1,720,976 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Philipp Frank on relativity in science and morality
No full textAs Einstein's successor in Prague and the author of a biography on Einstein, the physicist and philosopher Philipp Frank made relativity a central aspect of his thoughts on morality. He published his views on this topic mainly in the year 1950 in a small book entitled Relativity - A Richer Truth. As far as morality as a part of social and political life is concerned, Frank’s primary interest is to show that as in science, relativity in morality does not preclude objectivity. The paper deals with the question of which conceptions of relativity and relativism Frank refers to in the context of modern science and examines the implications for objectivity and absolute values in morality.Version of recor
Geheime Beobachtung und der Respekt vor Personen als rational Wählende
No full textDer australische Philosoph Stanley I. Benn
schreibt in A Theory of Freedom:
"Respect for persons will sustain an objection to
secret watching that may do no actual harm to anyone.
Covert observation – spying – is objectionable because it
deliberately deceives a person about his world: It thwarts,
[…], the agent"s attempts to make rational choices. […]
One cannot respect someone […] if one knowingly and
deliberately alters his conditions of action while concealing
the fact from him" (Benn 1988, 276).
Geheime Beobachtung ist eine nicht nur bei
Detektivbüros und Sicherheitsbehörden beliebte Methode
des Informationserwerbs. Gegen geheime Beobachtung,
wird trotz aller Vorkehrungen doch bekannt, mit "Das ist
respektlos!" zu protestieren, scheint oft naheliegend und
angebracht. Ebenso plausibel klingt aufs erste die
eingangs zitierte Analyse der Thematik von Stanley I.
Benn, die auch andere Autor(inn)en aufgegriffen haben
(z.B. Schoeman 1992). Bei näherer Betrachtung tauchen
jedoch eine Menge von Schwierigkeiten und
entsprechende Zweifel an diesen Ausführungen auf. Ich
werde deshalb diese Behauptungen näher untersuchen,
aber – da hier gar nicht möglich – ohne exegetische
Ansprüche der zitierten Textpassage und deren Autor
gegenüber
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mensch sein
No full textThe question of what it means and implies to be human is fundamental to both philosophy and society. At the same time, she runs the risk of being answered with phrases. Even today, various questions about humanity are posed: Can humanity be delimited biologically or in its ways of life from other species or artificial creatures? How do people differ from people? Are language ability or free will essential features of being human? These and other questions were discussed intensively during the 10th Congress of the Austrian Society for Philosophy. This anthology presents a selection of contributions.Die Frage, was es besagt und impliziert, Mensch zu sein, ist sowohl für die Philosophie als auch für die Gesellschaft eine fundamentale. Zugleich läuft sie Gefahr, mit Floskeln beantwortet zu werden. Auch heute stellen sich verschiedene Fragen zum Menschsein: Lässt sich die Menschheit biologisch oder in ihren Lebensformen von anderen Spezies oder künstlichen Wesen sinnvoll abgrenzen? Worin unterscheiden sich Menschen von Personen? Sind etwa Sprachfähigkeit oder der freie Wille wesentliche Merkmale des Menschseins? Diese und weitere Fragen wurden im Rahmen des 10. Kongresses der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Philosophie intensiv diskutiert. Dieser Sammelband präsentiert eine Auswahl der Beiträge
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