27 research outputs found
Exposure to an unpredictable and competitive social environment affects behavior and health of transition dairy cows
No full textSocial factors are important determinants of disease in humans and and laboratory animals, but less research has been done using farm animals. The objective of this study was to determine if an unpredictable and competitive social environment affects behavior and health during the transition period when dairy cows are at high risk of disease. Five weeks before calving, 64 cows were assigned to a predictable and noncompetitive social environment (predictable) or an unpredictable and competitive social environment (unpredictable) using 8 groups of 4 animals per treatment. Each group consisted of 3 multiparous and 1 primiparous cow. At first enrollment (baseline; 5 wk before calving), all groups had access to 4 electronic feed bins. At 4 wk before calving, cows in the predictable groups were given access to 6 feed bins, and cows in the unpredictable groups were moved into a new pen with 4 resident cows each trained to consume feed from one bin. Each cow in the unpredictable group was then provided access to only 1 of the 4 feed bins which they shared with 1 resident cow (resulting in 2 cows/bin), creating a competitive feeding environment. To create an unpredictable environment, access to morning feed was delayed 0, 1, 2, or 3 h every other day. On alternate days, the cows in unpredictable groups were assigned to feed from a new feed bin (and thus had to compete with a new resident partner). Feeding and social behavior were collected electronically from the feed bins. Blood was sampled at baseline (wk −5), wk −2, wk −1, and wk +1 relative to calving to measure inflammatory (haptoglobin and tumor necrosis factor-α) and metabolic (nonesterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, calcium, and glucose) biomarkers. Uterine cytology was performed 3 to 5 wk after calving to diagnose cytological endometritis. Data were analyzed using mixed models including baseline data as a covariate, week as a repeated measure, treatment as a main effect, and a treatment by week interaction. The probability of cytological endometritis at the group level was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U tests. Parity was included in separate models to determine any parity × treatment interactions. Cows from both treatments consumed the same amount of feed, but cows in the unpredictable group spent less time feeding and had a higher rate of feed intake. Cows in the unpredictable groups also visited the feed bins less often, consumed more feed during each visit, and were involved in more social replacements at the feed bin compared with predictable groups. Cows in the unpredictable groups had higher serum concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and tumor necrosis factor-α, but lower β-hydroxybutyrate compared with predictable groups. Multiparous cows in unpredictable groups were more likely to be diagnosed with cytological endometritis after calving compared with cows in the predictable groups, but primiparous cows in unpredictable groups showed a tendency for the opposite response. These results suggest that an unpredictable and competitive social environment before calving causes changes in feeding and social behavior, some physiological indicators of metabolism and inflammation, and increases the risk of uterine disease in multiparous cows after calving
Corrigendum: A Rare Case of Co-occurrence of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. (Obesity and metabolism. 2024;21(1):79-84. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/omet13015)
No full textA corrigendum on "A Rare Case of Co-occurrence of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia" by Axenia S. Bondarenko, Elizaveta O. Mamedova, Zhanna E. Belaya, Galina A. Melnichenko (2024). Obesity and metabolism. 2024;21(1):79-84. DOI: 10.14341/omet13015.On the page 82, the following text was added: "The presented case was first described in the dissertation of Kareva M.A. The author draws the readers' attention to the fact that the presence of CAH in the patient could lead to a delayed diagnosis of the second monogenic disease — MEN-1: episodes of indomitable vomiting in this case were considered as a manifestation of salt-wasting crises, but it cannot be excluded that they could be associated with the development of severe hypercalcaemia in the patient [30]".A new source has been added in the reference list section under No. 30: «Kareva M.A. Vrozhdennaya disfunkciya kory nadpochechnikov u detej: epidemiologiya, geneticheskaya osnova, personalizirovannyj podhod k diagnostike i lecheniyu, monitoring somaticheskogo i reproduktivnogo zdorov’ya. [dissertation] Moscow; 2018. (In Russ)»
Abu Ubaidah’s “Majaz Al-Qur’an” as the Beginning of a New Trend in the Practice of Tafsir
No full textAbu Ubaidah’s “Majaz al-Qur'an” is the first book on the linguistic analysis of the text of the Holy Qur'an, which has survived to our days. This author stands out among others because his research was the first research and analysis of the style of writing of Qur'an and it was the beginning of the first stage of criticizm in the Arabic literary in general. The author emphasizes that there is little difference between the use of metaphors in the language of Qur'an and Arabic poetry, or in general in the Arabic language of the period. It is also noted that Arabs widely used metaphors in their oral speech, both before and after the revelation of Qur'an to the prophet of God. In fact, the author wrote the above-mentioned book, not only for Arabs, but also to facilitate the understanding of Qur'an, something like a textbook. In general, the mentioned work of Abu Ubaidah on the linguistic analysis and interpretation of Qur’an led to the emergence of a new direction in the linguistic analysis of Qur’an. This work has actually paved the way for this research, and it has greatly eased the work of interpreters and representatives of philological science
EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF VEHICLES IN POLLUTION OF ATMOSPHERE IN AZERBAIJAN
Get PDFIn the report the author considers questions of atmosphere pullution by vehicles on the example of the cities of Baku and Sumgait and also the significance of ecological-geographical information in terms of environmental protection. In order to calculate emissions on superhighways and regulated crossroads algorithms were designed. Calculations show that near crossroads of superhighways as the vehicle speed goes down, CO emissions increase, but NO2 emissions decrease
Development of Spelling Competence of Form 3 Students in Latvian Language Lessons
No full textDiplomdarba „3. klases skolēnu ortogrāfijas kompetences attīstīšana latviešu valodas stundās” mērķis ir izstrādāt sākumskolēnu ortogrāfijas kompetences attīstīšanai nepieciešamo teorētisko bāzi un pārbaudīt sagatavotālingvodidaktiskā materiāla piemērotību 3. klases skolēnu ortogrāfijas kompetences attīstīšanai. Diplomdarbā ir ievads, piecas nodaļas, nobeigums, izmantotās literatūras un avotu saraksts. Pētījuma laikā, veicot skolotāju anketēšanu un skolēnu darbu analīzi, tika noskaidrotas sākumskolēnu tipiskās pareizrakstības kļūdas, pētīta mācību materiālu un metožu piemērotība skolēnu ortogrāfijas kompetences veidošanai. Lai pārbaudītu 3. klases skolēnu pareizrakstības prasmi pirms un pēc izmēģinājumdarbības, tika izmantots diagnosticējošais un konstatējošais darbs, kā arī izstrādāts un aprobēts lingvodidaktiskais materiāls. Mācību procesā gūtie rezultāti liecina, ka sagatavotais lingvodidaktiskais materiāls ir izmantojams 3. klases skolēnu ortogrāfijas kompetences attīstīšanā.Goal of the graduation paper “Development of Spelling Competence of Form 3 Students in Latvian Language Lessons” is to work outnecessary theoretical background in order to improvethe spelling competenceof primary school students and to examine suitability of the developed lingvodidactic material the aim of which istoimprovethe spelling competence of Form 3 students. The graduation paper consists of an introduction, five parts, a conclusion and a list of resources. During the research, there were gathered teachers’ opinions and analysed students’ work, and the author summarised the most typical spelling mistakes, made by students. Besides, the author examined how suitabletheexistingteaching aids and methods for the development of students’ spelling competence are. To check the spelling competence of Form 3 students, there were carried out pilot tests before and after researchandcarried out diagnostic and conclusive work. The obtained results prove that the developed lingvodidactic material can be used to improve spelling competence of Form 3 students
The Role of Translated Works in the Repertory Policy of the Azerbaijan State Theatre of Young Spectators (1930–1970s)
No full textThe relevance of the study of this topic lies in the fact that foreign dramaturgy has always been in the center of attention of the Azerbaijani theater. This interest also applied to the Theater of Young Spectators. The directors of this theater often turned to the works of foreign playwrights to show the Azerbaijani audience the culture, lifestyle, national drama of other countries. From the 1930s to the 70s, the works of many famous world playwrights were staged: Y. Shakespeare, A. Pushkin, N. Gogol, N. Ostrovsky, I. Stock, Yu. Chaplygin, etc. It is true that the creative path of the Theatre of Young Spectators has always been the research object of national theater studies. However, the works of foreign playwrights included in the repertoire of the theater were not studied separately as a study subject. The study subject was foreign dramaturgy included in the repertoire of the Azerbaijan State Theatre of Young Spectators. The study object was the 1930s–1970s repertoire of the Azerbaijan State Theater of Young Spectators. The study purpose was to study the role of translated works in the repertory policy of the Azerbaijan State Theater of Young Spectators (1930s–1970s). To achieve the study purpose and solve the tasks, such scientific methods were used as historical-chronological, comparative, typological. The study used scientific works and articles of such Azerbaijani researchers as Z. Aghayev, N. Babayev, B. Boquslavski, İ. Karimov, C. Mammadov, İ. Novruzov, İ. Zamanli, I. Karimov, I. Ragimli and K. Abdullayev. The article talks about performances based on translated works on the stage of the Azerbaijan State Young Spectators Theatre in the 1930s–1970s. The author tries to show the reasons for giving a special place to the works of Russian-Soviet dramatists among the translated works included in the repertoire of the theater, and to explain the influence of the time on literature. The author noted that the plays written by Russian dramatists during the mentioned period were received with interest on the stage of Azerbaijan, associates this with the fact that these plays resonate with the time in terms of theme, ideas and style, their adequacy to the taste and psychological perception of the Azerbaijani audience, the compatibility of the principles of humanism, internationalism and equality in these stage works with national values
Mandatory Stages of the Domestic Participation Process Attracting Political Parties to Members of Responsibility
Get PDFThe article reveals the problems of ensuring the right to protection of members of political parties during the internal party process of imposing measures of responsibility. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the implementation of inner-party responsibility in the context of violation of the right to protection in party relations leads to a violation of the constitutional rights of members of political parties (the right to association, passive electoral rights, the rights of deputies). The purpose of the article is the development of legal and party mechanisms to increase the degree of security of the rights of members of political parties. Based on an analysis of judicial and party practice, the author identifies gaps in the regulation of the procedural status of a member of a political party and concludes that it is necessary to extend state regulation to the foundations of the internal party process of accountability. As the initial theoretical position, the author relies on the fundamental possibility of the reception of the basic provisions of sectoral procedural teachings by an intraparty process. Based on the staged architecture of the internal party process, it conducts a sequential analysis of each of the stages and develops proposals for improving their regulation
The Present and the Future of the Special Relationship: The Debate in the United States and the United Kingdom
No full textSince World War II U.S.–UK relations, despite occasional ups and downs, have been characterized by an unprecedented level of mutual trust and cooperation. The official and academic discourse adopted the phrase ‘the special relationship’ to describe this phenomenon. In the post-Cold War period, Tony Blair’s foreign policy apparently gave it a new impetus. Nevertheless, its controversial results along with certain developments in the 2010s have called for a reassessment of the alliance. Moreover, skepticism has been growing about the future of the Anglo-American Special Relationship (AASR) since the start of the Brexit talks after the 2016 EU membership referendum and the election of Donald Trump as President of the United States, given his determination to review the principles underpinning U.S. cooperation with its European allies. The paper examines the current state and the future of the AASR. Based on a large body of academic literature, the first section focuses on the main approaches to defining the special relationship and determining the reasons behind its emergence as well as its role and importance for both countries. The author aligns herself with those researchers who attribute the durability of Anglo-American cooperation to the high level of institutionalization in the defense, intelligence and nuclear spheres. The second section examines the expert and political discourse on the current state and the future of the AASR in the 2010s as well as its media coverage. Particular attention is paid to the House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee’s reports on UK–U.S. relations and the Report of the Iraq Inquiry (Chilcot report). As for the current state of the special relationship, the author stresses that the potential decrease in British military capabilities, Britain’s joining the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and Brexit have caused concern in the U.S., but this unique and enduring alliance will remain important for both countries in the coming years. Despite some speculations on the UK’s diminishing power, the United States needs its military and intelligence capabilities as well as diplomacy to project power in the key regions of the world
SPACE AS THE CONTEXT FOR IDENTIFICATION
No full textThe author analyzes the process of group and personal identification from the view point of territoriality. The author considers the territory as a social, cultural, economic and political reality that is formed under the influence of the physical space, collaboration, and cultural processes. In the cultural domain, past and contemporary cultural formations coexist. The cultural space is perceived as a system of regulatory bases of the human activity and its symbolic content, embodied in the products of varied cultural practices. The shift of values and the emergence of new spatial forms and processes complicate self-determination in the present-day society. Every individual has an image of "Self" that correlates with his or her territorial affiliation. Growing regionalism is one of the present-day trends. The appeal to the functional dynamics of the economic restructuring, the crisis of traditional identities is underway. Special features of contemporary regionalism include the exclusion of regions that lie outside nation-states and the presence of inter-regional competition (cultural and organizational proximity is an economic resource, a factor of competitive advantage). New regions, in contrast to traditional ones, act as independent political units. In some cases, regionalism serves as a means of resistance to change (conservative and defensive regionalism) and vice versa, as an instrument of modernization (progressive regionalism). This process means regional identity based on the common past. The importance of the process of mythologizing is also noteworthy. Interpretations of the past, identity formation in the region can be regarded as a purposeful political process. At the same time, the important constituent of this process is the political motivation aimed at the singling out old regional characters and images and creating new regional characters and images to be introduced into the collective consciousness. Equally important in creating and maintaining the sense of social space and boundaries is the viewpoint transmitted by local media agencies. The major driver of contemporary local identity is the rise of importance of the local culture. Regions and networks constitute interdependent poles inside the new spatial logic of the modernity
MEDIATOR ACTIVITIES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND UPPERKARABAKH CONFLICT
Get PDFThe aim of the work is to study the origin of mediation in international law, the place of Azerbaijan in modern international relations, the study of the possibilities for the settlement of Armenian-Azerbaijani Upper-Karabakh problem within the framework of the OSCE Minsk Group, in foreign policy of the co-chair countries, the prospects for the geostrategic partnership of Azerbaijan with the United States, France and Russia. The methodological basis of the article is the work of domestic and foreign authors, affecting the history of the emergence of international law and the place of Armenian-Azerbaijani UpperKarabakh problem in contemporary international relations. In these studies, have been developed the conceptual provisions of the international problems of the current period, which allows for a comprehensive approach to the settlement of Armenian-Azerbaijani Upper-Karabakh conflict. From the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that in the near future the leading countries of the world are unlikely to abandon the application of the policy of double standards, therefore Azerbaijan remains nothing but to rely on its own forces in the settlement of Upper-Karabakh conflict. Today Azerbaijan proves to the whole world its military strength, economic and political stability, all these indicators will serve as the main key factors in the settlement of Karabakh problem
