1,721,077 research outputs found
The Computer Revolution in Philosophy: Philosophy, Science and Models of Mind
Get PDFThe book presented deep important connections between Artificial Intelligence and Philosophy, based partly on an argument that both philosophy and science are primarily concerned with identifying and explaining possibilities contrary to a common view that science is primarily concerned with laws. The book attempted to show in principle how the construction, testing and debugging of complex computational models, explaining possibilities in a new way, can illuminate a collection of deep philosophical problems, e.g. about the nature of mind, the nature of representation, the nature of mathematical discovery. However it did not claim that this could be done easily or that the problems would be solved soon. 40 years later many of them have still not been solved, including explaining how biological brains made possible the deep mathematical discoveries made millennia ago, long before the development of modern logic, often wrongly assumed to provide foundations for all of mathematics. Later work on these ideas includes the author's Meta-Morphogenesis project, inspired by Alan Turing's work: http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/cogaff/misc/meta-morphogenesis.html
Originally published in 1978 by Harvester Press, this went out of print. An electronic version was created from a scanned in copy and then extensively edited with corrections, addtional text, and notes, available online as html or pdf, intermittently updated. This pdf version was created on 2019/07/09
Constructing emotions: epistemological groundings and applications in robotics for a synthetic approach to emotions
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A proposal for a study of motive processing
Get PDFThis was a contribution to the Cognition and Affect project that led to the Ph.D. thesis of the first author (Luc P. Beaudoin). This paper was mostly written by the first author, although it is based on and develops ideas of the second author. The nursemaid scenario was first described by the second author (Sloman, 1986). The first author was in the process of implementing the model described in the paper.Thanks to Aluizio Arujo, Peter Greenfield, Inman Harvey, Tim Read, Edmund Shing, Sharon Wood, and Shiu Yuen for reading and commenting on drafts. The first author was supported by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the United Kingdom, and FCAR of Quebec
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Comments on “The Emulating Interview… with Rick Grush”
Get PDFAuthor comments Rick Grush’s statements about emulation and embodied approach to representation. He proposes his modification of Grush’s definition of emulation, criticizing notion of “standing in for”. He defends of notion of representation. He claims that radical embodied theories are not applicable to all cognition
Architectural and Representational Requirements for Seeing Processes, Proto-affordances and Affordances
Get PDFThis paper, combining the standpoints of philosophy and
Artificial Intelligence with theoretical psychology, summarises several
decades of investigation by the author of the variety of functions of vision
in humans and other animals, pointing out that biological evolution has
solved many more problems than are normally noticed. For example, the
biological functions of human and animal vision are closely related to the
ability of humans to do mathematics, including discovering and proving
theorems in geometry, topology and arithmetic. Many of the phenomena
discovered by psychologists and neuroscientists require sophisticated controlled
laboratory settings and specialised measuring equipment, whereas
the functions of vision reported here mostly require only careful attention
to a wide range of everyday competences that easily go unnoticed. Currently
available computer models and neural theories are very far from
explaining those functions, so progress in explaining how vision works
is more in need of new proposals for explanatory mechanisms than new
laboratory data. Systematically formulating the requirements for such
mechanisms is not easy. If we start by analysing familiar competences,
that can suggest new experiments to clarify precise forms of these competences,
how they develop within individuals, which other species have
them, and how performance varies according to conditions. This will
help to constrain requirements for models purporting to explain how the
competences work. For example, Gibson’s theory of affordances needs
a number of extensions, including allowing affordances to be composed
in several ways from lower level proto-affordances. The paper ends with
speculations regarding the need for new kinds of information-processing
machinery to account for the phenomena
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