170,251 research outputs found
Cymbella yerlii C. N. Solak, S. Blanco & N. Balkis-Ozdelice 2021, sp. nov.
No full textCymbella yerlii C.N.Solak, S.Blanco & N.Balkis-Ozdelice, sp. nov. (Figs 16–35) Description: Valves slightly to moderately dorsiventral, lanceolate, dorsal margin distinctly convex, ventral margin slightly tumid. Ends indistinctly protracted and rounded (Table 2). Length 31.8–45.8 μm, breadth 7.4–9.0 μm, maximal length/breadth ratio of the normal cells 5.3. Axial area narrow, linear, central area absent. Raphe slightly ventrally displaced, lateral, becoming filiform near the distal and filiform to weakly reverse-lateral near the proximal ends [type “ e ” according to Krammer (2002: Fig. 67: 3)]. Striae parallel at the central area, becoming slightly radiate near the ends, finely punctate. A distinct isolated 1–2 stigmata are visible just at the end of the central stria on the ventral side. In the SEM, 1–2 slit-like stigma foramina. Parallel arranged pore field alveoli only on the valve end. The margins of the stigma alveoli are provided with teeth-like structures. Striae in the middle portion (dorsal and ventral) 9–10/10 μm, rising to 13–15/10 μm towards the ends, puncta 24–28/10 μm. Type:— TURKEY, Sakarbaşı, Eskişehir (GPS 39°21’10.04’’N, 31°03’33.24’’E), 872 m a.s.l., collector: Cüneyt Nadir Solak 24.11.2019. Holotype: slide number 27354 (holotype designated here on Fig. 1) in the collection of Andrzej Witkowski at the University of Szczecin. Isotype:— Slide no. TR_ ESK _Sakarbası_ Nov2019 _EPF deposited at Kütahya Dumlupınar University (Turkey). Etymology:— The species was dedicated to Prof. Dr. Sedat YERLİ who is a hydrobiologist in Turkey. Differential diagnosis:— Cymbella parva (W. Smith) Kirchner in Cohn (1878: 188), C. perparva Krammer (2002: 37) and C. parviformis Krammer (2002: 38) and Cymbella tridentina H.Lange-Bertalot, M.Cantonati & A.Scalfi in Cantonati et al. (2010: 778) are similar taxa. Among them, C. parva is the most similar taxon in all related ones with similar outline. However, length/width ratio is higher in C. yerlii than the other taxa. In C. parviformis, striae density in dorsal and ventral sides are lower than C. yerlii. Regarding to the apices, the shape is non protracted and narrowly rounded in C. parva and C. parviformis while, indistindtly protracted and rounded in C. yerlii and C. parviformis. Distribution:— Observed only in the type locality. Ecology:— The water temperature ranged from 21.4–22.9 oC, pH was 7.8–7.9, dissolved oxygen (DO) was 5.2– 6.1 mg /L and electrolytic conductivity was 545–575 µS/ cm-1. Associated diatom flora:— Cymbella cymbiformis (21.2%), Encyonopsis minuta Krammer & E.Reichardt in Krammer (1997: 95) (10.5%), Amphora pediculus (Kützing) Grunow [described as Cymbella pediculus Kützing (1844: 80)] (5.3%), Navicula cryptotenella Lange-Bertalot in Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1985: 62) (4.1%), Eunotia arcubus Nörpel & Lange-Bertalot in Lange-Bertalot (1993: 24) (3.8%), Nitzschia gracilis Hantzsch (1860: 40) (2.9%), Staurosira construens Ehrenberg (1843: 424) (2.5%), Pseudostaurosira brevistriata (Grunow) D.M. Williams & Round (1988: 276) (2.2%), Staurosirella pinnata (Ehrenberg) D.M. Williams & Round (1988: 274) (1.9%), unidentified species of Brachysira Kützing, Cocconeis Ehrenberg, Pseudostaurosira D.M.Williams & Round and Sellaphora Kützing were the most frequent taxa in the sample.Published as part of Solak, Cüneyt Nadir, Balkis-Ozdelice, Neslihan, Yilmaz, Elif, Durmus, Turgay & Blanco, Saúl, 2021, Description of two new Cymbella (Bacillariophyta) species from Sakarbaşı spring, Turkey, pp. 195-206 in Phytotaxa 484 (2) on pages 199-202, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.484.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/542157
Some properties of wood plastic composites produced from heat treated wood material
No full textBu çalışmada lignoselülozik dolgu maddesi olarak Betulaceae (huşgiller)
familyasından Alnus gulutinesa subs. berbata (sakallı kızılağaç) türü kullanılmıştır.
Ağaç kesimi için Artvin Bölge Müdürlüğü’nün izni alınmış olup Artvin Merkez
Saçinka bölgesinden temin edilmiştir. Kullanılacak ağacı belirlerken ağacın hastalıklı
olmamasına, budak, çatlak, ur, lif kıvrıklığı gibi kusurların bulunmamasına dikkat
edilmiştir. Kesilen ağaçlardan odun örnekleri yerden 20-30 cm yükseklikten olmak
üzere 150 cm boyunda alınmıştır. Daha sonra Ormanlı kereste deposuna götürülerek
genişlik, kalınlık, uzunlukları sırasıyla, 12.5x2.5x150 cm olacak şekilde
boyutlandırılmıştır.
Polimer plastik olarak ise yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen (YYPE) kullanılmıştır.
Karaçam odunu kullanılan bir çalışmada 60, 120 ve 180 dakikalık sürelerde farklı
sıcaklıklarda (190, 200, 212 ve 225 °C) ısıl işlem yapılmış ve boyutsal kararlıktaki
değişmeler incelenmiştir. Huş odunu kullanılan bir çalışmada 3, 6 ve 9 saatlik
zamanlarda, 130, 160, 190 °C sıcaklıklarda ısıl işlem yapılmış ve eğilme direnci ve
elastikiyet modülündeki değişmeler incelenmiştir. Yapılan diğer çalışmada az
dayanaklı bir tür olan kavak odunu kullanılmıştır. Isıl işlem görmüş ve ısıl işlem
görmemiş örneklerdeki değişmeler belirtilmiştir.In this study, Alnus gulutinesa subs. berbata, A lignocellulosic filler of Betulaceae
family. Berbata (bearded alder) was used. The permission of the Artvin Regional
Directorate has been obtained for the felling of the trees and it has been obtained
from the Artvin Merkez Saçinka region. When determining the tree to be used, the
tree is not diseased, knots, cracks, tumor, fiber curvature, such as defects have been
observed. Wood samples from the trees were taken from the ground at a height of
20-30 cm and 150 cm in height. Then, it was taken to the forested timber storage and
was sized to be 12.5x2.5x150 cm in width, thickness and length, respectively.
High density polyethylene (HDPE) was used as polymer plastic. In a study using
larch wood, heat treatment was carried out at different temperatures (190, 200, 212
and 225 °C) for 60, 120 and 180 minutes and changes in dimensional stability were
investigated. In a study using birch wood, heat treatment was performed at
temperatures of 3, 6, and 9 hours and at temperatures of 130, 160, 190 °C and
variations in bending strength and elastic modulus were investigated. In a study,
poplar wood, a species with low resistance, was used. Variations in heat-treated and
non-heat-treated samples are indicated
A condensed Cretaceous succession from the Beyaz Aladağ Unit (Aladağlar, Eastern Taurides, South Türkiye): calpionellids and planktonic foraminiferal biozones
No full textThe Aladağlar region is located at the west end of the Eastern Taurides and is characterized by napped structures/thrust sheets. The thrust sheets named “Beyaz Aladağ” form the most prominent mountainous part of the Aladağlar to the east of the Ecemiş strike-slipe fault. A previously unidentified condensed pelagic succession was discovered in small outcrops which are difficult to access. This study describes the Cretaceous condensed pelagic succession and produces a biostratigraphic framework based on the present calpionellids and planktonic foraminiferal assemblages studied in thin sections. A complete Cretaceous succession was identified by combining different outcrops affected by regional tectonic and erosional processes. We define the Cretaceous succession as “a chaotic succession” that includes gravity slide limestone blocks and debris flow intercalations which constitute approximately half of the 50 m thick succession. In different localities, different stratigraphic intervals (Berriasian-Valanginian, Albian, and Turonian) of the Cretaceous succession unconformably overlie the Triassic-Lower Jurassic shallow marine platform carbonates. The succession is composed of pinkish and light beige colored, thin-bedded cherty pelagic limestones together with carbonate breccias and boulders mainly derived from Lower Jurassic shallow marine limestones. The Berriasian-Valanginian interval is characterized by the occurrence of abundant calpionellids, sparse radiolarians, and calcispheres. This interval is constrained by the presence of Calpionella gr. alpina/elliptica, Remaniella sp., and Crassicollaria sp. It is conformably overlain by an unfossiliferous interval which is considered Hauterivian-early Albian(?) in age since sedimentation seems to be continuous. The upper Albian-Coniacian interval is characterized by the presence of abundant and well-preserved planktonic foraminifera. The upper Albian Pseudothalmanninella ticinensis and Thalmanninella appenninica Zones and the upper Cenomanian Rotalipora cushmani Zone are distinguished. The Turonian-Coniacian interval is the most complex part of the succession because it also contains gravity-slide blocks of Albian and Cenomanian pelagic limestones as well as carbonate breccias. The Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica (lower-middle Turonian), Marginotruncana schneegansi (upper Turonian), and Dicarinella concavata Zones (upper Turonian-Coniacian) are identified in the Turonian-Coniacian interval. The condensed Cretaceous succession can be correlated in terms of tectonostratigraphic position, stratigraphy, and paleoenvironmental setting with the Boyalı Tepe unit in the Beyşehir-Hoyran nappes of the Central Taurides, with the Domuzdağ unit in the Lycian nappes and with the Urbut succession in the Bornova Flysch Zone of the Western Taurides. These successions have been interpreted as platform margin deposits (Tauride Carbonate Platform) or as off-margin drowned carbonate platforms removed from a continental source. The absence of platform margin bioclasts confirms the latter interpretation.Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyDepto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaCAI Ciencias de la Tierra y ArqueometríaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu
MBL2 Gene Polymorphism and Risk of Vitiligo in Turkish Patients
No full textMannose-Binding Lectin (MBL) plays an important role in innate immunity. MBL2 gene polymorphisms affect MBL serum levels. Therefore, this increases the risk of infection and may result in predisposition to autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between the MBL2 gene codon 54 (allele B: rs1800450, c. 161G>A; p. 54Gly>Asp) polymorphism and vitiligo in Turkish patients. One hundred and one patients who were diagnosed with vitiligo and 101 control subjects were included in the study. The DNA was analyzed using the Kbioscience Competitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) technique. MBL2 gene codon 54 polymorphism frequencies were compared between the two groups. In statistical analysis, the level of significance was set at p<0.05. No significant differences in frequencies of the A allele were observed between the patient and control groups. It was observed at similar frequencies in both groups (p=0.890). The results suggest that the MBL2 gene Codon 54 polymorphism is not associated with an increased risk for the development of vitiligo in Turkish patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Fabrication of molecular nanotemplates in self-assembled monolayers by extreme-ultraviolet-induced chemical lithography
No full textTurchanin A, Schnietz M, El-Desawy M, Solak HH, David C, Gölzhäuser A. Fabrication of molecular nanotemplates in self-assembled monolayers by extreme-ultraviolet-induced chemical lithography. Small. 2007;3(12):2114-2119.Extreme-UV interference lithography (EUV-IL) is applied to create chemical nanopatterns in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 4'-nitro-1,1'-biphenyl-4-thiol (NBPT) on gold. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that EUV irradiation induces both the conversion of the terminal nitro groups of NBPT into amino gro ups and the lateral crosslinking of the underlying aromatic cores. Large-area (approximate to 2 mm(2)) nitro/amino chemical patterns with periods ranging from 2000 nm to 60 nm can be generated. Regions of pristine NBPT on the exposed samples are exchanged with protein-resistant thiol SAMs of polyethyleneglycol, resulting in the formation of molecular nanotemplates, which can serve as the basis of complex biomimetic surfaces
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Sub-50 nm period patterns with EUV interference lithography
No full textWe have used transmission diffraction gratings in an interferometric setup to pattern one- and two dimensional periodic patterns with periods near 50 nm. The diffraction gratings were written with e-beam lithography. The exposures were made at 13.4 nm wavelength with undulator radiation, which provides spatially coherent radiation. This technique offered a multiplication of pattern frequency by a factor of 2 and root2 in the one- and two-dimensional cases, respectively. Interference lithography with gratings offers a number of advantages, including achromaticity and insensitivity to misalignment. The demonstrated structures include line/space patterns with 45 nm period and a square array of holes with 56 nm period. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.The authors thank B. Haas and S. Stutz for help with preparation of the diffraction grating masks
Data and R code for: Altitudinal effects on innate immune response of a subterranean rodent
No full textThis data includes the R code and datasets necessary to reproduce our analyses. The code has been written by Jamie Winternitz, who can be contacted at jcwinternitz-at-gmail-dot-com, and by Halil Mert SOLAK, who can be contacted at mr.solak-at-hotmail-dot-com. The R code consists of the following three main sections:1. Bacteria Killing Ability Assay A. Loading and visualizing BKA optimization data B. Loading and visualizing BKA data C. Model comparison and selection D. Partial regression plots2. Stress (corticosterone) Assay A. Loading and visualizing data B. Model comparison and selection C. Partial regression plots3. Gastrointestinal Parasite Assay Loading and Visualizing DataThe data required to reproduce our analyses are the following:1. BKA_growth.csv2. BKA_dilution.csv3. BKA_MCC_data.csv4. par_data.csv</div
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