pp. 185-189Jansen, R.K., Stuessy, T.F., Piedrahita, S.D., Funk, V.A., Recuentos cromosómicos de Compositae de Colombia (1984) Caldasia, 14, pp. 7-20Legendre, P., Legendre, L., (1998) Numerical Ecology, , second ed. Elsevier New YorkLeitão Filho, H.F., Aranha, C., Bacchi, O., (1975) Plantas Invasoras de Culturas No Estado de São Paulo, , HUCITEC São Paulo, BrazilMagenta, M.A.G., (1998) As Subtribos Ambrosiinae, Galinsoginae e Coreopsidinae (Heliantheae - Asteraceae) No Estado de São Paulo, , Tese de Mestrado, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilMoraes, M.D., (1997) A Família Asteraceae Na Planície Litorânea de Picinguaba, Município de Ubatuba - São Paulo, , Tese de Mestrado, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, BrazilNorton, R.A., Towers, G.H.N., Synthesis of polyacetylenes in tumor callus of Bidens alba (1985) J. Plant Physiol., 120, pp. 273-283Norton, R.A., Towers, G.H.N., Factors affecting synthesis of polyacetylenes in root cultures of Bidens alba (1986) J. Plant Physiol., 122, pp. 41-53Sherff, E.E., The genus Bidens (1937) Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. Ser., 16, pp. 16-484Solbrig, O.T., Kyhos, D.W., Raven, P.H., Powell, M., Chromosome number in Compositae. 8. Heliantheae (1972) Am. J. Bot., 59, pp. 869-87
The Influence Of Size On The Radula Of Littoraria Angulifera (gastropoda: Littorinidae)
No full textWe evaluated the radula shape of Littoraria angulifera from mangroves and rocky shores on the Brazilian coast. We compared snails sampled in a mangrove and on a rocky shore located about 100 m apart, and also from locations hundreds of km apart. Smaller individuals sampled on rocky shores have elongated cusps, whereas larger individuals have subequal cusps, similar to those observed in mangrove specimens. Distinct factors in each environment might exert different effects on the radula shape of L. angulifera. The greater morphological diversity observed on the rocky shores might be due to the heterogeneity of algae composition and partitioning of resources, a hypothesis that can be tested in further studies.49115Andrade, S.C.S., Solferini, V.N., Transfer experiment suggests environmental effects on the radula of Littoraria flava (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) (2006) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 72 (1), pp. 111-116Fujioka, Y., Systematic evaluation of radular characters in Thaidinae (Gastropoda: Muricidae) (1985) Journal of Science of Hiroshima University, 31, pp. 235-287. , (B)[1 -Zoology]Gallagher, S.B., Reid, G.K., Reproductive behavior and early development in Littorina scabra angulifera and Littorina irrorata (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia) in the Tampa Bay region of Florida (1974) Malacological Review, 7 (2), pp. 105-125Isarankura, K., Runham, N.W., Studies on the replacement of the gastropod radula (1968) Malacologia, 7 (1), pp. 71-91Ito, A., Ilano, A.S., Nakao, S., Seasonal and tidal height variations in body weight and radular length in Nodilittorina radiata (Eydoux and Souleyet, 1852) (2002) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 68 (3), pp. 197-203Kawamura, T., Takami, H., Roberts, R.D., Yamashita, Y., Radula development in abalone Haliotis discus hannai from larva to adult in relation to feeding transitions (2001) Fisheries Science, 67, pp. 596-605Kohlmeyer, J., Bebout, B., On the occurrence of marine fungi in diet of Littoraria angulifera and observations on the behavior of the periwinkle (1986) Marine Ecology - Pubbli-cazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli I, 7 (4), pp. 333-343Merkt, R.E., Ellison, A.M., Geographic and habit-specific morphological variation of Littoraria (Littorinopsis) angulifera (Lamarck, 1822) (1998) Malacologia, 40 (1-2), pp. 279-295Mutlu, E., Sexual dimorphisms in radula of Conomurex persicus (Gastropoda: Strombidae) in the Mediterranean Sea (2004) Marine Biology, 145, pp. 693-698Nybakken, J., Ontogenetic change in the Conus radula, its form distribution among the radular types, and significance in systematics and ecology (1990) Malacologia, 32 (1), pp. 35-54Padilla, D.K., Structural resistance of algae to herbivores. Abiomechanical approach (1985) Marine Biology, 90, pp. 103-109Padilla, D.K., Algal structural defenses: Form and calcification in resistance to tropical limpets (1989) Ecology, 70 (4), pp. 835-842Padilla, D.K., Inducible phenotypic plasticity of the radula in Lacuna (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) (1998) The Veliger, 41 (2), pp. 201-204Padilla, D.K., Form and function of radular teeth of herbivorous molluscs: Focus on the future (2004) American Malacological Bulletin, 18 (1-2), pp. 163-168Padilla, D.K., Dittman, D.E., Franz, J., Sladek, R., Radular production rates in two species of Lacuna Turton (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) (1996) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 62 (3), pp. 275-280Reid, D.G., The littorinid molluscs of mangrove forests in the Indo-pacific region (1986) The Genus Littoraria, 227p. , British Museum (Natural History), LondonReid, D.G., (1996) Systematics and Evolution of Littorina, 456p. , Ray Society, LondonReid, D.G., The genus Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in tropical eastern Pacific (1999) The Veliger, 42 (1), pp. 21-53Reid, D.G., New data on the taxonomy and distribution of the genus Littoraria Griffith and Pidgeon, 1834 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in Indo-West Pacific mangrove forests (2001) The Nautilus, 115 (4), pp. 115-139Reid, D.G., Mak, Y.M., Indirect evidence for ecophenotypic plasticity in radular dentition of Littoraria species (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) (1999) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 65 (3), pp. 355-370Sokal, R.R., Rohlf, F.J., (1995) Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research, 3rd Ed., 887p. , Freemam, New YorkTrussell, G.C., Phenotypic clines, plasticity, and morphological trade-offs in an intertidal snail (2000) Evolution, 54 (1), pp. 151-16
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Transfer Experiment Suggests Environmental Effects On The Radula Of Littoraria Flava (gastropoda: Littorinidae)
No full textPhenotypic variation in radulae has been studied in several littorinid species because of this organ's intrinsic relationship with diet and, consequently, with the environment. In this work, we compared the radulae of the Brazilian species Littoraria flava found in mangroves and on rocky shores. Individuals of L. flava showed marked differences in the shape of the cusps among samples from rocky shore and mangrove. In a transfer experiment, the shape of the radula changed within 40 days. A different response was observed in individuals transferred to mangrove, where two different phenotypes were found, suggesting either intrapopulational variation in the responses to change of environmental conditions, or that some snails showed a slow reaction to the environmental changes. The alterations could be attributed to ecophenotypic plasticity. Analysis of variance showed that the length of the radula in L. flava was strongly influenced by the substrate (F6,22 = 17.13, P < 0.000), but apparently not by the transfer experiment. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Studies on behalf of The Malacological Society of London, all rights reserved.721111116Bandel, K., Studies on Littorinidae from the Atlantic (1974) Veliger, 17, pp. 92-114Bandel, K., Kadolsky, D., Western Atlantic species of Nodilittorina (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): comparative morphology and its functional, ecological, phylogenetic and taxonomic implications (1982) Veliger, 25, pp. 1-42Bleakney, J.S., Indirect evidence of a morphological response in the radula of Placida dendritica (Alder & Hancock, 1843) (Opistobranchia: Ascoglossa/Sacoglossa) to different algal prey (1990) Veliger, 33, pp. 111-115Christensen, J.T., Diet in Littoraria (1998) Hydrobiologia, 378, pp. 235-236Fujioka, Y., Systematic evaluation of radular characters in Thaidinae (Gastropoda: Muricidae) (1985) Journal of Science of Hiroshima University, Series B, Divison 1 (Zoology ), 31, pp. 235-287Gallagher, S.B., Reid, G.K., Reproductive behavior and early development in Littorina scabra angulifera and Littorina irrorata (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia) in the Tampa Bay region of Florida (1974) Malacological Review, 7, pp. 105-125Ihaka, R., Gentleman, R., R: A language for data analysis and graphics (1996) Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 5, pp. 299-314Isarankura, K., Runham, N.W., Studies on the replacement of the gastropod radula (1968) Malacologia, 7, pp. 71-91Ito, A., Ilano, A.S., Nakao, S., Seasonal and tidal height variations in body weight and radular length in Nodilittorina radiata (Eydoux and Souleyet, 1852) (2002) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 68, pp. 197-203Kohlmeyer, J., Bebout, B., On the occurrence of marine fungi in diet of Littoraria angulifera and observations on the behavior of the periwinkle (1986) Marine Ecology-Pubblicazioni Della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli I, 7, pp. 333-343Marchinko, K.B., Dramatic phenotypic plasticity in barnacle legs (Balanus glandula Darwin): Magnitude, age dependence, and speed of response (2003) Evolution, 57, pp. 1281-1290Padilla, D.K., Inducible phenotypic plasticity of the radula in Lacuna (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) (1998) Veliger, 41, pp. 201-204Padilla, D.K., Form and function of radular teeth of herbivorous molluscs: Locus on the future (2004) American Malacological Bulletin, 18, pp. 163-168Padilla, D.K., Dittman, D.E., Franz, J., Sladek, R., Radular production rates in two species of Lacuna Turton (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) (1996) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 62, pp. 275-280Reid, D.G., (1986) The Littorinid Molluscs of Mangrove Forests in the Indo-Pacific Region. The Genus Littoraria, , British Museum (Natural History), LondonReid, D.G., The comparative morphology, phylogeny and evolution of the gastropod family Littorinidae (1989) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 324, pp. 1-110Reid, D.G., (1996) Systematics and Evolution of Littorina, , Ray Society, LondonReid, D.G., The genus Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the tropical eastern Pacific (1999) Veliger, 42, pp. 21-53Reid, D.G., New data on the taxonomy and distribution of the genus Littoraria Griffith and Pidgeon, 1834 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in Indo-West Pacific mangrove forests (2001) Nautilus, 115, pp. 115-139Reid, D.G., Mak, Y.M., Indirect evidence for ecophenotypic plasticity in radular dentition of Littoraria species (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) (1999) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 65, pp. 355-370Rice, W.R., Analyzing tables of statistical tests (1989) Evolution, 43, pp. 223-225Rolan-Alvarez, E., Rolán, E., Johannesson, K., Differentiation in radular and embryonic characters, and further comments on gene flow, between two sympatric morphs of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) (1996) Ophelia, 45, pp. 1-15Rosewater, J., A close look at Littorina radulae (1980) Bulletin of the American Malacological Union, 1979, pp. 5-8Trussell, G.C., Phenotypic plasticity in the loot size of an intertidal snail (1997) Ecology, 78, pp. 1033-1048Trussell, G.C., Phenotypic clines, plasticity, and morphological trade-oils in an intertidal snail (2000) Evolution, 54, pp. 151-16
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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