1,720,987 research outputs found
The Political Economy of Energy Innovation
Full text linkThis paper empirically investigates the effects of environmental policy, institutions, political orientation, and lobbying on energy innovation and finds that they significantly affect the incentives to innovate and create cleaner energy efficient technologies. We conclude that political economy factors may act as barriers even in the presence of stringent environmental policy, implying that, to move towards a greener economy, countries should combine environmental policy with a general strengthening of institutional quality, consider the influence of government’s political orientation on environmental policies, and the implications of the size of energy intensive sectors in the economy
Climate change, food consumption and child health in Egypt how can outcomes be improved?
No full textAs the Climate Vulnerable Forum publishes the third edition of its Climate Vulnerability Monitor: A Planet on Fire, Elizabeth Robinson and Shouro Dasgupta reflect on COP27, the impact climate change is already having on child health and nutrition in Egypt, and the potential impacts of further global temperature increases
Workers' health and the economy are suffering due to climate change
No full textUntil recently, life in the UK had to adapt to a climate in which cold weather is a risk to life, health, and productivity. But that has started to change. Elizabeth JZ Robinson and Shouro Dasgupta document the effects of hot weather on the health of workers and the economy at large. The country needs to adapt to this new climate reality, while continuing to fight further climate change
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Climate change, labour availability and the future of gender inequality in South Africa
No full textWomen in developing countries are more exposed to the adverse effects of climate change. We
develop a structural model to study the long-term impacts of climate and socioeconomic changes
on labour supply and the pay gap between male/female and high-skilled/low-skilled labour. We
calibrate our model with empirical evidence on the impacts of increasing temperatures on labour
availability in two general economic sectors with high and low exposure to rising temperatures.
Using five waves of nationally representative micro-survey data in South Africa from 2008 to 2017,
we find that while high-skilled labour availability is insensitive to climate change, higher
temperatures have a negative impact on working hours of low-skilled labour specially among
women in the high-exposure sector. We incorporate these findings in an overlapping generations
(OLG) model to show that climate-induced reduction in labour availability increases the relative
wages of low-skilled female labour and reduces the wage gap between male and female labour in
the high-exposure sector, and between high-skilled and low-skilled female labour, in general.
Considering climate change damages both on sectoral productivity and on labour availability, we
project that by the end of the century, the output per adult will drop by about 11 percentage
points under a severe climate scenario. This calls for more targeted adaptation policies that build on
the potential benefits of climate change in reducing gender inequality and empowering women to
take up more active roles in designing and implementing such policies at the local level
Burden of Climate Change on Malaria Mortality
Full text linkIn 2015, an estimated 429,000 deaths and 212 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide, while 70% of the deaths occurred in children under five years old. Changes in climatic exposure such as temperature and precipitation makes malaria one of the most climate sensitive outcomes. Using a global malaria mortality dataset for 105 countries between 1980 and 2010, we estimate that the global optimal temperature maximizing all-age malaria mortality is 20.6, lower than previously predicted in the literature. While in the case of child mortality, a significantly lower optimum temperature of 19.3° is estimated. Our results also suggest that in Africa and Asia, the continents where malaria is most prevalent malaria, mortality is maximized at 28.4 and 26.3, respectively. Furthermore, we estimate that child mortality (ages 0-4) is likely to increase by up to 20 percent in some areas due to climate change by the end of the 21st century
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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