1,721,095 research outputs found
Gender Gaps in Financial Literacy: Evidence from Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay
No full textInter-American Development Bank http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/10000442
Multidimensional approaches to poverty measurement: an empirical analysis of poverty in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Spain, based on the European panel
Get PDFThis article has three goals. First, we wish to compare three multidimensional approaches to poverty and check to what extent they identify the same households as poor. Second, we aim at better understanding the determinants of poverty by estimating logit regressions with five categories of explanatory variables: size of the household, age of the head of the household, her gender, marital status and status at work. Third, we introduce a decomposition procedure proposed recently in the literature, the so-called Shapley decomposition, in order to determine the exact marginal impact of each of the categories of explanatory variables. Our empirical analysis is based on data made available by the European Community Household Panel (ECHP). We used its third wave and selected five countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Spain.
La théorie économique des ménages et l'étude des phénomènes démographiques
No full textSilber Jacques. — Household Economies and the Study of Demographic Problems. There are many aspects of the theory of household economics which are useful in explaining demographic developments and which can help in the interpretation of demographic events. The aggregation of individual utilities into a household-utility function makes it necessary to take household and family structure into account. A less narrow definition of utility (which is not limited to goods produced) and the concept of a household production can explain certain trade-offs between domestic work, family size, and activities outside the household undertaken by its members. These choices are subject to an obvious constraint, which has, however, been neglected by conventional theorists : the time available to members of the household which they divide between different activities is limited. The concept of human capital finally adds a dynamic element to the theory. In this paper, the relevance of these concepts is discussed for the study of fertility and of the demographic transition.Silber Jacques. — La théorie économique des ménages et l'étude des phénomènes démographiques. La théorie économique des ménages comporte beaucoup d'éléments qui peuvent clarifier l'évolution des populations et l'interprétation des événements démographiques. L'agrégation des utilités individuelles en une fonction d'utilité du ménage oblige d'abord à tenir compte de la structure des familles et des ménages. Une conception plus large de l'utilité (exprimée en termes de propriétés spécifiques et non plus d'objets produits) et la notion de fonction de production du ménage sont à même d'expliquer certains arbitrages entre travail domestique, dimension de la famille et l'activité extérieure de ses membres. Tous ces choix s'effectuent à l'intérieur d'une contrainte presque évidente, mais négligée par les théories classiques : les membres du ménage ont chacun un temps limité qu'ils doivent séparer entre des tâches courantes. Le concept de capital humain coiffe enfin le tout en fournissant un élément dynamique. L'article montre l'intérêt de ces concepts pour l'étude de la fécondité et pour celle de la transition démographique.Silber Jacques. — La teoría económica de los hogares y el estudio de los fenómenos demográficos La teoría económica de los hogares incluye muchos elementos que permiten aclarar la evolución de las poblaciones y la interpretación de los fenómenos demográficos. La agregación de las utilidades individuales en una función de utilidad del hogar obliga a tomar en consideración la estructura de las familias y de los hogares. Una concepción más amplia de la utilidad (expresada en términos de propiedades específicas y no tanto de objetos producidos) y la noción de función de producción del hogar, pueden explicar ciertas relaciones entre trabajo doméstico, tamaňo de la familia y actividad exterior de sus membros. Todas estas opeiones se efectuan en el interior de un universo imperativo casi évidente, pero olvidado por las teorías clásicas : los miembros de un hogar tienen todos un tiempo limitado que deben dividir en tareas quoti- dianas. El concepto de capital humano permite encuadrar el conjunto proporcio- nando al mismo tiempo un elemento dinámico. El articulo muestra el interés de estos conceptos en el estudio de la fecundidad y de la transición demográfica.Silber Jacques. La théorie économique des ménages et l'étude des phénomènes démographiques. In: Population, 36ᵉ année, n°3, 1981. pp. 557-575
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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