46 research outputs found
Some Queries Addressed to Myself
No full textThis panoramic synthesis of his career offered by Carlo Ginzburg on the occasion of the 2010 Awards Ceremony in Rome first appeared in Premi Balzan 2010 (Milan). It was reissued on the occasion of his Balzan Lecture at the Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, on 5 October 2011, co-hosted with the Embassies of Italy and Switzerland in Washington. This latter version has been republished on Cromohs 18 (2013), with the permission of the Author and of the Balzan Foundation
Evaluation of postoperative criteria of liver failure as a prognostic factor of mortality after hepatectomy: importance of the combined alteration of prothrombin time and serum bilirubin
No full textINTRODUÇÃO. A definição de insuficiência hepática pós-operatória (IHP) não é ainda padronizada, dificultando a comparação de inovações em procedimentos hepáticos e tornando complexo o uso de possíveis intervenções terapêuticas pós- operatórias em um momento adequado. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS. Entre 1998 e 2002, 775 resecções hepáticas eletivas, dos quais 531 (69%) por doenças malignas e 464 (60%) consistindo em hepatectomias maiores, foram incluídas de maneira prospectiva em um banco de dados. O parênquima hepático não-tumoral foi anormal em 330 pacientes (43%) incluindo esteatose em mais que 30% dos hepatócitos em 107 (14%), fibrose sem cirrose em 237 (43%) e cirrose em 94 (12%). Foi analisado o impacto sobre a mortalidade da ocorrência de tempo de protrombina (TP) menor que 50% e bilirrubina total sérica (BT) maior que 50 µmol/L (3 mg/dl) (critério 50-50) nos dias pós-operatórios (PO) 1, 3, 5 e 7. RESULTADOS. A cinética pós-operatória do TP e da BT foram diferentes. O menor nível de TP foi no primeiro dia pós-operatório (PO) e o pico de BT foi no terceiro dia PO. A tendência ao retorno para valores pré-operatórios destes dois fatores bioquímicos se firmou claramente no quinto DPO. A mortalidade operatória global foi de 3.4% (26 pacientes), incluindo 21 (81%) casos com parênquima não-tumoral anormal e 20 (77%) após uma hepatectomia maior. O índice de mortalidade foi maior em pacientes com TP < 50% ou BT > 50 µmol/L (3 mg/dl) no pós-operatório. A conjunção de TP < 50% e BT > 50 µmol/L (3 mg/dl) no quinto DPO foi potente fator preditivo de mortalide, a qual atingiu 59% quando esta associação ocorreu. CONCLUSÕES. A partir do quinto dia PO, a associação de TP > 50% e BT > 50 µml/L (3 mg/dl) (critério 50-50) foi preditor prático e acurado de índice de mortalidade após hepatectomia. Propõe-se assim este critério como definição de insuficiência hepática pós-operatória.INTRODUCTION. Definition of postoperative liver failure (PLF) is not standardized, rendering complex the comparison of novelties in liver procedures and also the use of possible postoperative therapeutic interventions in due time. METHODS. Between 1998 and 2002, 775 elective liver resections, whence 531 (69%) were for malignancies and 464 (60%) for major resections, were included in a prospective database. The non- tumorous hepatic parenchima was abnormal in 330 patients (43%) including steatosis > 30% in 107 (14%), non-cirrhotic fibrosis in 237 (43%) and cirrhosis in 94 (12%). The clinical impact of Prothrombin Time (PT) < 50% and Serum Bilirubin (SB) > 50µmol/L (3 mg/dl) (50-50 criteria) on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, 5 and 7 was analyzed. RESULTS. Kinetic of postoperative PT and SB were different. Lowest PT levels were on POD1 and the peak of SB was on POD 3. The tendency to return to preoperative values of these two biochemical factors was clearly affirmed on POD 5. Operative mortality was 3.4% (26 patients), including 21 (81%) cases with abnormal liver parenchyma and 20 (77%) following major hepatectomies. Mortality rate was increased in patients with PT < 50% or SB > 50µmol/L (3mg/dl). The conjunction of PT < 50% and SB > 50µmol/L (3 mg/dl) on POD 5 was a strong predictive factor of increased mortality, which reached 59%. CONCLUSIONS We found that after postoperative day 5, the association of PT > 50% and SB > 50µml/L (3 mg/dl) (50-50 criteria) was a simple and accurate predictor of mortality after hepatectomy. These results allow us to propose this criteria as a definition of postoperative liver failure
Generating New Insights into the Study of Collective Memory
No full textAuthor: Lina Klymenko In November 2018, I participated in the workshop “Contested Memories in the City: Monuments, Archives, Traces” organized by Sarah Dornhof (Center “Cultural Foundations of Integration”) and Ulrike Capdepón and Piotr Kisiel (Balzan Price research group led by Aleida and Jan Assmann) at the University of Konstanz. The workshop gathered scholars and artists who work on collective memory in an urban setting. It combined keynote speeches by leading scholars in the field of Mem..
A Auto-avaliação como Parte Integrante do Processo de Avaliação Institucional
No full texta estudo focaliza a auto-avaliação como parte integrante do processo de Avaliação lnstitucional e tem como objetivo oferecer alternativas para que o docente universitário proceda à sua própria reflexão, análise e avaliação sobre seu desempenho enquanto educador. a autor toma como referência três pesquisas que deram origem a teses de doutorado, as conclusões extraídas pelo organizador de uma coletânea de textos elaborados por ex-alunos de diferentes níveis de ensino e áreas de conhecimento e cinco exemplos de situações de ensino e aprendizagem resultantes de sua própria experiência enquanto professor e pesquisador. As qualidades desejáveis no docente universitário que atua em nível de excelência, assim como as qualidades não-desejáveis no professor universitário são apresentadas de duas formas: através de itens que definem atitudes e comportamentos e habilidades docentes e por meio de textos que indicam as referidas qualidades. a autor indica aos leitores interessados em quantificar seus próprios perfis docentes, formas que tornam possível atingir este objetivo.Abstract: The study focuses on self-evaluation as an integral part of the lnstitutional Evaluation. lt has the objective of offering alternatives for university professors to make their own proper reflection, analysis and evaluation about their performance as educators. The author takes as a reference three studies gave rise to doctoral thesis, the conclusions extracted by the editor of a collection of texts elaborated by graduates of different levels of educational areas of knowledge and five examples of teaching and learning selected from his own experience as a professor and researcher. The qualities looked for in a university professor who works at a level of excellence, as well as non-desirable characteristics in such a professor, are presented in two ways: by means of items that define teacher attitudes, behavior and ability and through texts that indicate the qualities refered to For readers interested in quantifying their own proper teacher profiles, the author indicates ways to reach this objective.Descriptors: self-evaluation, teacher profile, level of excellence, institutional evaluation, university professor
C-Reactive Protein: Higher During Acute Psychotic Episodes and Related to Cortical Thickness in Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls
No full textCopyright © 2018 Jacomb, Stanton, Vasudevan, Powell, O'Donnell, Lenroot, Bruggemann, Balzan, Galletly, Liu, Weickert and Weickert. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.There is increasing evidence for the role of inflammation in schizophrenia, yet the stability of increased peripheral inflammation in acute psychosis and the degree to which peripheral inflammation relates to cortical thickness, a measure of the degree of neuropathology, are unknown. In independent samples, we assessed the peripheral inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) to determine the extent to which: (1) CRP was elevated and stable across admissions for acute psychosis, (2) cognition, daily function and symptom severity are characteristic of chronically ill patients with schizophrenia displaying elevated CRP, and (3) CRP levels predict cortical thickness. Study 1 assessed peripheral CRP (primary outcome) and other blood measures in 174/280 people with acute psychosis while Study 2 assessed peripheral CRP, cognition and cortical thickness (primary outcomes), symptoms, and daily function in 85/97 chronically ill patients with schizophrenia and 71/87 healthy controls. In acute psychosis, CRP and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were significantly elevated relative to a normal cutoff (with 59.8% of patients having elevated CRP) which remained elevated across admissions. CRP was significantly elevated in 43% of chronically ill patients with schizophrenia compared to 20% in controls. Elevated CRP patients displayed significantly worse working memory and CRP was inversely correlated with cortical thickness in frontal, insula, and temporal brain regions. This work supports the role of inflammation in psychotic illnesses and suggests that use of peripheral markers (e.g., CRP) in conjunction with diagnosis could be used to identify patients with more cortical neuropathology and cognitive deficits
Dopamine, cognitive biases and assessment of certainty: A neurocognitive model of delusions
No full textThis paper examines the evidence that delusions can be explained within the framework of a neurocognitivemodel of how the brain assesses certainty. Here, ‘certainty’ refers to both low-level interpretations of one's en- vironment and high-level (conscious) appraisals of one's beliefs and experiences. A model is proposed explain- ing how the brain systems responsible for assigning certainty might dysfunction, contributing to the cause and maintenance of delusional beliefs. It is suggested that delusions arise through a combination of perturbed striatal dopamine and aberrant salience as well as cognitive biases such as the tendency to jump to conclusions (JTC) and hypersalience of evidence-hypothesis matches. The role of emotion, stress, trauma and sociocultural factors in forming and modifying delusions is also considered. Understanding the mechanisms involved in forming and maintaining delusions has important clinical implications, as interventions that improve cognitive flexibility (e.g. cognitive remediation therapy and mindfulness training) could potentially attenuate neurocognitive processes.© 2017, Elsevier Ltd. The attached document (embargoed until 18/03/2019) is an author produced version of a paper published in Clinical Psychology Review, uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self- archiving policy. The final published version (version of record) is available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.04.006. Some minor differences between this version and the final published version may remain. We suggest you refer to the final published version should you wish to cite from it
UHI Research Database pdf download summary Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats Link to author version on UHI Research Database Citation for published version (APA): Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats: a SWOT analysis of the ecos
No full textBull, J.w.; Jobstvogt, N.; Böhnke-henrichs, A.; Mascarenhas, A.; Sitas, N.; Baulcomb, C.; Lambini, C.k.; Rawlins, M.; Baral, H.; Zähringer, J.; Carter-silk, E.; Balzan, M.v.; Kenter, J.o.; Häyhä, T.; Petz, K.; Koss, R. Published in: Ecosystem Services Publication date: 2016 The Document Version you have downloaded here is: Peer reviewed version The final published version is available direct from the publisher website at: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2015.11.012 Link to author version on UHI Research Database Citation for published version (APA): Bull, J., Jobstvogt, N., Böhnke-henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., ... Koss, R. (2016). Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework. Ecosystem Services, 17, 99-111. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2015 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the UHI Research Database are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights: 1) Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the UHI Research Database for the purpose of private study or research. 2) You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain 3) You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the UHI Research Database Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at [email protected] providing details; we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. We completed a SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services (ES) framework The ES approach is a useful interdisciplinary communication tool Implementation is hampered by incomplete science and inconsistent application The ES approach could benefit from more alignment with existing policies and tools Threats include insufficient funding and a loss of political will We discuss strategies in light of the SWOT for furthering the approach *Highlight
Investigation of sex differences in delusion-associated cognitive biases
No full text© 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
This author accepted manuscript is made available following 12 month embargo from date of publication (December 2018) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyIn the past few decades, sex differences have been identified in a number of clinical, cognitive and functional outcomes in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, to date, sex differences in higher-order cognitive biases have not been systematically studied. The present study aimed to examine sex differences in jumping-to-conclusions and evidence integration impairment based on data collected in two previous studies in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and healthy controls. For this purpose, data from n = 58 patients and n = 60 healthy controls on the Fish Task (as a measure of jumping to conclusions) and bias against disconfirmatory evidence (BADE; as a measure of evidence integration) task were analyzed. Results indicated a lack of sex differences in jumping-to-conclusions and evidence integration impairment both in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and healthy controls. Although the present study was adequately powered to detect sex differences of a low medium effect size, larger studies are warranted to exclude differences of a smaller magnitude between men and women regarding delusion-associated cognitive biases
Towards a reliable repeated-measures beads task for assessing the jumping to conclusions bias
No full text© 2017 Elsevier BV. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
This author accepted manuscript is made available following 12 month embargo from date of publication (April 2018) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyThe jumping to conclusions bias (JTC), in which some people gather less information than
others before making a decision, has been linked to delusions in psychosis. JTC is usually
identified via the beads task, in which a sequence of beads (the “target” sequence) is used to
measure the amount of evidence participants require before making a decision. Yet, despite
its common use, the reliability of the task has never been properly investigated. We
investigated its reliability, and tested an alternate version which used distractor sequences to
obfuscate the target sequence. Healthy participants (N = 212) were randomised into two
groups. One group completed ten trials using the target sequence, while the other completed
ten trials of the target sequence and three distractor sequences. Our data indicated the
standard task may not be reliable over repeated measures, but that by including distractor
sequences, the task becomes more believable, repeatable, and reliable. Additionally,
excluding first-trial data (a “silent” practice trial) also improves repeatability. These
improvements to the task are relevant to single trial studies, and will be especially useful to
repeated-measures longitudinal, experimental, and treatment studies. Such repeated-measures
studies are important for investigating the causal link between JTC and delusions
