1,721,542 research outputs found
Developmental Alterations in the Distribution of Specific Lateral Wall Proteins Modify Outer Hair Cell Mechanical Properties
No full textIn the mammalian cochlea, specialized outer hair cells (OHCs) housed within the organ of Corti exhibit nonlinear, mechanical responses to auditory stimulation [1]. These electromotile responses increase hearing sensitivity 100-fold (40 dB) and are responsible for frequency selectivity in the mammalian cochlea. OHC electromotile length change and force generation are essential for a sensitive and sharply-tuned cochlea. OHC stiffness is in turn important for effective transmission of force from OHCs to other cells in the organ of Corti. Maturation of stiffness in OHCs during development may therefore be an important factor in the onset and maturation of electromotility and hearing in mammals. The mechanical properties of developing and adult gerbil OHCs were compared using calibrated glass fibers. OHC compliance increased immediately before the onset of hearing. By the onset of hearing OHC compliance dramatically decreased.|Cochlear OHCs have a specialized lateral wall consisting of a plasma membrane, in which the motor protein prestin is densely packed, an actin-spectrin cortical lattice and subsurface cisternae. Developmental alterations in protein distribution and localization of each of these structures were correlated with alterations in OHC compliance to assess their potential to influence OHC mechanics before and after the onset of hearing. A reduction in lateral F-actin content was highly correlated with an increase in OHC compliance immediately before the onset of hearing. A large increase in prestin distribution at the onset of hearing was highly correlated with a decrease in compliance. These results suggest that F-actin and prestin modulate the passive mechanical properties of cochlear OHCs before and after the onset of hearing, respectively. Furthermore, these dramatic alterations in OHC mechanics clearly indicate that the mammalian OHC must acquire specific mechanical properties in concert with electromotility to generate a sharply tuned cochlea.vi, 101 pagesvi, 101 p
ROMtels video package - Enquiry 3 Transitions
No full text<p>ROMtels Enquiry 4 Transitions video package</p>
<p>Smith, Heather</p>
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<p>Zip file with all video clips needed for ROMtels Enquiry 3 Minibeasts.</p>
<p>These videos were designed to be used with our free ROMtels software package (https://zenodo.org/record/269642#.WNJoboOLSUk). We encourage teachers to also use them as standalone videos. </p>
<p>More information about ROMtels enquiries, including user guides and an overview of this enquiry: http://research.ncl.ac.uk/romtels/resources/tech/ </p>
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The new tigers of Asia. by Heather Smith
No full texttag=1 data=The new tigers of Asia. by Heather Smith
tag=2 data=Smith, Heather
tag=3 data=Commercial Issues,
tag=6 data=Winter 1991
tag=7 data=8-10.
tag=8 data=SOUTH-EAST ASIA
tag=10 data=As the East Asian newly industrialised economies, NIES, begin to experience the teething problems of the transition to a mature industrial economy, the next round of tigers is emerging on Australia's doorstep.
tag=11 data=1991/3/11
tag=12 data=91/0927
tag=13 data=CABAs the East Asian newly industrialised economies, NIES, begin to experience the teething problems of the transition to a mature industrial economy, the next round of tigers is emerging on Australia's doorstep
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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