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Book review : Simone Pollo. Umani e animali: questioni di etica. Carrocci Editore (Roma 2016)
Full text linkObra ressenyada: Simone POLLO, Umani e animali : questioni di etica. Roma: Carrocci Editore, 2016.Simone Pollo, philosopher at the Sapienza University of Rome, has made a new contribution to animal ethics with the publication of this book. The title can be translated as "Humans and Animals: Ethical Questions". The analysis focuses on how humans should treat the animals that surround them. After having examined the philosophical thinking that refers to animals, before and after the advent of Darwinian theories, the author offers a series of reflections on antispeciesism, nutrition, experimentation and wild animals. In the epilogue he suggests to change the way animals are treated by developing personal morality.Simone Pollo, filósofo de la Universidad de La Sapienza de Roma, ha hecho un nuevo aporte a la ética animal con la publicación de este libro. El título se puede traducir como "Humanos y animales: cuestiones de ética". El análisis se centra en cómo los humanos deberían tratar a los animales que los rodean. Después de haber examinado el pensamiento filosófico que se refiere a los animales, antes y después del advenimiento de las teorías darwinianas, el autor ofrece una serie de reflexiones sobre antiespecismo, nutrición, experimentación y animales salvajes. En el epílogo sugiere cambiar la forma en que se trata a los animales mediante el desarrollo de la moral personal
Book review : Simone Pollo. Umani e animali: questioni di etica. Carrocci Editore (Roma 2016)
No full textObra ressenyada: Simone POLLO, Umani e animali : questioni di etica. Roma: Carrocci Editore, 2016.Simone Pollo, philosopher at the Sapienza University of Rome, has made a new contribution to animal ethics with the publication of this book. The title can be translated as "Humans and Animals: Ethical Questions". The analysis focuses on how humans should treat the animals that surround them. After having examined the philosophical thinking that refers to animals, before and after the advent of Darwinian theories, the author offers a series of reflections on antispeciesism, nutrition, experimentation and wild animals. In the epilogue he suggests to change the way animals are treated by developing personal morality.Simone Pollo, filósofo de la Universidad de La Sapienza de Roma, ha hecho un nuevo aporte a la ética animal con la publicación de este libro. El título se puede traducir como "Humanos y animales: cuestiones de ética". El análisis se centra en cómo los humanos deberían tratar a los animales que los rodean. Después de haber examinado el pensamiento filosófico que se refiere a los animales, antes y después del advenimiento de las teorías darwinianas, el autor ofrece una serie de reflexiones sobre antiespecismo, nutrición, experimentación y animales salvajes. En el epílogo sugiere cambiar la forma en que se trata a los animales mediante el desarrollo de la moral personal
Simone Pollo, Umani e animali: questioni di etica, Carocci, Roma, 2016, pp. 148
Full text linkIssues about non-human animals are gaining an increasing attention in the public debate. Such kind of problems could not fail to concern moral philosophy and, more specifically, applied ethics. In recent decades, the need to include animals in the sphere of moral consideration has been specifically addressed by the philosophical analysis and a new area of research has arisen, i.e. “animal ethics”. Simone Pollo’s Umani e animali: questioni di etica is a contribution in this field of investigation and develops an original point of view with respect to the current philosophical debate. A first element of novelty can be found in the way the author takes into account the problem, since he does not care about ascribing to human beings a series of obligations towards animals, but he rather questions the position of animals in the moral life of human beings. Thus, in presenting the contents of the text, we will analyze in particular its theoretical framework and will discuss its main characteristics: (1) the anti-theoretical approach, (2) the reference to naturalism, and (3) the sentimentalist view. These points will offer the opportunity to point out a topic discussed by the author and which constitutes the background of his whole reflection, namely the notion of moral progress.Le questioni riguardanti gli animali non umani stanno guadagnando un’attenzione crescente nell’attuale dibattito pubblico. Quest’orizzonte di problemi non poteva non riguardare la filosofia morale e, più nello specifico, l’etica applicata. Già da qualche decennio, l’analisi filosofica ha tematizzato in maniera specifica la necessità di includere gli animali nella sfera di considerazione morale e intorno a tali questioni si è costituita un’area di ricerca apposita che va sotto la denominazione di “etica animale”. Umani e animali: questioni di etica di Simone Pollo si configura come un contributo in questo campo d’indagine e il suo interesse risiede nel fatto di elaborare un punto di vista originale rispetto al dibattito filosofico attuale. Un primo elemento di novità si può rintracciare già nell’impostazione stessa del problema, laddove l’autore non si preoccupa tanto di ascrivere agli esseri umani una serie di obblighi nei confronti degli animali, ma piuttosto si interroga su quale sia il posto degli animali nella vita morale degli esseri umani. Così, nel presentare i contenuti del testo, si analizzerà in particolare la sua intelaiatura teorica e si discuteranno tre caratteristiche della proposta presentata: (1) l’approccio anti-teorico, (2) il riferimento al naturalismo e (3) la natura sentimentalista. Questi punti offriranno l’occasione per inquadrare un tema discusso dall’autore e che costituisce lo sfondo dell’intera riflessione, vale a dire la nozione di progresso morale
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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