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Analisi morfometrica dello sviluppo radicolare del terzo molare su un campione di popolazione albanese
No full textLygaeus simla Distant
No full text<i>Lygaeus simla</i> Distant <p> <i>L</i>. <i>simla</i> Distant, 1909: 319; Slater, 1964: 100.</p> <p> <b>New placement:</b> junior synonym of <i>T. leucopterus</i> (Goeze, 1778), <b>syn. nov.</b></p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Syntype ɗ <i>Lygaeus simla</i> Distant, with the following labels: 1. Museum circular red-margined type label, with “ TYPE ” pr; 2. “ Lygaeus simla Dist. type ” hwr; 3. “N. A. Matiana 8000 ft. Simla Hills” pr; 4. “Distant Coll. 1911 – 383.” pr.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Originally described from an unspecified number of specimens from “ Simla Hills; Matiana (Annandale).”. The type of this species very clearly belongs to the genus <i>Tropidothorax,</i> because of the structure of its pronotum and scutellum (median ridges on the anterior lobe of pronotum and on scutellum without a transverse elevation on scutellum forming a “T” with the ridge). As there is no substantial difference between <i>L. simla</i> and the wide-spread species <i>T. leucopterus</i> (Goeze), the two are here synonymised. The type of <i>leucopterus</i> has not been studied, but as it is the only species of the genus in the West Palaearctic subregion its identity is not in question.</p>Published as part of <i>Kondorosy, El Ő D, Lyal, Christopher Henry Coutts & Webb, Michael Donald, 2006, Nomenclatorial changes in Oriental Lygaeinae seed bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae), pp. 45-56 in Zootaxa 1383</i> on page 53, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/273666">10.5281/zenodo.273666</a>
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Members of the Indian Eugenics Society of Simla and Lahore
No full textMembers of the Indian Eugenics Society of Simla and Lahore. Birbal Sahni, the eminent palaeobotanist is listed as a sympathiser of the society.
Date: c. 1920s
Source: Wellcome Collection Archives, Folder: SA/EUG/E.8
© Wellcome Collection Archives</p
Masteria simla
No full textMasteria simla (Chickering, 1966) (Figs 26, 31B, 32) Accola simla Chickering, 1966: 160, figs 6–8). Masteria simla: Brignoli, 1983: 126. Type. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO. ♂ holotype, William Beebe Tropical Research Station (10°41'1"N; 61°17'W), Arima Valley, Arima, Saint George County, 15.IV.1964, A.M. Chickering leg., deposited in AMNH, examined. Additional material examined. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, Saint George County: Arima, Arima Valley (10°37’0”N; 61°16’0”W) 1♂, 1♀, P. Wygodzinsky & D. Rosen leg. (AMNH). Diagnosis. Males of Masteria simla resemble those of M. spinosa, M. sabrinae n. sp. and M. galipote n. sp. in have paraembolic apophysis in the male palp, but differ from these species in the long and straight paraembolic apophysis, and embolus with an accentuate curvature (Fig. 26A–B). Females are similar to Masteria spinosa and M. galipote n. sp. in the bilobed spermathecae with the ectal lobe high and inner short, but differ from M. spinosa in the smaller ectal lobe and glandular region in the median area, and from M. galipote n. sp. in the contiguous lobes of spermathecae (Fig. 26E). Note. Femur I of the male used in the description is missing; the apical segment of posterior lateral spinneret of the male is missing, as is the abdomen of the female used in description, except genitalia in this damaged specimen. Description. Male (Trinidad, Arima, Arima Valley, AMNH). Color: carapace in dorsal and ventral views and legs yellowish, abdomen whitish. Total length 2.93. Carapace 1.28 long, 1.13 wide. Abdomen 1.65 long. Fovea 0.09. Clypeus 0.04. Ocular tubercle 0.18 long, 0.28 wide. Eyes: 8, posterior row slightly recurved. AME, 0.02, ALE 0.10, PME 0.06, PLE 0.11. Basal segments of chelicerae with 10 prolateral teeth, and 11 smaller mesobasal teeth. Labium 0.13 long, 0.25 wide. Sternum 0.65 wide, 0.68 long. Palp: femur 0.91/ patella 0.44/ tibia 0.75/ tarsus 0.25/ total 2.35. Legs I: femur absent/ patella 0.66/ tibia 1.10/ metatarsus 0.82/ tarsus 0.69/ total 3.27; II: femur 0.94/ patella 0.50/ tibia 0.75/ metatarsus 0.72/ tarsus 0.63/ total 3.54; III: 1.00/ 0.44/ 0.82/ 0.85/ 0.66/ 3.77; IV: 1.22/ 0.54/ 1.19/ 1.16/ 0.72/ 4.83; Leg formula 4132 (inferred); Spination: palp: patella v1, p1, tibia r1; Legs I: tibia v1, p1, metatarsus v1-1 -1, p1; II: patella v1, p1, tibia v1-1, p1-1-1, metatarsus v1-1, p1; III: femur p1, r1, patella p1, r1-1, tibia d1-1-1, v1-1 -1-3ap, p1-1-1, r1-1, metatarsus d1-1-1, v1-1 -3ap, p1, r1-1; IV: femur p1, r1, patella v1, p1-1, r1, tibia d2b, v1-1 -1-3ap, p1-1-1, r1-1, metatarsus d1-2, v1-3 ap, p1, r1. Tibia I: P1 a strong and projected spur, P2 a strong spur with slightly projected base below P1 and P3, and P3 two spines sharing same projected base. Metatarsus I with flattened basal spine and basal depression associated with with prolateral processes of tibia I (Figs 26C, 31B). Palpal tibia 2.5 times length of cymbium, with row of 6–7 elongated ventral setae, group of 30– 35 elongated setae on medial portion in retrolateral view (Fig. 26D). Cymbium as long as wide with 4 apical spines. Palpal bulb piriform with elongated tegulum, long embolus, bigger than paraembolic apophysis, with strong curvature, paraembolic apophysis flattened, shorter than embolus (Fig. 26A–B). PLS: basal and medial, apical lost, 0.48, 0.50 long. Female (Trinidad, Arima, Arima Valley, AMNH). Color: Carapace in dorsal view yellowish, carapace in ventral view and legs whitish. Carapace 1.20 long, 0.93 wide. Abdomen lost. Fovea 0.07. Clypeus 0.03. Ocular tubercle 0.14 long, 0.19 wide. Eyes: 8, posterior row slightly recurved. AME 0.02, ALE 0.06, PME 0.04, PLE 0.08. Basal segment of chelicerae with 10 prolateral teeth and 11 smaller mesobasal teeth. Labium 0.15 long, 0.23 wide. Sternum 0.58 wide, 0.65 long. Palp: femur 0.58/ patella 0.30/ tibia 0.43/ tarsus 0.40/ total 1.71; Legs I: femur 0.95/ patella 0.48/ tibia 0.73/ metatarsus 0.58/ tarsus 0.50/ total 3.24; II: 0.70/ 0.40/ 0.53/ 0.48/ 0.43/ 2.54; III: 0.73/ 0.38/ 0.48/ 0.53/ 0.45/ 2.57; IV: 0.98/ 0.43/ 0.78/ 0.78/ 0.55/ 3.52; Leg formula 4132. Spination: palp: femur p1, patella v1, tibia v1-1, tarsus v2 b; Legs I: femur p1, patella v1, p1, tibia v1-1 -1, p1-1, metatarsus v1-1 -1, p1; II: femur p1, patella v1, p1, tibia v1-1 -1, p1-1, metatarsus v1-1 -1, p1; III: femur r1, patella v1, p1, r1, tibia d1b, v1-1 -1, p1-1, r1- 1, metatarsus d1, v1-1 -3ap, p1, r1; IV: femur p1, r1, patella v1, p1, tibia d2b-1, v1-1 -1-3ap, p1-1-1, r1-1, metatarsus v1-3 ap, p1, r1-1. Palpal claw with 15 teeth. Spermathecae bilobed, ectal lobe with elongated duct, ental lobe with inconspicuous duct and small glandular region between the lobes (Fig. 26E). PLS lost. Variation. 2 males: total length 2.93–3.29. Distribution. Northern Trinidad, Simla, Arima Valley (Fig. 32).Published as part of Passanha, Victor & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2018, On the Neotropical spider Subfamily Masteriinae (Araneae, Dipluridae), pp. 1-73 in Zootaxa 4463 (1) on pages 46-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.144191
At the Simla Conference and in the General Elections
No full textOn Lord Wavell’s initiative, the Simla Conference was held to discuss the proposal of a new executive council and a new constitution for India after the war. Master Tara Singh represented the Sikh community at the Simla Conference. The Conference failed due to Jinnah’s insistence that the Muslim League alone had the right to nominate Muslim representatives on the Executive Council. The failure of the Conference made the general elections of 1945–6 all the more important. The general elections resulted in a large degree of polarization between the Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs. The Muslim League got Muslim mandate in favour of Pakistan. The Congress got a mandate of Hindus and a considerable proportion of the Sikhs for independence without partition. The Akalis got support of the large majority of the Sikhs for an independent political entity of the Sikhs. This polarization was of crucial importance for the future.</p
Aschnaoonops simla Platnick & Dupérré & Berniker & Bonaldo 2013, new combination
No full textAschnaoonops simla (Chickering), new combination Figures 568–578 Dysderina simla Chickering, 1968: 29, figs. 65–68 (male holotype from Simla, Arima, Trinidad, in MCZ; examined). DIAGNOSIS: Males can be recognized by the tiny projection paralleling the tip of the embolus (figs. 574–576); females by the short, T-shaped anterior genitalic process (fig. 578). MALE (PBI_ OON 10679, figs. 568, 571– 576): Total length 1.81. ALE separated by less than their radius. Sternum surface coarsely reticulate, microsculpture everywhere but front. Endites with anterior process broad, sinuous, wide at tip. Dorsal scutum covering full length of abdomen, no soft tissue visible from above, not fused to epigastric scutum. Postepigastric scutum long, almost rectangular, extending to nearly full length of abdomen. Leg spination: femur I p0-0-2, r1-1-0; tibiae I, II v4- 4-1p; metatarsi: I v2-2-2; II v2-0-2. Sperm pore small, narrow, slitlike. Cymbium without distal patch of setae. Embolus retrolaterally excavated, triangular in prolateral view. FEMALE (PBI_OON 919, figs. 569, 570, 577, 578): Total length 2.20. Dorsal scutum covering more than 3/4 of abdomen length, more than 1/2 to most of abdomen width, fused to epigastric scutum. Postepigastric scutum almost semicircular, covering about 1/3 of abdomen length. Leg spination: femora I, II p0-0-2, r1-1-1; tibiae I, II v4-4- 2; metatarsi: I v2-1p-2; II v2-0-2. Anterior genitalic process short, T-shaped, basal sclerite with two lateral lobes. OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: Trinidad: Navy Base, SW Trinidad, Apr. 1945 (R. Ingle, AMNH PBI _ OON 38043), 1♀. Arima: Arima Forest Reserve, 11 km SE Arima, June 13–22, 1993, flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, FMNH 43142, PBI _ OON 10685), 1♂; Arima Valley, Feb. 10–22, 1964, elev. 800–1200 ft (P. Wygodzinsky, J. Rozen, AMNH PBI _ OON 38044, 38045), 2♂, 1♀; road to Blanchesseuse, 4–13 mi N Simla, Apr. 22, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66673, PBI _ OON 921), 1♂; Simla, Arima Valley, Mar. 31, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66675, PBI _ OON 920), 1♂, Apr. 5, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ PBI _ OON 918), 1♂, 1♀ (holotype, paratype), Apr. 5–25, 1964 (A. Chickering, MCZ 66674, PBI _ OON 919), 1♂, 8♀. Saint George: Maracas Valley, above Loango village, June 9–22, 1993, flight intercept trap (S., J. Peck, FMNH43136, PBI _ OON 10679), 3♂, 2♀. DISTRIBUTION: Trinidad.Published as part of Platnick, Norman I., Dupérré, Nadine, Berniker, Lily & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2013, The Goblin Spider Genera Prodysderina, Aschnaoonops, And Bidysderina (Araneae, Oonopidae), pp. 1-102 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2013 (373) on page 86, DOI: 10.1206/822.1, http://zenodo.org/record/540022
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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