1,720,957 research outputs found
Waves of Tolerance: An Ethnographic Case Study of Preventing Extremism in Sweden
No full textPrevention of radicalization and violent extremism is a concern for most liberal democracies. This is a study of a preventive initiative called the Tolerance Project (TP), which aims to reduce recruitment to extreme nationalist groups across Sweden. The TP is a Holocaust educational programme that is offered to a selected group of 14- and 15-year-olds, aimed at mixing ‘at-risk’ youths and stabile pupils. During 2015 and 2016, the author conducted ethnographic fieldwork in a Swedish region that was implementing the programme in several localities. At the same time, the largest National Socialist organization in the Nordic countries, the Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM) increased its public visibility and launched a parliamentary branch in Sweden. As a timely example of the TP’s ultimate target group the thesis also examines the legitimation strategy of the NRM and how this correspons to the way the TP work to prevent contemporary forms of extremism
Hvor tok latteren veien? En kritisk diskursanalyse av debatten rundt muhammedtegningene med særlig henblikk på forholdet mellom humor og tabu
Get PDFThis master thesis is focused on the relationship between the phenomena laughter and taboo. The relationship will be exemplified with the Danish Muhammad drawings published in Jyllands-Posten, September 2005. The thesis outlines the initial background for publishing the drawings and some of the general reactions to them. The different reactions represent different discourses, which I will try to identify trough a textual oriented discourse analysis. I have selected a number of texts from different newspapers, which all together represent the debate that followed the drawings. The texts are both from Danish and Norwegian sources, as the debate was stirred up in Norway when a small Christian newsmagazine decided to publish the Danish drawings in January 2006. Since my main focus is on laughter, I am trying to locate how, if even at all, laughter is emphasised in the different discourses. To understand better what I am looking for I have written a chapter about the theory of laughter based on Mikhail Bakhtin and Henri Bergson's different theories. Whereas Bakhtin focuses on the positive effects of laughter, Bergson is concerned about the negative, and these two opposites will be consistently throughout the research. The theory chapter also includes Mary Douglas theory about taboo, and the purpose of making and keeping something taboo. When it comes to the drawings of Muhammad, which some people regard as a breach of a taboo, they seem most of all to shed light on the different views people have on the freedom of speech, which was also the motivation for the publication. The different ways of understanding the word freedom can be connected to different discourses, which it is my purpose is to identify. In opposition to the freedom of speech discourse stands the religious discourse, whose representatives want to prevent expressions that can be read as negative towards religion. I have also found other discourses, which have different perspectives on the publishing of drawings. All discourses have in common that they try to give meaning to words like freedom of speech, respect, tolerance, religion, blasphemy, censorship and so forth. The overall purpose of this thesis is to find out which discourses are evident in the debate over the Muhammad drawings. And to find out to what extent the relationship between humor, religion and religious taboos have been discussed in the debate that followed their publication.Published versio
Youth Delinquency or Everyday Racism? Front-line Professionals’ Perspectives on Preventing Racism and Intolerance in Sweden
Get PDFIn this article, I ask which problematizations of racism and intolerance that substantiate a local implementation of a targeted educational program in Sweden, called the Tolerance Project. By participating in municipality-level meetings and conversations with front-line professionals concerning the recent implementation of the program in one specific region, I have found several motivations for the continuing work to reduce racism and intolerance at schools. To emphasize this point, I have divided the problematizations into four ideal types and applied a ‘what’s the problem represented to be’ analysis to each of them. The four problematizations can be described in the following terms: generational racism, growth of the Sweden Democrats, normalization of racist language, and general ‘at-risk’ youths. The first three problematizations are context dependent, in terms of both time (during the so-called refugee crisis) and space (in a region with a long history of National Socialism). Problematizing generational racism, growth of the Sweden Democrats and normalization of racist language indicate that what is mainly to be prevented is anti-immigrant sentiments in the young as well as the adult population. This implies a limitation to the role of schools in prevention, as adults cannot be directly targeted by the school. The fourth ideal type, at-risk youth, emphasizes that there are certain risk factors that might cause young people to later radicalize or deviate in one way or another. This corresponds to the general discourse of radicalization, but, in line with other studies of front-line professionals’ perspectives, there is no clear distinction between preventing radicalization and fostering democratic citizens. Furthermore, the conglomeration of problematizations might decrease the stigmatizing effect that a targeted initiative can have, as opposed to initiatives that operate with one specific target group. The Tolerance Project might thus be a useful model for the prevention of all forms of radicalization
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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