233 research outputs found
Assessing the postnatal condition: the predictive value of single items of the Apgar score
No full textAbstract Background The assessment of the newborn after birth is fundamental for identifying those requiring resuscitation. Certain components of the Apgar score are used to assess neonatal condition, but their value is insufficiently validated. We aimed to identify the components of the Apgar score that predict neonatal resuscitation. Methods Individual patient data from two multicenter trials were analyzed. Preterm newborns under 32 weeks of gestation and term newborns with perinatal acidosis and/or resuscitation were included. The extent of resuscitation was quantified by a standardized scoring system, and the clinical condition was quantified by a specified Apgar score. Correlation, linear regression and ROC analyses were used to address the study question. Results A total of 2093 newborns were included. Newborns in poor clinical condition at 1 min received more interventions at 5 and 10 min. Heart rate, muscle tone, reflexes and breathing quality, but not skin color, were moderately strong correlated with the extent of resuscitation at 5 ( r = 0.44 to 0.52) and 10 min ( r = 0.38 to 0.42). Heart rate, reflexes and chest movement at 1 min best predicted the subsequent need for resuscitation (R 2 = 0.31). The rare interventions of intubation, chest compressions and epinephrine administration can be predicted by the newborn’s condition at one minute, with a high sensitivity of 84% (cutoff ≤ 4 Apgar points) or a high specificity of 86% (cutoff ≤ 7 Apgar points). Conclusions The clinical impression at 1 min can help to predict the need for medical interventions. Contrary to recent guidelines, heart rate, reflexes and chest movement seem to have the highest values. Trial registration The Test APGAR study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00623038, 14/08/2008)
Delivery room management of infants with very low birth weight in 3 European countries-the video Apgar study
No full textObjective To assess delivery room management of infants born preterm at 4 Level III perinatal centers in 3 European countries.Study design This was a prospective, multicenter observational study. Management at birth was video-recorded and evaluated (Interact version 9.6.1; Mangold-International, Arnstorf, Germany). Data were analyzed and compared within and between centers.Results The infants (n = 138) differed significantly with respect to the median (25%, 75%) birth weight (grams) (Center A: 1200 [700, 1550]; Center B: 990 [719, 1240]; Center C: 1174 [835, 1435]; Center D: 1323 [971, 1515] [B vs A, C, D: P < .05]), gestational week (Center A: 28.4 [26.3, 30.0]; Center B: 27.9 [26.7, 29.6]; Center C: 29.3 [26.4, 31.0]; Center D: 30.3 [28.0, 31.9]), Apgar scores, rates of cesarean delivery, and time spent in the delivery room. Management differed significantly for frequency and drying time, rates of electrocardiographic monitoring, suctioning or stimulation, and for fundamental interventions such as time for achieving a reliable peripheral oxygen saturation signal (seconds) (Center A: 97.6 +/- 79.3; Center B: 65.1 +/- 116.2; Center C: 97.1 +/- 67.0; Center D: 114.4 +/- 140.5; B vs A, C, D: P < .001) and time for intubation (seconds) (Center A: 48.7 +/- 4.2; Center B: 49.0 +/- 30.7; Center C: 69.1 +/- 37.9; Center D: 65.1 +/- 23.8; B vs D, P < .025). Mean procedural times did not meet guideline recommendations. The sequence of interventions was similar at all centers.Conclusions The Video Apgar Study showed great variability in and between 4 neonatal centers in Europe. The study also showed it is difficult to adhere to published guidelines for recommended times for important, basic measures such as peripheral oxygen saturation measurements and intubation.Developmen
Author Co-Citation Analysis (ACA): a powerful tool for representing implicit knowledge of scholar knowledge workers
No full textIn the last decade, knowledge has emerged as one of the most important and valuable organizational assets. Gradually this importance caused to emergence of new discipline entitled ―knowledge management‖. However one of the major challenges of knowledge management is conversion implicit or tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Thus Making knowledge visible so that it can be better accessed, discussed, valued or generally managed is a long-standing objective in knowledge management. Accordingly in this paper author co- citation analysis (ACA) will be proposed as an efficient technique of knowledge visualization in academia (Scholar knowledge workers)
Performing Enlightenment: Johann Burkhard Mencke and Academic Self-Critique
No full textFor many Enlightenment philosophers, to do philosophy was not only to think and write, but also to live and act in the world. This performative purpose changed the meaning of philosophical texts as well as which texts could be considered as philosophical. The essay illustrates this point through the example of Johann Burkhard Mencke’s famous lectures, De charlataneria eruditorum −on charlatanry of the learned− first delivered at the University of Leipzig in 1713 and 1715. Mencke not only discussed the significance and problems of performance, but also emphasized his points by his own performance as a lecturer and as an author. He was not only critical of the false authority of others, but also of his own authority as well as that of his Enlightenment colleagues and allies. The lectures, I argue, exemplify a genre of Enlightenment philosophy that placed self-critique at the center.For many Enlightenment philosophers, to do philosophy was not only to think and write, but also to live and act in the world. This performative purpose changed the meaning of philosophical texts as well as which texts could be considered as philosophical. The essay illustrates this point through the example of Johann Burkhard Mencke’s famous lectures, De charlataneria eruditorum −on charlatanry of the learned− first delivered at the University of Leipzig in 1713 and 1715. Mencke not only discussed the significance and problems of performance, but also emphasized his points by his own performance as a lecturer and as an author. He was not only critical of the false authority of others, but also of his own authority as well as that of his Enlightenment colleagues and allies. The lectures, I argue, exemplify a genre of Enlightenment philosophy that placed self-critique at the center
Implementasi Algoritma Not So Naive dan Algoritma Burkhard-Keller Tree pada Aplikasi Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Hokkian Berbasis Android
No full textBahasa Hokkian umumnya dikenal sebagai bahasa ibu komunitas Tionghoa di Medan. Namun belum ada metode yang digunakan untuk mempelajari bahasa tersebut karena masih dilakukan secara manual. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu media yang dapat mempermudah seseorang dalam mempelajari bahasa tersebut yaitu aplikasi smartphone yang praktis. Kemudahan dalam mengakses suatu informasi juga sangat penting. Untuk mempermudah seseorang mempelajari bahasa tersebut penulis membuat aplikasi kamus offline berbasis Android dengan menggunakan algoritma Not So Naive sebagai algoritma exact string matching dan algoritma Burkhard-Keller Tree sebagai algoritma approximate string matching dengan menggunakan sistem manajemen database SQLite sebagai media penyimpanan data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing algoritma dalam mengakses suatu informasi serta menampilkan hasil running time kedua algoritma. Dalam hal proses pencarian, kedua algoritma memiliki cara kerja yang berbeda. Algoritma Not So Naive mengidentifikasi terlebih dahulu dua kasus untuk menentukan nilai pergeseran, yang dapat dilakukan sebanyak 2 posisi ke kanan sedangkan algoritma Burkhard-Keller Tree mencari kata berdasarkan batas atas dan batas bawah serta batas toleransi kesalahan yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu pencarian algoritma Burkhard-Keller Tree meningkat sebesar 58,26% dan 74% pada algoritma Not So Naive seiring dengan meningkatnya ukuran database. Algoritma Not So Naive memiliki rata-rata running time 25,45ms dan rata-rata running time sebesar 59,95ms pada algoritma Burkhard-Keller Tree.The Hokkien language is generally known as the mother tongue of the Chinese community in Medan. However, there is no method used to learn the language because it is still done manually. Therefore, we need a form of media that can make it easier for someone to learn the language, namely a practical smartphone application. Ease of accessing information is also very important. To make it easier for someone to learn the language, the author creates an Android-based offline dictionary application using the Not So Naive algorithm as an exact string matching algorithm and the Burkhard-Keller Tree algorithm as an approximate string matching algorithm using the SQLite database management system as a data storage medium. This study aims to prove the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm in accessing information and display the results of the running time of both algorithms. In regards to the search processes, the two algorithms have a different way of working. The Not So Naive algorithm first identifies two cases to decide the value of the shift, which can be done in 2 positions to the right, while the Burkhard-Keller Tree algorithm looks for words based on predetermined upper and lower limits and fault tolerance limits. The results showed that the search time for the Burkhard-Keller Tree algorithm increased by 58,26% and 74% for the Not So Naive algorithm as the database size increased. The Not So Naive algorithm has a mean running time of 24.85 ms and a mean running time of 60.4 ms on the Burkhard-Keller Tree algorithm.96 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Neuropédiatrie: Le patient n’arrête pas de convulser: état de mal épileptique réfractaire ou super-réfractaire
No full textNeuropädiatrie: Der Patient hört nicht auf zu krampfen: der refraktäre resp. superrefraktäre Status epilepticus
No full textImpact of Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Rules on Admission, Cranial Computed Tomography and Skull X-ray Rates in a Central European Hospital
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