32,088 research outputs found
Andesobates Smit, 2002, n. gen.
No full text<i>Andesobates</i> n. gen. <p> <i>Diagnosis</i></p> <p>Genital plate of male very large, with three pairs of widely separated acetabula; fourth legs inserted far posteriorly.</p> <p> <i>Type species</i></p> <p> <i>Andesobates longipalpis</i> sp. nov.</p> <p> <i>Description</i></p> <p>Dorsum without platelets. Capitulum separated from body. First coxal plates separated medially. Third coxal plates narrowed medially. Cx 4 located near suture line of third and fourth coxal plates. Fourth coxal plates long, extending far posteriorly. Fourth legs therefore inserted far posteriorly. Three pairs of widely separated acetabula, lying on a large genital field.</p> <p> <i>Remarks</i></p> <p> The new genus is characterised by its very large genital field. Such a large genital field is unusual within the family Hygrobatidae. Moreover, the far posterior insertion of the fourth legs is also unusual. In a number of South­American genera a large genital field can be found (although not as large as in the new genus), e.g. <i>Eocorticacarus</i> Besch and <i>Mapuchacarus</i> Besch. Moreover, these genera have incomplete suture lines of the coxal plates and normal shaped fourth coxal plates.</p>Published as part of <i>Smit, Harry, 2002, Rheophilic water mites from southern Argentina, with the description of one new genus and three new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 103</i> on page 19, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/156012">10.5281/zenodo.156012</a>
Proboscibates Smit 2015, n. gen.
No full textProboscibates n. gen. Diagnosis — Male: Dorsum with four large plates, anterior plate with a pair of postocularia, middle pair of plates each with one glandularium, posterior plate with a pair of glandularia. In the soft integument of dorsum four pairs of smaller glandularia platelets. Eyes present. Camerostome present, roof of camerostome with a short medial projection; capitulum attached to a long protrusible tube; chelicera stylet-like. Ventral shield present. Suture lines of fourth coxae absent, glandularia of fourth coxae lying anterior to IV-leg sockets. Anterior to the fourth leg sockets a short ridge. Male idiosoma with a posterior projection with the genital field, with three pairs of acetabula; genital field only well visible in posteromedial view. P3 without a ventral projection. Legs not modified, I-leg-5 without heavy ventrodistal seta. Swimming setae absent. Female: Unknown. Type species — Proboscibates tullyensis n. sp. Etymology — Named for the trunk-like protrusible tube with the capitulum. Remarks — The presence of a protrusible tube is found in a number of non-related genera, e.g. Limnesia Koch (Limnesiidae, some Australian species), Tubophora Walter (Limnesiidae, West Africa), Tubophorella K.O. Viets (Limnesiidae, Australia), Rhynchaustrobates Cook (Hygrobatidae, Australia), Rhynchaturus Besch (Hygrobatidae, S America), Pseudotorrenticola Walter (Torrenticolidae, Europe, West Africa, Asia), Psammotorrenticola E. Angelier (Anisitsiellidae, Europe), Clathrosperchon Lundblad (Rhynchohydracaridae, N and S America) (Cook 1974, 1988). This character is therefore of little use in delineating genera. In the presence of a camerostome, roof of the camerostome with a short medial projection, protrusible mouthparts, large dorsal plates and a ventral shield the new genus is most close to the subgenus Victoriabates Cook, 1986 of Rhynchaustrobates. The new genus differs in the posterior idiosoma projection with the genital field, the wide gonopore, the absence of posterior suture line of the fourth coxae and the short ridge anterior to the fourth leg sockets. These differences, especially those of the genital field, are large enough to warrant the erection of a new genus.Published as part of Smit, H., 2015, A new hygrobatid genus from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae), pp. 431-433 in Acarologia 55 (4) on pages 431-433, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20152181, http://zenodo.org/record/466737
Torrenticola thailandicus Pesic & Smit, 2009, sp. nov.
No full textTorrenticola thailandicus sp. nov. (Figs. 42–55) Type series. Holotype: male, dissected and slide mounted in Hoyer's fluid. fast flowing stream crossing road to Den Ya Kat Station, alt. 410 m, Chiang Dao NP, 23.xi.2007, 19° 19.735 N 98° 56.201 E, leg. Smit. Paratypes: two males, two females, same station and date, one male and two females dissected and slide mounted in Hoyer's fluid. Further material. Thailand, stream downstream of Siriphum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon NP, alt. 1300 m, 26.xi.2007, 18° 31.532 N 98° 39.091 E, leg. Smit (1/0/0), dissected (one palp missing) and slide mounted in Hoyer's fluid. Diagnosis. Idiosoma dimension small (L/W males 669-681/456-453, females 681-700/488-538); medial suture line of Cx-2+3 relatively long in male; ventral projections on P-2 slightly pronounced. Description. Male (holotype, in parentheses measurements of the paratype): Idiosoma (ventral view: Fig. 43) L 681 (669), W 456 (463); dorsal shield (Fig. 42) L 513 (519), W 394 (409), L/W ratio 1.3 (1.27); dorsal plate 469 (475); shoulder plate L 191 (206), W 63 (66), L/W ratio 3.1 (3.1); frontal plate L 117 (125), W 56 (55), L/W ratio 2.1 (2.3); shoulder/frontal plate L ratio 1.6 (1.7); gnathosomal bay L 128 (122), Cx-1 total L 297 (288), Cx-1 medial L 169 (166), Cx-2+3 medial 100 (102); ratio Cx-1 L/Cx-2+3 medial L 3.0 (2.8); Cx-1 medial L/Cx-2+3 medial L 1.7 (1.6); genital field L/W 125 (122)/91 (88), L/W ratio 1.4 (1.4), ejaculatory complex (Fig. 44-45) L 150 (150); distance genital field–excretory pore 97 (105), genital field–caudal idiosoma margin 141 (145); capitulum ventral L 275 (275); chelicera L 319 (323); palp (Fig. 49) total L 237 (227), L: P-1 27 (24), P-2 76 (74), P-3 52 (49), P-4 67 (65), P-5 15 (15); %L: P-1 11.4 (10.6), P-2 32.1 (32.6), P-3 21.9 (21.6), P-4 28.3 (28.6), P-5 6.3 (6.6); P-2/P-4 ratio 1.14 (1.14); ventral projections on P-2 and P-3 only slightly pronounced, ventral protuberances of P-4 forming an unique tip bearing one long and three short hairs. Female (based on two paratype specimens): Idiosoma (ventral view: Fig. 48) L 681-700, W 488-538; dorsal shield (Fig. 47) L 531-581, W 413-456, L/W ratio 1.3; dorsal plate 493-538; shoulder plate L 172-178, W 63-65, L/W ratio 2.7; frontal plate L 122-131, W 50-56, L/W ratio 2.3-2.4; shoulder/frontal plate L ratio 1.3- 1.5; gnathosomal bay L 141-150, Cx-1 total L 294-306, Cx-1 medial L 153-156, Cx-2+3 medial 28-30; ratio Cx-1 L/Cx-2+3 medial L 9.8-10.9; Cx-1 medial L/Cx-2+3 medial L 5.1-5.6; genital field L/W 147/131-134, L/W ratio 1.1; distance genital field–excretory pore 134-147, genital field–caudal idiosoma margin 194-208; capitulum (Fig. 46) ventral L 278-291; chelicera L 341-366; palp (Fig. 50) total L 229-235, L and %L (in parentheses): P-1 24-26 (10.5-11.1), P-2 77-80 (33.6-34.0), P-3 49-50 (20.9-21.8), P-4 64-65 (27.7-28.0), P-5 14-15 (6.1-6.4); P-2/P-4 ratio 1.2; shape and setation as in male. In addition we give measurements of the male specimen from Sirphium Waterfall: Idiosoma (ventral view: Fig. 52) L 663, W 463; dorsal shield (Fig. 51) L 525, W 400, L/W ratio 1.3; dorsal plate 481; shoulder plate L 175, W 69, L/W ratio 2.5; frontal plate L 128, W 53, L/W ratio 2.4; shoulder/frontal plate L ratio 1.4; gnathosomal bay L 122, Cx-1 total L 297, Cx-1 medial L 175, Cx-2+3 medial 81; ratio Cx-1 L/Cx-2+3 medial L 3.7; Cx-1 medial L/Cx-2+3 medial L 2.2; genital field L/W 138/97, L/W ratio 1.4, ejaculatory complex (Fig. 53) L 184; distance genital field–excretory pore 111, genital field–caudal idiosoma margin 144; capitulum (Fig. 54) ventral L 266; chelicera L 297; palp total L 225, L and %L (in parentheses): P-1 24 (10.7), P-2 74 (32.9), P-3 47 (20.9), P-4 65 (28.9), P-5 15 (6.7); shape and setation as in Fig. 55. Discussion. Due to sub-apical Cxgl-4, one (of 4) P-4 ventral setae long, a long rostrum, a similar extension of Cx-4 behind the genital flaps and the shape of the ejaculatory complex, Torrenticola thailandicus sp. nov. is closely related to Torrenticola bhutana Pesic & Smit. The male of T. thailandicus sp. nov. differs from T. bhutana (in parentheses data taken from Pesic & Smit 2007) in the minor idiosoma and gnathosoma dimensions (e.g. idiosoma L/W 875/625, genital field L 172, capitulum L 327, palp total L 287), the longer medial suture line of Cx-2+3 (61m in T. bhutana) and smaller dimensions of the ejaculatory complex (253m in T. bhutana). Males and females of T. thailandicus sp. nov. have less slender palps with shortened ventrodistal projection on P-2 than that of T. bhutana. T. bhutana has the P-2 more slender and relatively longer (P-2 relative L>34.0 in male,>35.0 in female). In both sexes ventral protuberances of P-4 form a unique tip in T. thailandicus sp. nov. (ventral protuberances ending in two tips separated from each other by a concave interspace in T. bhutana). Females can be distinguished in their minor idiosoma and gnathosoma dimensions (e.g., T. bhutana idiosoma L 938, dorsal shield L 756, genital field L 197, palp total L 306) and a slightly shorter medial suture line of Cx-2+3. Females differ from males in degree of the extension of Cx-4 behind the genital flaps (compare Figs. 43 and 48). The specimen from Sirphium Waterfall has two setae on distoventral surface of P-2 (Fig. 55), a character found only as an individual aberration. Etymology. The species is named after Thailand. Distribution. Known only from the two localities in Thailand. Biology. Torrenticola thailandicus sp. nov. is probably a rhitrobiontic species.Published as part of Pesic, Vladimir & Smit, Harry, 2009, Water mites of the family Torrenticolidae Piersig, 1902 (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Thailand, Part I. The genera Torrenticola Piersig, 1896, Neoatractides Lundblad, 1941 and Pseudotorrenticola Walter, 1906, pp. 38-62 in Zootaxa 1982 on pages 47-5
Aspidiobates neogeometricus Smit 2019, n. sp.
No full textAspidiobates neogeometricus n. sp. (Figures 2 A–F) Material examined. Holotype female, Whitehead Creek between Bloomfield and Cooktown, Queensland, Australia, 15°46.843 S 145°17.545 E, alt. 184 m asl, 17-x-2014 (QM). Paratypes: One male, Whyanbeel Creek, N of Mossman, 16°22.205 S 145°19.633 E, alt. 143 m asl, 15-x-2005 (RMNH); one female, Birthday Creek, Paluma Range NP, Queensland, Australia, 18°58.799 S 146°10.012 E, 21-x-2005 (RMNH); two females, Henrietta Creek, Wooroonooran NP, Queensland, Australia, 17°35.884 S 145°45.548 E, alt. 390 m asl, 19-x-2005 (RMNH); two males, one female, Unnamed creek N of Cape Tribulation, Queensland, Australia, 16°02.409 S 145°27.428 E, alt. 28 m asl, 17-x-2014 (QM). Diagnosis. Genital field with four pairs of acetabula, palp slender; female with six dorsal plates, two pairs of posterolateral platelets, one unpaired medial plate and one large, unpaired anterodorsal plate; male with three dorsal plates, one large anteromedial plate and one pair of lateral plates. Description. All coxal suture lines indistinct. Cxgl-4 shifted anteriorly beyond the suture line between Cx-III and Cx-IV. Legs without swimming setae. Female: Idiosoma yellowish, 640 (583-672) long and 518 (527-551) wide dorsally and 709 (700-745) long ventrally. Dorsum with six plates, anterodorsal plate being the largest, 348 long and 437 wide, with two pairs of glandularia and the postocularia. Posterior to this large plate another unpaired plate without glandularia and two pairs of lateral platelets, the anterior lateral plate 208 long, the posterior lateral plate 198 long. Genital field with four pairs of acetabula. Gonopore field large, 114 long and 88 wide. Length of P1-P5: 24, 94, 70, 127, 40. P2 without ventral extension, P4 slender with three small setal tubercles. Length of Ileg-4-6: 146, 138, 110. Length of IV-leg-4-6 103, 198, 128. Male: Idiosoma dorsally 486 (470-486) long and 397 (405-437) wide, ventrally 551 (567-579) long. Dorsum with a large anteromedial plate with three pairs of glandularia and the postocularia, 421 long and one pair of lateral platelets, 172 long. Genital field with four pairs of acetabula, the anterior pair smaller than posterior three pairs in the illustrated male from Unnamed creek N of Cape Tribulation, but not in other males. Gonopore narrow, 60 long and 14 wide. Length of P1-5: 18, 72, 56, 90, 30. P2 with a large, rounded to more rectangular anteroventral extension, P4 with small setal tubercles. Length of I-leg-4-6: 126, 120, 110. Length of IV-leg-4-6: 150, 170, 120. Etymology. Named for its resemblance with Aspidiobates geometricus. Remarks. The new species has a similar configuration of the dorsal plates as in A. geometricus, but is easily separated by the four pairs of acetabula (three pairs in geometricus) and the slender P4 (stocky in geometricus). Within the genus Aspidiobates, malformations occur regularly in the shape and number of dorsal lateral platelets and number of acetabula (see A. imperfectus). This is known also in species from New Caledonia (e.g., A. caeruleus K.O. Viets, 1969, Smit 2002). A female from Birthday Creek for example has one very small lateral platelet, the other three platelets are of normal size.Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2019, The water mite genus Aspidiobates Lundblad, 1941 from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species, pp. 115-122 in Zootaxa 4550 (1) on pages 117-118, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/262517
Monatractides gledhilli Pesic & Smit, 2009, sp. nov.
No full textMonatractides gledhilli sp. nov. (Figs. 75–84) Type material. Holotype: male dissected and slide mounted in Hoyer's fluid. Thailand: Pong Creek crossing road to Muang Kong, Doi Chiang Dao, 477 m asl, 22.xi.2007, 19° 24.774 N 98 ° 55.127 E, leg. Smit. Paratypes: 6 /0/0 (2 /0/0 mounted), same collecting site and data as holotype. Diagnosis: three pairs of knob-shaped protrusions at the margin of the capitular bay; pointed, V-shaped capitular bay; Cxgl- 4 subapical; capitulum with shorter rostrum; P- 3 with two strong ventrodistal setae, P- 4 with well visible denticle near the insertion of the ventral hairs. Description. Male (holotype, in parentheses measurements of two paratypes): Idiosoma (ventral view: Fig. 76) L 794 (813–831), W 631 (606–638); dorsal shield (Fig. 75) L 681 (675–694), W 506 (531–537), L/W ratio 1.35 (1.26–1.31); dorsal plate L 644 (638–656); shoulder plate L 213 (194–213), W 67 (66), L/W ratio 3.2 (2.9–3.2); frontal plate L 116 (122–123), W 63 (63), L/W ratio 1.8 (1.9–1.94); shoulder/frontal plate L ratio 1.8 (1.6–1.75); capitular bay L 150 (152–154), W 41, L/W ratio 3.7; Cx- 1 total L 288 (287–294), Cx- 1 medial L 138 (131–142), Cx- 2 + 3 medial 91 (92–102); ratio Cx- 1 L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 3.2 (2.8–3.2); Cx- 1 medial L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 1.5 (1.3–1.54); genital field L/W 156 (156–162)/ 119 (113–116), L/W ratio 1.3 (1.38–1.4), ejaculatory complex (Fig. 79) L 199 (206); distance genital field–excretory pore 159 (148–156), genital field–caudal idiosoma margin 237 (256–272); capitulum (Fig. 80) ventral L 150 (139–149); chelicera (Fig. 81) L 174 (183–185); palp (Figs. 77, 83– 84) total L 229 (225–230), L: P- 1 26 (26–27), P- 2 65 (65–66), P- 3 46 (44), P- 4 59 (60–61), P- 5 33 (29–33); %L (given as % of total L): P- 1 11.4 (11.6–11.7), P- 2 28.4 (28.3–29.3), P- 3 20.1 (19.1–19.6), P- 4 25.8 (26.5–26.7), P- 5 14.4 (12.9–14.3); P- 2 /P- 4 ratio 1.1 (1.07–1.1); P- 4 with well visible denticle near the insertion of the ventral hairs; L I-Leg- 4-6 (Fig. 82): 118 (118–120), 111 (111), 112 (109–110). Discussion. Due to the presence of three pairs of knob-shaped protrusions at the margin of the capitular bay, a capitulum with shorter rostrum, and a pointed, V-shaped capitular bay, M. gledhilli sp. nov. is similar to M. tristis (Lundblad, 1941 b) (in parentheses data taken from Lundblad 1967), from which it can be easily distinguished by its smaller idiosoma and palp dimensions (e.g., idiosoma L 1017, dorsal shield L 845, genital field L/W 218 / 182, palp total L 258). Further differences regard subapical Cxgl- 4, the presence of two strong ventrodistal setae on P- 3, and a P- 4 with a well visible denticle near the insertion of the ventral hairs. Etymology. This species in named after Terry Gledhill (UK) in appreciation of his studies of water mites. Distribution. Thailand; only known from the locus typicus.Published as part of Pesic, Vladimir & Smit, Harry, 2009, Water mites of the family Torrenticolidae (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Thailand, Part II. The genus Monatractides K. Viets, pp. 1-27 in Zootaxa 2012 on pages 17-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18583
De gewapende consument
No full textMensen worden dagelijks bestookt met (een enorme hoeveelheid) persuasieve boodschappen. Zij staan hier niet altijd open voor. Als gevolg daarvan ontwikkelen mensen strategieen om beinvloeding te weren en hun eigen attitude ten aanzien van een object, product of issue in stand te houden. Denk aan vermijdingsstrategieen (o.a. zappen en selectieve blootstelling), maar ook aan het opwerpen van tegenargumenten of het bieden van weerstand door de eigen houding te versterken. Drs. Doran van Veenendaal, dr. Marieke Fransen en prof. dr. Edith Smit brengen aan de hand van een literatuuroverzicht in kaart vanuit welke motieven men weerstand tegen beinvloeding biedt, welke strategieen zij hierbij gebruiken en hoe adverteerders hierop kunnen anticiperen
Monatractides cameronensis Pesic & Smit, 2010, sp. nov.
No full textMonatractides cameronensis sp. nov. (Fig. 7 A–K) Type material. Holotype: male dissected and slide mounted in Hoyer's fluid, Malaysia, stream crossing road to Ringlet, Cameron Highlands, 4 ° 22.212 N 101 ° 21.522 E, alt. 1011 m, 18.ii. 2009. Paratypes: 1 / 1 /0 (mounted), Jerian stream, Fraser’s Hill, 3 ° 43.479 N 101 ° 42.935 E, alt. 1011 m, 14.ii. 2009. Diagnosis. Idiosoma <700 in males, <800 in females (dorsal plate dorsal plate 481–506 in male, 534 in female); dorsal shield with four dorsoglandularia in the area of primary sclerotization of the dorsal plate; P- 4 shorter than P- 2 (L P- 2 /P- 4 1.2), P- 4 with well visible denticle near the insertion of the ventral setae; ejaculatory complex as illustrated in Fig. 7 F. Description. Male (holotype, in parentheses specimen from Jerian stream): Idiosoma (ventral view: Fig. 7 C) L 647 (669), W 472 (481); dorsal shield (Fig. 7 A) L 528 (547), W 397 (419), L/W ratio 1.33 (1.31); dorsal plate 481 (506); frontal plate L 119 (123), W 58 (53), L/W ratio 2.1 (2.3); shoulder plate L 140 (141), W 59 (61), L/W ratio 2.4 (2.3); shoulder/frontal plate L ratio 1.18 (1.15); gnathosomal bay L 159 (161), Cx- 1 total L 248 (266), Cx- 1 medial L 88 (105), Cx- 2 + 3 medial 59 (47); ratio Cx- 1 L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 4.2 (5.7); Cx- 1 medial L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 1.5 (2.2); genital field L/W 131 (130)/ 103 (100), L/W ratio 1.27 (1.3), ejaculatory complex as illustrated in Fig. 7 F, L 187 (175); distance genital field–excretory pore 142 (156), genital field–caudal idiosoma margin 208 (225); capitulum (Fig. 7 K) ventral L 146 (151); chelicera L 179 (181); palp (Figs. 7 G–H) total L 166 (155), dL: P-1, 25 (23); P-2, 48 (45); P-3, 34 (32); P-4, 41 (39); P-5, 18 (16); %L: P- 1, 15.1 (14.8); P- 2, 28.9 (29.0); P- 3, 20.5 (20.6); P- 4, 24.7 (25.2); P- 5, 10.8 (10.3); L P- 2 /P- 4 ratio, 1.17 (1.15); P- 4 with well visible denticle near the insertion of the ventral setae; L I-Leg- 4-6 (Fig. 7 E): 70 (66), 74 (720, 68 (68). Female (from Jerian stream): Idiosoma (ventral view: Fig. 7 D) L 709, W 513; dorsal shield (Fig. 7 B) L 588, W 438, L/W ratio 1.34; dorsal plate 534; frontal plate L 134, W 63, L/W ratio 2.1; shoulder plate L 143, W 66, L/W ratio 2.2; shoulder/frontal plate L ratio 1.09; gnathosomal bay L 169, Cx- 1 total L 275, Cx- 1 medial L 105, Cx- 2 + 3 medial 31; ratio Cx- 1 L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 8.9; Cx- 1 medial L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 3.4; genital field L/W 148 / 131, L/W ratio 1.13; egg maximum diameter L 191; distance genital field–excretory pore 178, genital field–caudal idiosoma margin 253; capitulum ventral L 168; chelicera L 195; palp total L 166, dL and %L (in parentheses): P-1, 25 (15.1); P-2, 48 (28.9); P-3, 34 (20.5); P-4, 41 (24.7); P-5, 18 (10.8); L P- 2 /P- 4 ratio, 1.17; L I-Leg- 4-6: 73, 78, 72. Etymology. The species is named after the Cameron Highlands, where it was collected. Remarks. This species belongs to the Monatractides macroporus (K. Viets, 1935) species-complex, characterized by the presence of an anteriorly slender and elongated Cx- 1, a relatively short medial suture line of Cx- 2 + 3 in both sexes, and a narrower capitular bay (Pesic & Smit 2009 b). For a discussion on the M. macroporus species-complex see Pesic & Smit (2009 b). Males of Monatractides cameronensis sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from the known males of other species in this group by the shape of the ejaculatory complex (conventional in shape with well-developed proximal horns in M. macroporus – see: Lundblad 1971, M. macrognathus – see: Lundblad 1971, M. lativentris – see: Pesic & Smit 2009 b). Due to the presence of four dorsoglandularia in the area of primary sclerotization of the dorsal plate, M. cameronensis sp. nov. resembles M. major (K. Viets, 1935) and M. minor Wiles, 1991. Viets (1935) described M. major as a form of M. macrognathus from Java. Lundblad (1971) considered M. macrognathus and M. macrognathus major, synonymous with M. macroporus, but Wiles (1991) raised M. macrognathus major in ranking to a full species. Wiles (1991) described M. minor based on four female specimens from the Sungai Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. Monatractides minor differs from M. major in minor idiosoma dimensions and the anterior dorsoglandularia on the dorsal plate lying near the anterior end of the medial muscle scar. Moreover, the anterior margins of the posterior platelets are more swollen (Wiles 1991) and P- 4 is somewhat shorter in M. minor. According to Wiles (1991), it may well be that M. minor is a variety of M. major and that intermediate specimens may be found. Monatractides minor differs in its minor idiosoma and gnathosoma dimensions (e.g., dorsal plate L 306, palp total L 132–146) which lie clearly below the minimum values for both sexes of M. cameronensis sp. nov. (collected about 50 kilometres from the locus typicus of M. minor). Furthermore, the anterior dorsoglandularia of the dorsal plate in M. cameronensis sp. nov. lie below the anterior end of the medial muscle scar. On the other hand, M. major differs in its major idiosoma and gnathosoma dimensions (e.g., dorsal plate L 710 male, 734 in female, genital field L 182 in male, 196 in female L 132–146, palp total L 234 in male) which are clearly above the maximum values for both sexes of M. cameronensis sp. nov. A further difference is found in the somewhat shorter P- 4 in M. cameronensis sp. nov. Some important characters such as the shape of the ejaculatory complex cannot be discussed because these are lacking in the original description of M. major. Distribution. Malaysia.Published as part of Pesic, Vladimir & Smit, Harry, 2010, New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Malaysia, with descriptions of three new species, pp. 19-34 in Zootaxa 2354 on pages 26-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19354
Thoracophoracarus fluviatilis Smit 2012, n. sp.
No full text<i>Thoracophoracarus fluviatilis</i> n. sp. <p>(Figs. 76–78)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype female, Wolwekloof River at Tweede Tol, Limietberg NR, Western Cape Province, South Africa, 33° 34.115 S 19° 08.255 E, 3.xi.2004 (BMSA). Paratype: female, same data as holotype (RMNH).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Glandularia D2 and D3 next to each other; genital field long, narrow and straight.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Female: Idiosoma 622 (626) long and 500 (502) wide, yellowish. Glandularia D1 close to A2, D2 medial of D3. Most idiosoma pores elongate, but other shapes, e.g. more triangular, are present as well. Anterior idiosoma margin concave, glandularia A1 on tubercles. Posterior idiosoma margin somewhat undulating, but straight in paratype. First coxae extending beyond anterior idiosoma margin. Suture lines of coxae indistinct, lateral margin of coxal field with short, heavy setae. Glandularia Cxgl-4 close to posterior margin of fourth coxae. Gonopore 96 long and 114 wide. Genital plates straight, narrow and extending to lateral idiosoma margin. Lengths of PI-PV: 29, 60, 40, 68, 28; PII anteroventrally with two pinnate setae, more dorsally one more medial seta. Lengths of I-leg-4-6: 76, 78, 78. Lengths of IV-leg-4-6: 113, 118, 98. Legs with many swimming setae, I-leg-5 also with one swimming setae.</p> <p>Male: Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named for its occurrence in a river.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Females of the genus <i>Arrenurus</i> are notoriously difficult to identify, and new species should not be described based on females only. Within the genus <i>Thoracophoracarus</i> females are easier to identify. The new species is unique in the configuration of the dorsal glandularia, as D2 is medial instead of posterior of D3. Only in <i>T. kuehnei</i> K. Viets, 1916 are these glandularia located next to each other, at least in the male. The female of this species has, however, a reversed wing-shaped genital field (Gerecke 2009).</p>Published as part of <i>Smit, H., 2012, New records of the water mite family Arrenuridae from the Afrotropical region, with the description of 11 new species and two new subspecies (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 1-31 in Zootaxa 3187</i> on pages 28-2
Letter: Mary G. Smith to Ida M. Tarbell, June 20, 1918
No full textHandwritten letter of three pages, signed (Mrs. E.G.) Mary G. Smit
Monatractides (Monatractides) magnus Pešić & Smit, 2012, sp. nov.
No full textMonatractides (Monatractides) magnus sp. nov. (Figs. 4 A–B, 5 A–D) Type series. Holotype female, dissected and slide mounted, Indonesia, New Guinea, West Papua province: stream ca. 3 km S of Mokwam, 08.xi.2011, 1˚ 05.877 S, 133 ˚ 54.223 E, alt. 1637 m asl. Paratype: one female, dissected and slide mounted, stream Ilik near Lake Gita, Anggi Lakes, 17.xi.2011, 1˚ 21.423 S, 133 ˚ 58.553 E, alt. 1912 m asl. Diagnosis (Male unknown). Idiosoma large (L> 1000) and elongated (dorsal shield L/W 1.7); ventral margin of P- 2 and - 3 with a straight, stout seta, ventral seta on P- 2 more slender and relatively longer, P- 4 with well developed denticles near the insertion of the ventral hairs; excretory pore incorporated into primary sclerotization of the ventral shield. Description. Female (holotype, in parentheses paratype from stream Ilik): Idiosoma: (ventral view: Fig. 4 B) L 1026 (1000), W 675 (688); dorsal shield (Fig. 4 A) L 894 (875), W 548 (538), L/W ratio 1.63 (1.63); dorsal plate 833 (815); shoulder plate L 272–273 (272), W 91–92 (91), L/W ratio 3.0 (3.0); frontal plate L 167–169 (153–159), W 78–79 (80–84), L/W ratio 2.1 (1.9); shoulder/frontal plate L ratio 1.6 (1.7–1.8); capitular bay L 225 (209), W 97, L/W ratio 2.3; Cx- 1 total L 391 (359), Cx- 1 medial L 166 (149), Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 25 (33); ratio Cx- 1 L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 15.6 (10.9); Cx- 1 medial L/Cx- 2 + 3 medial L 6.6 (4.5); genital field L/W 219 (219)/ 206 (200), L/W ratio 1.06 (1.1); distance genital field–excretory pore 206 (212), genital field–caudal idiosoma margin 378 (375); capitulum (Fig. 5 D) ventral L 247 (234); chelicera total L 322 (322); palp (Figs. 5 A–B) total L 291 (294), dL: P-1, 37 (37); P-2, 80 (86); P-3, 62 (62); P-4, 79 (79); P-5, 33 (30); L P- 2 /P- 4 ratio, 1.01 (1.09); L I- 4–6 (Fig. 5 C): 120 (119), 147 (153), 152 (151); I-L- 6 L/H ratio, 3.0 (3.0). Male. Unknown. Etymology. Named for its large size. Discussion. Due to the similar shape of palp (straight stout seta on the ventral margin of P- 2 and P- 3) and the excretory pore incorporated into primary sclerotization of the ventral shield, Monatractides magnus sp. nov. is rather close to M. sentanicus Pešiċ & Smit, 2011 (see above). It can be distinguished from the latter species in its larger idiosoma and gnathosoma dimensions (e.g. idiosoma L> 1000, genital field L> 200, palp total L> 270 vs. idiosoma L <700, genital field L <150, palp total L <220 in M. sentanicus) and a more slender and relatively longer, straight stout seta on the ventral margin of P- 2 (compare Figs. 3 C and 5 A–B). Distribution. New Guinea (West Papua province). – D. magnus sp. nov., (A – paratype, stream near B–D – stream ca. 3 km S of Mokwam): A = palp, lateral view; B = palp, medial view; C = I-L- 4–6; D = capitulum and chelicera. Scale bars = 100 μm.Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir & Smit, Harry, 2012, Second contribution to the knowledge of water mites of the genus Monatractides K. Viets (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Torrenticolidae) from New Guinea, with descriptions of three new species, pp. 46-57 in Zootaxa 3350 on pages 50-52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28153
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