16 research outputs found
Why Africa Remains Underdeveloped Despite its Potential? Which Theory can Help Africa to Develop?
No full textPre-Extension Demonstration of Improved Bread Wheat Varieties with Their Production Packages in High land Area of Eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia
No full textThe study was basically focused on demonstration of bread wheat technologies for wider demand-driven technology diffusion in major wheat growing area in high land of eastern Amhara. The objectives were in order to evaluate and demonstrate improved bread wheat variety with their production package to the farming community and assess farmers and extension workers reaction towards improved bread wheat technology. The activity was conducted in main season 2019/2020 at Jama and Meket districts. The fact that wheat production and productivity in the region as well as in the particular study area low because farmers are using low yielding, disease and pest resistant local varieties. The improved bread wheat variety was demonstrated along with the local variety at 12 farmers' fields. Yield data, economic data, farmers’ perception and preferences were collected throughout the demonstration stages and data were analyzed by using ANOVA, partial budget analysis and preference ranking. The results of ANOVA showed that yield and yield related parameters statistically significant at the probability level of 0.01% and 0.05% among treatments. The highest mean yield was recorded from "Hibist" with improved management 2.49 ton/ha and 1.42 ton/ha at Jama and Meket districts respectively followed by local with improved management and the lowest was from local with farmers practices. Furthermore, the result of partial budget analysis show that the use of improved and local variety with recommended package more profitable with the MRR of 1.96 and 0.81 than farmer practices at Jama district and 74.26 and 9.26 at Meket district respectively. Farmer preference analysis improved & local variety with improved management ranks 1st and 2nd at Jama respectively while reverse at Meket and lastly ranks farmer practices at both districts. Generally, improved bread wheat with recommended package has higher yield advantage, financial feasibility and social acceptance than control and farmer practices, it is recommended to be scale out for further dissemination
Enhancing Faba Bean Production through Promoting Integrated Faba Bean Gall Management Practices in Eastern Amhara Region of Ethiopia
No full textIn Ethiopia, a great variety of diseases affects faba bean production. However, gall forming faba bean new disease has become a very serious disease that seriously affected faba beans producing areas of Wollo. This prescalling up of integrated faba bean gall technology has been conducted at Meket and Wadla woredas of north Wollo in 2017/18 to create wider demand on the management of gall disease and to enhance integrated gall disease management technology dissemination. The study areas were selected purposively due to high infestation of the disease. A total of 32 farmers were selected based on a voluntary base. Adjacent farms of 5.7 ha at Wadla and 3 ha at Meket was selected and clustered accordingly. Integrated disease management i.e seed dressing with 300 gm Baylaton/100Kg seed, improved varieties and hand weeding were applied as a package for the control of the disease. Dosha with chemical gave an average gain yield of 2.2 tons/ha at Meket whereas Wolki with chemical gave an average grain yield of 2.5 tons/ha at Wadla woreda. However, the local variety with farmers’ practice gave an average grain yield of 100 kg/ha and 900 kg/ha at Wadla and Meket woredas respectively. The result of economic analysis also indicate that the technology is by far advantageous than the local variety and practice. So, the technology should be further disseminated to other hot spot areas of faba bean gall diseases
Transfer of Early Maturing Sorghum Technologies through Participatory Evaluation in Eastern Amhara Region of Ethiopia
No full textThe low or non-adoption of improved agricultural technologies might be resulted from inadequate participation of farmers at all stages of the process of benefiting farmers. The current study was conducted in the representative sorghum producing areas of Wollo with the objective of assessing farmers\u27 preference towards improved sorghum varieties and providing a menu of sorghum technologies. Both inferential and descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Farmers\u27 perception was assessed using preference ranking and narration. Moreover, Agricultural events such as field days and experience sharing were prepared to capture farmers\u27 perception about the technologies. GenStat v.18th was used to analyze the data. Analysis of variance was employed to test the mean difference of yield among varieties. The result of ANOVA showed that improved sorghum varieties Dekeba and ESH1 gave the highest grain yield at respective sites. In kalu and Dawa chefa, farmers preferred Argiti whereas in Raya Kobo, Melkam was the variety preferred by the farmers. From the analysis of Spearman\u27s rank correlation, there was evidence on coincidence of farmers\u27 preference and the actual data. Therefore, the analysis of farmers\u27 preference and yield data jointly confirm that improved varieties Melkam and Argiti can be promoted in the respective districts of the study are
Participatory Evaluation of Early Maturing Sorghum Technologies in Eastern Amhara Region of Ethiopia
No full textThe low or non-adoption of improved agricultural technologies might be resulted from inadequate participation of farmers at all stages of the process of benefiting farmers. The current study was conducted in the representative sorghum producing areas of Wollo i.e. Raya kobo, Kalu and Dawa chefa with the objective of assessing farmers’ preference towards improved sorghum varieties and providing a menu of sorghum technologies. The study was conducted in 2019 cropping season having one year duration. Both inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the collected data. Farmers’ perception was assessed using preference ranking and narration. Moreover, Agricultural events such as field days and experience sharing were prepared to capture farmers’ perception about the technologies. GenStat v.18th was used to analyze the data. Analysis of variance was employed to test the mean difference of yield among varieties. The result of ANOVA showed that improved sorghum varieties Dekeba and ESH1 gave the highest grain yield at respective sites. In kalu and Dawa chefa, farmers preferred Argiti whereas in Raya Kobo, Melkam was the variety preferred by the farmers. From the analysis of Spearman’s rank correlation, there was evidence on coincidence of farmers’ preference and the actual data. Therefore, based on the analysis of farmers’ preference and yield data, improved sorghum technologies Melkam and Argiti can be promoted in the respective districts of the study area
Adoption Status and Perception of Farmers on Improved Tef Technology Packages: Evidence from East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia
No full textTef is a major staple crop in Ethiopia and Eritrea. Many improved Tef varieties were released from the Ethiopian research institute in the past three decades. Information on the farmers’ adoption status and perception on released improved Tef technology have paramount importance for launching new and modifying Tef technology packages. However, such information is meager in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess farmers’ status and perception of improved Tef technologies. A multistage random sampling technique was employed to select sample of 224 Tef grower farmers. The results were interpreted and discussed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result indicated that farmers in the study area found at the medium level of adoption of Tef production technology (i.e., the average adoption index is 0.43). The findings also confirm that farmers perception towards the relative advantages of improved Tef varieties shows that high grain yield, good germination, early mature, and disease resistance capacity were perceived as the most crucial attributes of improved Tef varieties, whereas straw quality and tolerance to lodging were perceived as the least important attributes of the technology. Therefore, efforts and commitments to be expected from plant breeders and genetic specialists to reduce lodging of Tef through hybridizing semidwarf Tef varieties
Farmers’ Varietal Perception towards Improved Bread Wheat Technologies in Ethiopia: an Implication for Bread Wheat Technology Development
No full textThis study was proposed to analyze farmers’ varietal perception of bread wheat. From Meket district, four kebeles were randomly selected to achieve the above objective. The study uses cross-sectional data collected from randomly selected 214 farming households through an interview schedule. Fourteen Likert items were included in two categories as advantages and disadvantages of the technology. Five-point Likert scale was used to analyze varietal perceptions. One-way ANOVA was employed for testing the overall mean differences among bread wheat technology adoption categories. In addition, the Relative Importance Index (RII) was used to analyze item relative importance. Farmers supported improved bread wheat varieties for specific attributes such as, high marketability, early maturity, better grain yield, grain color, food quality, and storability were found to be taking the average score of 4.43, 4.43, 4.33, 4.01, 3.85, 3.45, and 3.26, respectively. Whereas, improved bread wheat varieties were perceived to be unsuitable for shattering problems, straw quality, and low yield performances in poor soil types. Therefore, breeding objectives should be oriented towards improving bread wheat variety traits related to shattering and straw quality. Limitation of labor is one of the major reasons for the low adoption rate of row planting. Hence, machinery should be carried out to promote row planting of bread wheat. Moreover, the study indicates the need to entertain farmers’ perception of bread wheat technologies for creating wider adoption.
Men's Attitude towards Contraceptive Use in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of 2000 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
No full textIn Ethiopia, family planning program is women slanting. Men '.r exclusion fromfamily planning strongly affects their preferred family size and attitude towardscOnlraceptive use. Some researchers also concluded toot women's attitude towardscontraception is strongly affected by their husband's attitudes. This article isdesigned to examine the influence of husband's attitude towards couple's currentcontraceptive use in Ethiopia. The 2000 Ethiopian Demographic Health Su",ey datais used as main data source. The qualitative data is also collected rhrough in·depthinte",iew from thirty·six currently married men in four regions (Tigray, Amhara,Oromiya and SNNPR). BOlh bivariate and multivariate analyses are applied in thestudy. Multilevel modeling was also further developed to identify the possiblecommunity level variation on couple 's current contraceptive use. Both bivariate andmultivariate analysis results showed that husband's approval of contraceptive /Lieand couple communicarion are statistically signijicanJ (at p<O.OI level ofsignificance) in contraceptive use, indicating that husbands who approve and discussfamily planning with partners oove positive altitude towards contraceptive use.Moreover, significant community level variations have beet! found in the multilevelmodel, demonstraring rhe existence of variation in husbands' attitude towardscontraceptive use across communities. The author suggests thaI the policy effortshould be made to enable men for realizing the positive consequence of theirapproval and discussion regarding family planning. Furthermore, the exisringfamilyplanning program in Ethiopia should focus on changing men's altitude towardsfamily planning
Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases
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