1,720,955 research outputs found
The role of unrealistic absolute optimism in willingness to be treated and pay for medical services: The role of unrealistic absolute optimism
No full textAlarge body of literature has shown that unrealistic absolute optimism plays an important role in the medical decisions. Yet, previous studies have largely overlooked how it might impact peoples’ willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to treat themselves and, importantly, for their child. In this online study with N = 355 participants were asked to rate how likely that both they and their child will experience the risks associated with several different medical procedures and, thereafter, theirWTP and willingness to treat both themselves and their child. Participants generally exhibited unrealistic absolute pessimism, rating the likelihood of getting the side effect for themselves and for their child higher than the midpoint of the range of probabilities provided. Furthermore, participants who exhibited unrealistic absolute pessimism were more likely to agree to treatment, whereas those who showed unrealistic absolute optimism were less likely to agree to treatment and had a lower WTP for treatment. Our data reveal that unrealistic absolute pessimism, rather than unrealistic absolute optimism, might be associated with greater intention to undergo treatment and WTP for medical treatments.</p
Post-election challenges for Zambia
Full text linkThe two leading candidates in Zambia’s presidential election are in a tight race. The result will have a big influence on the country’s future economic directio
Policies Addressing Barriers to Low-Income Women and Children’s Health Care Utilization in the United States and Kenya: The Role of Physician Payments and Cash Transfer Programs
Full text linkThis dissertation examined two policies to improve low-income women and children’s healthcare utilization: physician payments and cash transfer programs. Higher physician payments increase the supply of healthcare services while cash transfers increase individuals’ demand for healthcare services. Cash transfer programs can improve health outcomes, yet the extent to which they are a cost-effective strategy is largely understudied. Therefore, this dissertation examines three overarching research questions: Are Medicaid physician fees associated with access to substance abuse disorder (SUD) treatment among low-income women of reproductive age? Do economic preferences moderate cash transfer program effects on children’s health care utilization? Evidence from a randomized field experiment in Kenya. Are cash transfer programs cost-effective in reducing infectious diseases amongst orphans and vulnerable children in Kenya?
Broadly, the evidence from these papers suggests that supply and demand driven public policies increase the use of healthcare services for low-income women and children. Specifically, higher state Medicaid physician payments improve access to SUD treatment for low-income non-Hispanic Black women of reproductive age. Further, cash transfer programs improve the use of preventative healthcare services for children, and this impact is moderated by a caregiver’s time preference. Additionally, a cash transfer program is cost-effective in reducing illnesses amongst children compared to the status-quo. Policy makers should invest resources in policies supporting increased physician payments and cash transfers to improve low-income women and children’s health
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
