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Faktor Resiko Kurang Energi Protein Pada Balita di Kota Medan
No full textProtein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) among Indonesian children is one of the
health problems caused by nutritional deficiency. Many risk factors of PEM in
children are: infection, gender, age, weight, non exclusive breast feeding, incomplete
immunization, birth sequence, low income, working mother, parents with low
education level, family size etc. The purpose of this study is to identify the
relationship of risk factors with PEM in children. The study design is case control,
and 230 subjects were recruited from children ward of Pimgadi Hospital Medan.
Medical records from 1999 to 2003 were used to obtain secondary data. Descriptive
analysis, bivariate analysis with chi-square test and logistic regressions test. were
done to determine significant statistical association.
Results show significant relationship with 95% confidence interval for
variable: infection, age 12-23 months, birth sequence 3th
- 4th
, non exclusive breast
feeding, mother with low education level, and family size (rO,OOO). Age <12 months
(p = 0.26), age 24-35 months (p = 0.005), age 36-47 months (rO.010). Birth weight
:s; 2500 grams with (p = 0.039). Incomplete immunization (p =0.006). Birth sequence
5th_6th (p = 0.001). The result of logistic regression test shows dominant risk factors
which caused PEM in children in Medan are : infection, low income, family size (p =
0.000), and non exclusive breast feeding (p=0.012)
Intervention of PEM in children can be done by reducing infection, rate,
applying exclusive breast feeding practice among children under 2 years old,
implementation of family planning, health education etc. An inter program and cross
sectoral involving health, agriculture, labour, education and social sectors are needed.
Revitalization of Posyandu by boosting activities such as: regular body weight of
babies, immunization, mothers and children health care program, family planning
program, additional food supply (PMT), health service can support the progam.Penyakit kurang energi protein (KEP) pada balita di Indonesia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan akibat gizi kurang, Banyak faktor resiko terjadinya KEP pada balita diantaranya: penyakit infeksi, jenis kelamin, umur, berat badan lahir rendah, tidak diberi ASI eksklusif, imunisasi tidak lengkap, nomor urut anak, pekerjaan ayah dengan tingkat sosial ekonomi yang rendah, ibu pekerja, tingkat pendidikan orang tua yang rendah, jumlah anggota keluarga yang besar dan lain- lain .Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempengarahui hubungan faktor resiko dengan KEP pada balita. Desain penelitian kasus kontrol dengan 230 responden (l :1), dari bagian anak RS. Pirngadi Medan, Data sekunder dari rekam medik balita penderita KEP yang berdomisili di Kota Medan selama periode tahun 1999-2003 di analisa. Analisis deskriptif, analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi- Square dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regressi logistik, dilakukan untuk melihat asosiasi KEP dengan multifaktor. Hasil menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna pada tingkat kepercayaan 95 % pada variabel : Penyakit infeksi, umur 12-23 bulan, nomor urut anak ke 3-4, pekerjaan ayah tingkat sosial ekonomi rendah, tingkat pendidikan ibu yang rendah, jumlah anak > 2 (p = 0,000), umur 2 (p=0,000) dan tidak diberikan ASI eksklusif(p=0,0l2). Upaya penanggulangan masalah KEP pada balita dapat dilakukan dengan mengurangi/ mengatasi faktor resiko. Melalui perawatan kesehatan, pencegahan infeksi potensial KEP, pemberian ASI eksklusif, perbaikan sosial ekonomi keluarga, keluarga berencana, imunisasi dan lain-lain. Kerjasama lintas program dan lintas sektor seperti: kesehatan, pertanian, ketenaga kerjaan, pendidikan, kesejahteraan sosial dan kependudukan juga dibutuhkan. Revitalisasi posyandu dengan menggalakkan kegiatan program : penimbangan balita secara rutin, imunisasi, upaya kesehatan ibu dan anak, pelayanan keluarga berencana, upaya perbaikan gizi, pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) pemulihan, penyuluhan kesehatan akan sangat mendukung.178 HalamanTesis Magiste
SANITASI LINGKUNGAN PERUMAHAN DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TENTANG PENYAKIT FILARIASIS DI DESA AERAPA KECAMATAN SINUNUKAN KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL TAHUN 2016
Get PDFRumah yang sehat harus mempunyai fasilitas sanitasi lingkungan perumahan yang memadai dan tidak terdapat lingkungan yang kotor seperti pembuangan sampah berserakan, masih banyaknya genangan-genangan air tidak dibersihkan sehingga menyebabkan tempat yang potensial untuk perindukan nyamuk. Perilaku kesehatan adalah semua aktivitas yang diamati maupun yang tidak dapat diamati. Program eliminasi filariasis adalah tercapainya keadaan dimana penularan filariasis di tengah-tengah masyarakat sedemikian rendahnya sehingga penyakit ini tidak menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sanitasi lingkungan perumahan dan perilaku masyarakat tentang penyakit filariasis di desa Aerapa Kecamatan Sinunukan Kabupaten Mandailing Natal tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Jumlah populasi penelitian ini adalah 252 KK dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 71 KK. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi. Data dianalisis secara univariat. Dengan hasil penelitian bahwa pengetahuan responden tentang filariasis mayoritas cukup yaitu 76 %, sikap responden mayoritas cukup yaitu 63%, tindakan responden mayoritas kurang yaitu 63% dan mayoritas responden memiliki sanitasi lingkungan rumah yang kurang yaitu 79%. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah tindakan masyarakat kurang dan sanitasi lingkungan perumahan masyarakat moyoritas kurang dan di sarankan agar masyarakat lebih meningkatkan dan membina lebih intensif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan,sikap,dan tindakan pencegahan tentang penyakit filariasis dan meningkatkan kebersihan lingkungan perumahan maupun gotong royong. Dan masyarakat mau dan mampu membersihkan lingkungan rumahnya dan memakai pelindung diri untuk menghindari gigitan nyamuk
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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