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Método para reconhecimento automatizado de falhas construtivas na execução de fachadas com uso de drones e aprendizado de máquina
Get PDFThe facade is one of the central systems of a building, and the appearance of
pathologies in this system can compromise its performance. Therefore, periodic
inspections and maintenance activities are necessary, especially during execution,
when several anomalies arise. However, manual and visual inspections often have
some isolated ones, being considered time-consuming, expensive, and unsafe.
Therefore, the use of digital technologies can minimize such limitations. In this context,
the main objective of this work is to propose a controlled recognition method to identify
pathological manifestations in concrete wall facades during execution, using drones
and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, aiming to improve the quality of the work. To
this end, the research strategy of Design Science Research (DSR) was adopted,
involving three case studies along the following steps: a) Awareness through the
investigation of the theoretical problem through a Systematic Literature Review-RSL,
identifying the research gaps and through investigation of the practical problem in the
field; b) Suggestion of the process by carrying out an exploratory case study, in which
drones were used for image acquisition and AM algorithms for digital image
processing; c) Development of the experiment with the realization of two case studies
implementing the method of recognition of pathological manifestations through image
acquisition and processing protocols, in addition to the incorporation of information
arising from these activities in the quality management system of the work; d)
Evaluation of the proposed method through the constructs Transparency, Efficiency
and Usefulness, through measurement and sources of evidence; and finally, e)
Conclusion with the formalization of the proposed method and final considerations
about the study. Two standardized protocols allowed incredible speed and precision in
image acquisition and processing stages. In the studies, eleven pathological
manifestations were raised, of which four were visualized with a drone and followed by
machine learning algorithms of the new models created in the AM software called
Custom Vision, the one that presented the best food performance at 58.99% of F1
Score and 65% of mAP. Furthermore, some constructive faults were recognized
correctly, with up to 97.4% probability during testing. From a managerial point of view,
the information acquired through the inspections was incorporated into the work
execution process through a report, images collected with a drone, and action plans
based on the PDCA cycle. After evaluating the method, it was found that the
information through the standard method supported managers in decision-making
about quality control during the construction process of cast-in-place concrete wall
facades.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia FAPESBA fachada é um dos principais subsistemas de uma edificação e o surgimento de
manifestações patológicas pode comprometer seu desempenho. Portanto, atividades
de inspeções e manutenções periódicas são necessárias, principalmente durante a
execução, onde surgem diversas anomalias. No entanto, muitas vezes, as inspeções
manuais e visuais apresentam algumas limitações, sendo consideradas demoradas,
caras e inseguras. Diante disso, o uso de tecnologias digitais pode minimizar tais
limitações. Neste contexto, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor um método de
reconhecimento automatizado para identificar manifestações patológicas em
fachadas de parede de concreto durante a execução, com uso de drones e algoritmos
de Aprendizado de Máquina (AM), visando a melhoria na qualidade da obra. Para
tanto, foi adotado a estratégia de pesquisa da Design Science Research (DSR),
envolvendo três estudos de caso ao longo das seguintes etapas: a) Conscientização
através da investigação do problema teórico por meio de uma Revisão Sistemática da
Literatura-RSL, identificando as lacunas de pesquisa e através da investigação do
problema prático em campo; b) Sugestão do artefato através da realização de um
estudo de caso exploratório, no qual foi utilizando drones para aquisição de imagens
e algoritmos de AM para processamento digital de imagens; c) Desenvolvimento do
artefato com a realização de dois estudos de caso implementando o método de
reconhecimento automatizado de manifestações patológicas através de protocolos de
aquisição e processamento de imagens, além da incorporação das informações
oriundas dessas atividades no sistema de gestão da qualidade da obra; d) Avaliação
do método proposto através dos constructos Transparência, Eficiência e Utilidade, por
meio de variáveis e fontes de evidências; e por fim, e) Conclusão com a formalização
do método proposto e considerações finais sobre o estudo. Foram propostos dois
protocolos que permitiram maior celeridade e precisão nas etapas de aquisição e
processamento de imagens. Nos estudos foram levantadas onze manifestações
patológicas, das quais quatro foram visualizadas com drone e analisada por
algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina. Dos nove modelos criados no software de AM
chamado Custom Vision, o que apresentou melhor desempenho atingiu 58,99% de F1
Score e 65% de mAP. Além disso, durante os testes, algumas falhas construtivas
foram reconhecidas corretamente com até 97,4% de probabilidade. Do ponto de vista
gerencial, as informações adquiridas por meio das inspeções foram incorporadas no
processo de execução da obra através de relatórios, imagens coletadas com drone e
planos de ação baseados no ciclo PDCA. Após a avaliação do método, evidenciou
que as informações através do método proposto deram suporte aos gestores na
tomada de decisão em relação ao controle da qualidade durante o processo
construtivo de fachadas de paredes de concreto moldadas in loco
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Characterization and evaluation of leachate from soursop (Annona muricata L.) residue in green corn production
No full textDiscarding and composting are the main alternatives that have been adopted for by
products of fruit pulp production. However, leachate, a liquid residue rich in minerals and
organic substances, generated in the decomposition process of organic matter, is
discarded. It is possible to produce liquid biofertilizer from leachate with economic
potential for generating employment and income. Therefore, this research aimed to
evaluate the chemical composition of leachate from soursop residue and the effect of
different concentrations on the production components of green corn. The study was
carried out in two phases: 1) production of biofertilizer from composting and evaluation
of the chemical composition; 2) evaluation of four concentrations of biofertilizer (0% -
control, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of biofertilizer diluted in water), at field level, on green corn,
in a randomized block design, with four replications. The chemical composition of
soursop leachate showed high magnitude values for macro (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and
micronutrients (Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn), total organic matter (44,154 mg/L), total organic carbon
(4,191.7 mg/L) and humic (10.77 mg/L) and fulvic acids (1,054.4 mg/L). When applied
to corn crops, there was no effect (p>0.05) of the concentrations on the production
components and chlorophyll content. The average height of the plants was less than 1.0
m and the early flowering (60 days after planting) may indicate the lack of adaptation of
the cultivar to the research site, influencing the treatments applied.O descarte e a compostagem são as principais alternativa que vêm sendo adotadas aos
subprodutos da fabricação de polpa de frutas. Porém, o chorume, resíduo líquido, rico em
minerais e substâncias orgânicas, gerado no processo de decomposição da matéria
orgânica, é descartado. É possível, a partir do chorume, produzir biofertilizante líquido
com potencial econômico para geração de emprego e renda. Portanto, esta pesquisa
objetivou avaliar a composição química do chorume do resíduo da graviola e o efeito de
diferentes concentrações sobre os componentes de produção do milho verde. O estudo foi
realizado em duas fases: 1a) produção do biofertilizante, a partir da compostagem e
avaliação da composição química; 2a) avaliação de quatro concentrações do
biofertilizante (0% - controle, 5, 10, 15 e 20% de biofertilizante diluído em água), em
nível de campo, sobre o milho verde, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com
quatro repetições. A composição química do chorume de graviola apresentou valores de
alta magnitude para os macros (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) e micronutrientes (Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn),
matéria orgânica total (44.154 mg/L), carbono orgânico total (4.191,7 mg/L) e ácidos
húmicos (10,77 mg/L) e fúlvicos (1.054,4 mg/L). Quando aplicado na cultura do milho,
não houve efeito (p>0,05) das concentrações sobre os componentes de produção e teor de
clorofila. A altura média das plantas foi inferior a 1,0 m e o florescimento precoce (60
dias após o plantio) podem indicar a ausência de adaptação do cultivar ao local da
pesquisa, influenciando nos tratamentos aplicados
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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