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Friedenswissenschaftliche Lehre im Wandel: Aus der Nische in den Boom? - Bedingungen und Bedeutungen der Etablierung friedenswissenschaftlicher Master-Studiengänge
No full text
Unemployed and Without a Clue - On the Framing of Stereotypical Evaluations of Unemployed in the Regional Newspapers Nordkurier and Volksstimme
No full textIn deutschen Print-Medien werden Arbeitslose gemeinhin
als Faulenzer, Drückeberger oder Schmarotzer stereotypisiert und abgewertet. Wie
diese Studie auf Basis einer theoretischen und empirischen Verknüpfung des
sozialpsychologischen Stereotype Content Models mit dem
kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Framing-Konzept belegt, wird die Berichterstattung
der ostdeutschen Regionalzeitungen Nordkurier und Volksstimme dagegen vom Stereotyp
des inkompetenten Arbeitslosen dominiert. Inkompetenz-Zuschreibungen sind dabei
häufig Bestandteile eines Frames, der Arbeitslosigkeit als Folge mangelnder
Qualifikation problematisiert. Innerhalb des »Qualifizierungs-Frames« wird der
Arbeitslose zwar selten explizit für seine Lage verantwortlich gemacht, im Zuge
eines unbedingten Qualifizierungsoptimismus wohl aber in die Pflicht genommen, sich
mittels staatlicher Hilfe weiter zu bilden, um seine Arbeitslosigkeit zu überwinden.
Sowohl innerhalb des »Faulenzer-Frames« als auch innerhalb des
»Qualifizierungs-Frames« vermittelt sich Anerkennung einzig und allein über
Anstrengungen zur Überwindung von Arbeitslosigkeit. Wie einige wenige Beiträge über
sozial engagierte Arbeitslose zeigen, kann die Leistung Arbeitsloser jedoch auch
unabhängig von Erwerbsarbeit gewürdigt und anerkannt werden. Gerade im Rahmen der
Lokalberichterstattung besteht für Regionalzeitungen die Chance, ausführlicher über
bürgerschaftliches Engagement Erwerbsloser zu berichten.In German print media unemployed are commonly
stereotyped and devalued as slackers or parasites. Based on a theoretical and
empirical conjunction of the social-psychological Stereotype Content Model with the
communication-scientific concept of Framing, this study shows that the coverage of
the East German regional newspapers Nordkurier and Volksstimme is in contrast
dominated by the stereotype of the incompetent unemployed. Incompetence-attributions
are often components of a frame, which problematizes unemployment as a result of
lack of skills. Within the »qualification-frame« the unemployed is rarely made
explicitly responsible for his position. However, he is committed to continue his
education in the course of an absolute qualification-optimism by means of state aid
to overcome his unemployment. Both within the »slacker-frame« and within the
»qualification-frame«, recognition is mediated solely through efforts to overcome
unemployment. As a few articles about socially engaged unemployed show, activities
of unemployed can also be appreciated and acknowledged independently of paid
employment. Especially the context of local reporting is an opportunity for regional
newspapers to report more extensively on civic engagement of
unemployed.peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Friedenswissenschaftliche Lehre im Wandel : Aus der Nische in den Boom? - Bedingungen und Bedeutungen der Etablierung friedenswissenschaftlicher Master-Studiengänge
No full textThe following paper examines the causes and factors
which in recent years have led to the establishment
of several peace studies courses in Germany and discusses
the impacts and consequences of this development.
First of all, the paper describes the formation of
peace teaching from the 1970s on. At this time, it
was conducted only by some professors and from
the 1980s on within academic circles of the peace
movement. However, it was not structurally fixed at
the universities.
In the main section, the paper analyses the development
of peace studies courses from the mid-1990s.
Within this process, two key factors are stressed: the
nationwide implementation of the two-stage study
structure within the framework of the Bologna
Process on the one hand, and the stepwise and long
lasting strategic development of teaching locations
through the utilization of political and scientific opportunity
structures on the other hand. Further factors
are presented: After the end of the Cold War, the
nationwide policy to support peace studies improved,
peace studies were focusing on new conflicts
and suitable labor markets for graduates emerged.
The paper then brings forward the argument that
within the framework of study programs the objectives,
contents, methods and organization of learning
and teaching peace were curricularly justified
and fixed for the first time. It is shown that the organizational
institutionalization of teaching peace in
the form of study programs implies a higher level of
institutionalization compared to the personal-dependent
institutionalization of the past. Once established,
study programs function relatively independent
from subjective and political interests
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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