15,924 research outputs found
Impaired Postural Control Reduces Sit-to-Stand-to-Sit Performance in Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
No full textAbstract
Background: Functional activities, such as the sit-to-stand-to-sit (STSTS) task, are often impaired in individuals with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The STSTS task places a high demand on the postural control system, which has
been shown to be impaired in individuals with COPD. It remains unknown whether postural control deficits contribute to
the decreased STSTS performance in individuals with COPD.
Methods: Center of pressure displacement was determined in 18 individuals with COPD and 18 age/gender-matched
controls during five consecutive STSTS movements with vision occluded. The total duration, as well as the duration of each
sit, sit-to-stand, stand and stand-to-sit phase was recorded.
Results: Individuals with COPD needed significantly more time to perform five consecutive STSTS movements compared to healthy controls (1966 vs. 1364 seconds, respectively; p = 0.001). The COPD group exhibited a significantly longer stand phase (p = 0.028) and stand-to-sit phase (p = 0.001) compared to the control group. In contrast, the duration of the sit phase (p = 0.766) and sit-to-stand phase (p = 0.999) was not different between groups.
Conclusions: Compared to healthy individuals, individuals with COPD needed significantly more time to complete those phases of the STSTS task that require the greatest postural control. These findings support the proposition that suboptimal postural control is an important contributor to the decreased STSTS performance in individuals with COPD
Quantification of lower extremity physical exposures in various combinations of sit/stand time duration associated with sit-stand workstation
No full textBackground: Sit-stand workstations are available for office work purposes but there is a dearth of quantitative evidence to state benefits for lower limb outcomes while using them. And there are no guidelines on what constitutes appropriate sit/stand time duration. The primary aim of this study has been to compare muscle activity and perceived discomfort in the lower extremity during various combinations of sit/stand time duration associated with a sit-stand workstation separately and to evaluate the effects of the sit-stand workstation on the lower extremity during the text entry task. Material and Methods: During the 5 days, all participants completed a 2-h text entry task each day for various sit/stand time duration combinations as follows: 5/25 min, 10/20 min, 15/15 min, 20/10 min, 25/5 min. Lower extremity muscular exposure of 12 male and 13 female participants was collected at 8 sites by surface electromyography and body discomfort was calculated by a questionnaire under those 5 conditions. Results: Results have demonstrated that lower extremity muscle activity has been significantly varied among the 5 sit/stand time duration groups. Perceived level of discomfort (PLD) has not differed significantly for 9 out of 10 body parts. Conclusions: The muscle activity of the thigh region was influenced by sit/stand time duration significantly. Ergonomic exposures of lower extremity when using a sit-stand workstation were increased, particularly during the long time standing posture. Results indicate that body mass index (BMI) and gender were not significant factors in this study. Combination of sit/stand time duration 25/5 min appears to show positive effects on relief of muscle exposure of back of thigh in the shifts of sitting and standing work position. Med Pr 2017;68(3):315–32
THE USE OF GAMES IN IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILL BY THE FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MIN KETITANG, BOYOLALI
No full textThis final project report was arranged based on the job training done by
the writer as an English teacher in MIN Ketitang, Boyolali, started from February
1st, 2011 until May 26th, 2011. The objectives of this report are to describe the
process of teaching English speaking by using games, to describe the
effectiveness of using games in improving students’ speaking ability and to reveal
the problem and solution in teaching English speaking by using games.
The process of teaching and learning English speaking to the fifth grade
students of MIN Ketitang consists of four steps based on the lesson plan made by
the writer before. Those steps are warming up, presentation, production and
closing. In teaching English speaking, the writer applied games as the technique
of teaching. The games applied by the teacher were pass the message and Kim’s
game, which belong to memory game.
Based on the discussion, the use of games is an effective way to improve
students’ speaking skill, since it can encourage the students to speak English.
Game can also motivate the students to learn English.
The writer encountered some problems during the process of teaching
speaking to the fifth grade students of MIN Ketitang. The problems are limited
teaching material, class management, students’ interest and the mother tongue
interference. The writer also suggested the solution to overcome those problems,
such as looking for other sources to overcome the limitaion of teaching material
and asking the students to sit down by using louder voice to handle the noisy
students. The writer also applied games and gave the active students a reward to
attract the students’ interest. The writer asked the students to repeat after she
pronouced a word in order to make them good in pronounciation
Joint loading asymmetries in knee replacement patients observed both pre- and six months post-operation
No full textBackgroundStudies have highlighted asymmetries in knee joint moments during activities of daily living in individuals with osteoarthritis and joint replacements. However, there is a need to investigate the forces at the knee joints in order to establish the extent of loading asymmetry.MethodsTwenty healthy (mean, 62; range, 55-79 years of age) and 34 pre- to post-knee arthroplasty (mean, 64; range, 39-79 years of age) participants performed gait and sit-stand activities in a motion capture laboratory. Testing was conducted 4 weeks pre- and 6 months post- knee arthroplasty. Knee joint forces and moments were predicted using inverse dynamics and used to calculate peak loading and impulse data which were normalized to body weight. Comparisons were made in loading between affected and contralateral limbs, and changes from pre- to post-knee arthroplasty.FindingsPre-knee arthroplasty mean peak vertical knee forces were greater in the contralateral limb compared to the affected limb during both gait 3.5*body weight vs. 3.2*body weight and sit-stand 1.8*body weight vs. 1.5*body weight. During gait, peak knee adduction moment asymmetries significantly changed from pre- to post-knee arthroplasty (-0.3 to 0.8*% Body weight*m*Height), although differences in vertical knee forces remained. The sit-stand activity showed vertical ground reaction asymmetries slightly increased post- knee arthroplasty (from 0.06*body weight pre- to 0.08*body weight post). The healthy participants showed no noteworthy asymmetries.InterpretationThis study showed loading asymmetry of the ground reaction and tibio-femoral forces between affected and contralateral limbs both pre- post-knee arthroplasty. Continued over reliance of the contralateral limb could lead to pathology.<br/
Author Correction: Human fingerprint in global weather
No full textIn the version of this News & Views originally published, the ref. 5 author surnames Meihnausen, Fisher and Szekely were spelled incorrectly; they should have been spelled Meinshausen, Fischer and Székely, respectively. This has now been corrected. © 2020, Springer Nature Limited.11Nsciessciscopu
Population-based reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand test
No full textOBJECTIVES: To determine reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand (STS) test in an adult population.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study nested within a nationwide health promotion campaign in Switzerland. Adults performed the STS test and completed questions on demographics and health behavior.
RESULTS: 6,926 out of 7,753 (89.3 %) adults were able to complete the STS test. The median number of repetitions ranged from 50/min (25-75th percentile 41-57/min) in young men and 47/min (39-55/min) in young women aged 20-24 years to 30/min (25-37/min) in older men and 27/min (22-30/min) in older women aged 75-79 years.
CONCLUSIONS: The reference values support the interpretation of 1-min STS test performance and identification of subjects with decreased lower body muscular strength and endurance
Population-based reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand test
No full textObjectives: To determine reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand (STS) test in an adult population. Methods: Cross-sectional study nested within a nationwide health promotion campaign in Switzerland. Adults performed the STS test and completed questions on demographics and health behavior. Results: 6,926 out of 7,753 (89.3 %) adults were able to complete the STS test. The median number of repetitions ranged from 50/min (25-75th percentile 41-57/min) in young men and 47/min (39-55/min) in young women aged 20-24years to 30/min (25-37/min) in older men and 27/min (22-30/min) in older women aged 75-79years. Conclusions: The reference values support the interpretation of 1-min STS test performance and identification of subjects with decreased lower body muscular strength and enduranc
Correlation between 1-min-sit-to-stand test and 6-min walk test in patients with cardiorespiratory disorders: a brief review
No full textCardiorespiratory disorders, including cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, are significant global health issues, with millions of deaths annually attributed to these causes. Environmental factors play a substantial role in increasing the risk of these diseases. Children and adolescents with low cardiorespiratory fitness are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases later in life, and their fitness levels tend to remain low over the years. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is commonly used to assess exercise tolerance in patients with chronic lung diseases and cardiac conditions, while the 1-minute sit-to-stand test (1STS) measures a participant's ability to perform daily activities. This brief review was conducted on databases from Pubmed, Google scholar and Research Gate to find out the correlation between 1-min-sit-to-stand test and 6-min walk test in patients with cardiorespiratory disorders. This review included 10 studies on the comparison between 1-min-sit-to-stand and 6-min walk test in patients with cardiorespiratory disorders so as to frame a definite conclusion as to whether 1STST can be a valid alternative to 6MWT in the cardiorespiratory disorders
Population-based reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand test
No full textAbstract Objectives To determine reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand (STS) test in an adult population. Methods Cross-sectional study nested within a nationwide health promotion campaign in Switzerland. Adults performed the STS test and completed questions on demographics and health behavior
Is there a learning effect on 1-min sit-to-stand test in post-COVID-19 patients?
No full textThe 1-min sit-to-stand test is a repeatable field test without differences between the first and second tests. Hence, conducting one attempt of the 1-min STST would be enough to evaluate functional capacity in patients recovered from #COVID19. https://bit.ly/3y3ycA
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