1,721,120 research outputs found
Recovery of lipase from Burkholderia sp.using aqueous two-phase systems
Full text linkConventional recovery methods for lipase are tedious and require several rounds of recovery steps. Therefore, the development of a cost-effective and recyclable protocol for the recovery of lipase is essential. Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) can be used as an attractive alternative for the recovery of lipase from complex feedstock. This research is focused on the design of an ATPS protocol as a simplified and rapid recovery technique for the microbial lipase of Burkholderia sp. ST8. A multifactor experimental design based on a ‘change-one-factor-at-a-time’ approach was employed to study the effects of lipase production. A high lipase activity was achieved at a 250 rpm agitation speed for 36 hours of fermentation time in a cultivation medium containing 0.1 % (v/v) of Tween 80, 0.3 % (w/v) of nutrient broth and 0.1 % (w/v) of CaCl2 at a pH of 9 with a volume ratio of 20:80 of medium volume to free volume of the flask which resulted in a high average production of
48.3 U/mL.
Three different novel techniques for the direct recovery of lipase based on sustainable ATPS have been developed. The recycling concept in the system is based on the principals of green chemistry, with good efficiency and economic viability.
The first novel method is a recycling hydrophilic organic solvent/inorganic salt aqueous two-phase flotation (ATPF) system, which integrates solvent sublation (SS) and aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) in the recovery of lipase from
fermentation broth. A purification factor of 14 and a lipase yield of 99 % were achieved in the optimized ATPF system with recovery of alcohol and salt are 70% and 61 %, respectively. The second and third lipase recovery techniques were explored by using a recyclable temperature-induced polymer, an ethylene oxidepropylene oxide (EOPO) polymer in an ATPF system as well as an ATPS. As for the
second method, a recycling EOPO/ammonium sulphateATPF was developed for the recovery of lipase from fermentation broth. Under the optimal conditions, the average yield and purification factor were 98.5 % and 15, respectively. It was also demonstrated that EOPO and salt was recovered up to 91 % and 75 % in the ATPF system. Direct lipase recovery using recycling an EOPO/potassium phosphate ATPS was studied as the third protocol in this thesis. The average purification factor of lipase and the yield obtained from four successive purifications were 15.3 and 99.1 %, respectively. There was no significant difference in using fresh or recycled chemicals in these three novel methods based on ATPS. The choice of method in lipase recovery based on ATPS is subjected to the requirement of the purity and cost of the system. Hence, the simplicity and effectiveness of these three lipase recovery methods based on sustainable ATPS were proven in this study.
Lastly, an extractive fermentation technique was employed using a thermoseparating reagent to form a two-phase system for simultaneous cell cultivation and downstream processing. A 10 % (w/w) solution of EOPO with a molecular mass of 3900 g/mol and a pH of 8.5, a 200 rpm speed, and 30 °C were selected as the optimal conditions for lipase production (55 U/ml). Repetitive batch fermentation was performed by continuous replacement of the top phase every 24 hours, which resulted in an average cell growth mass of 4.8 g/L for 10 extractive batches over 240 hours. The
dry cell mass in the bioreactor was 22 % higher than that in the flasks. Burkholderia sp. ST8 lipase was successfully produced and recovered by using thermoseparating reagents in a single step - extractive fermentation
New Processes
No full textA change from a consumer society to a sustainable and conserver society must focus on for the welfare of the planet and future generations through balance rather than by maximizing the exploitation of resources. This will bring about further growth as an option for both per capita consumption and the population. Muddled and tepid responses make it clear that the society has not developed a vision of what a truly sustainable society looks like. It is essential to bring awareness to the possibility of creating a sustainable society which will incorporate sustainable development goals (SDGs) to generate a future with more possibilities. In order to move towards a sustainable society, it is vital to provide the highest standard of wellbeing, from an environmental, human, and economic perspective. We can contribute by providing technical and scientific studies that can be accessed freely and implemented by all. These works cover the important parameters that can be addressed to achieve sustainability, such as being energetically sustainable, resource-sustainable, environmentally sustainable, fiscally sustainable, and socially sustainable
Biotechnology for Sustainability and Social Well Being
Full text linkThis book covers the latest development of bioprocess technology including theoretical, numerical, and experimental approaches in biotechnology as well as green technology that bridge conventional practices and Industry 4.0. Bioprocessing is one of the key factors in several emerging industries of biofuels, used in the production of biogas, bioethanol, and biodiesel; industrial enzymes; waste management through biotechnology; new vaccines; and many more. It is hoped that the novel bioprocess and green biotechnologies presented in this book are useful in assisting the global community in working towards fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the United Nations
Climate change and diatoms
No full textClimate change has triple-pronged effects – warming, deoxygenation, and acidification – in freshwater and marine environments, effects which have a full spectrum of impacts on primary producers. Diatoms are an appropriate model for indicating climate change effects because they are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems and are the most important primary producers in marine ecosystems (i.e., 40% of productivity) and contribute 20% of atmospheric oxygen, but have not been adequately studied in relation to climate change. Diatoms have numerous characteristics that can be used to measure the effects of climate change. For example, climate change may increase the relative abundance of dinoflagellates compared to diatoms, leading to more frequent occurrences of harmful algal blooms in marine ecosystems, where diatoms and dinoflagellates dominate blooms. Such blooms can have far-reaching impacts on ecosystems and can impact on humans by affecting fisheries, tourism, and other economic losses. These changing climatic scenarios may be accompanied by a change in the various life-forms of diatoms, such as a shift from mixed life-forms (undisturbed) to the dominance of pioneer and adnate diatoms (disturbed by an increase in carbon dioxide concentration) in the community. Diatoms store excess energy as lipids, and the number and biovolume of lipid bodies can be a valuable diagnostic tool for stress, including climate change. At the molecular level, organic lipid biomarkers can provide information to help decipher past and present climatic conditions, such as glaciation and deglaciation processes in polar regions. Reductions in diatom size and silica availability for frustule formation have been linked to increasing temperatures, such as those from global warming, in both freshwater and oceanic ecosystems – although not all studies are supportive. Finally, diatoms are excellent experimental organisms for indicating potential impacts of climate change on living organisms
Biotechnology for Sustainability and Social Well Being
No full textThis book covers the latest development of bioprocess technology including theoretical, numerical, and experimental approaches in biotechnology as well as green technology that bridge conventional practices and Industry 4.0. Bioprocessing is one of the key factors in several emerging industries of biofuels, used in the production of biogas, bioethanol, and biodiesel; industrial enzymes; waste management through biotechnology; new vaccines; and many more. It is hoped that the novel bioprocess and green biotechnologies presented in this book are useful in assisting the global community in working towards fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the United Nations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Green Energy Technology
No full textThis book, entitled “The Green Energy Technology”, covers technologies, products, equipment, and devices, as well as energy services, based on software and data protected by patents and/or trademarks. The recent trends underline the principles of a circular economy such as sustainable product design, extending the product’s lifecycle, reusability, and recycling. These are highly related to climate change and environmental impact, and limited natural resources require scientific research and novel technical solutions. This book will serve as a collection of the latest scientific and technological approaches to “green”—i.e., environmentally friendly and sustainable—technologies. While the focus is on energy and bioenergy, it also covers "green" solutions in all aspects of industrial engineering. Green Energy Technology addresses researchers, advanced students, technical consultants and decision-makers in industries and politics. This book is a comprehensive overview and in-depth technical research paper addressing recent progress in Green Energy Technology. We hope that readers will enjoy reading this book
Green Energy Technology
Full text linkThis book, entitled “The Green Energy Technology”, covers technologies, products, equipment, and devices, as well as energy services, based on software and data protected by patents and/or trademarks. The recent trends underline the principles of a circular economy such as sustainable product design, extending the product’s lifecycle, reusability, and recycling. These are highly related to climate change and environmental impact, and limited natural resources require scientific research and novel technical solutions. This book will serve as a collection of the latest scientific and technological approaches to “green”—i.e., environmentally friendly and sustainable—technologies. While the focus is on energy and bioenergy, it also covers "green" solutions in all aspects of industrial engineering. Green Energy Technology addresses researchers, advanced students, technical consultants and decision-makers in industries and politics. This book is a comprehensive overview and in-depth technical research paper addressing recent progress in Green Energy Technology. We hope that readers will enjoy reading this book
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