Eiid European Institute for Innovation Development
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Restoration of the frames with mastic decor and gilding imitation of three types for the still-life of the late 19th and early 20th centuries
No full textThe peculiarity of the restoration of the restored frame was the fact that the lost decor cannot be restored technologically at the moment in the material of the original creation, since the historical decor of factory production was previously made on a rolling machine. The losses of the stucco, miniature in size, mastic decor of a low profile on the frame are piece-by-piece and require an individual approach to the restoration of each fragment. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that picture frames have always belonged to objects of fine art and, separately from which, as an independent type of decorative and applied art, they began to be considered relatively recently, and this topic remains truly poorly understood to this day. The study object was a frame of the late 19th – early 20th century. The project purpose is to restore the frame with stucco decoration and imitation gilding for a still life of the late 19th – early 20th century. The article contains information on conservation and restoration of a small frame size to the still-life, the decoration of which is mastic decor with gilding imitation of several types. The author of the article expresses the opinion that the method of carrying out restoration work performed on this frame will undoubtedly be useful in practice for other restorers on similar works with the loss of mastic factory decor and its historical decoration, and will also replenish the treasury of scientific knowledge in this area
Concept, Principles and Tasks of Artificial Intelligence in Environmental Law
No full textThis article examines the legal aspects of using artificial intelligence in environmental law and its areas. The principles and tasks of artificial intelligence for improving the environmental protection system are analysed, as well as the opportunities and benefits that can be obtained with the help of artificial intelligence in climate change, energy, biodiversity protection, waste management, etc. The study object is the social relations connected with using artificial intelligence in environmental protection and sustainable development. The study subject is international and European legislation that regulates the use of artificial intelligence in environmental relations. The study aims to analyse artificial intelligence’s concepts, principles and tasks in environmental law. To implement the study, the ideas of foreign scientists were analyzed, namely Nehwal Ch., Piyselman M., Lytvynets V., Gomez Ch., Lhoumeau S., Pinelo J., Borges P., who considered individual aspects of the use of artificial intelligence in environmental protection and agriculture. It was determined that the EU has already developed strategies related to the need to use artificial intelligence, particularly to implement the environmental goals of the EU climate policy. The study concluded that it is necessary to develop legal and ethical principles for using artificial intelligence in environmental law
Conceptual Approaches to the Introduction of Compulsory Health Insurance for the Population in Ukraine
No full textThe critical demographic situation, epidemic challenges, and consequences of the war, which will be observed in the population and the event of its end, require adequate funding for the industry to meet the medical needs of the population. The study aims to research the state and problems of financial support for the healthcare sector and substantiate conceptual approaches to introducing mandatory state health insurance in Ukraine. Materials: data from state and industry statistical reports; regulatory legal acts; draft laws of Ukraine on compulsory health insurance; scientific literary sources. Study methods are analytical, synthesis, comparison, generalisation, and conceptual modelling. For 2022, the funds for the medical guarantee program amounted to 157.3 billion UAH, or 2.9% of gross domestic product (GDP), instead of 5.0% provided for by law. This volume amounted to 142.7 billion UAH (2.3%) in 2023 and 158.8 billion UAH (2.1% of GDP) in 2024. International experience shows that most countries of the world use a mixed form of financing for the healthcare sector to increase the financial access of the population to medical care. We have proposed a conceptual approach to the introduction of compulsory state health insurance in Ukraine through the adoption of the law on mandatory state health insurance, which will determine the sources of financing of medical services—insurance payments to employers, state budget funds and funds from other sources not prohibited by law. The author concludes that the proposed conceptual approaches to the sources of insurance fund formation and their legislative consolidation differ significantly from those proposed in earlier draft laws, and were rejected by the legislative body
On Kabardino-Balkar Republic’s budget execution for 2021
No full textIn the regions of the Russian Federation, just like in Russia as a whole, profound social and economic changes are taking place, transformations in all spheres of life of the population, due to the transition to market relations. The process of searching and forming new mechanisms of economic management is going on intensively. At the same time, it is very important not only to have a general understanding of the patterns and trends in the development of the market economy, but also to identify problems, as well as to search and develop an optimal model for the most complete, effective use of them for the stabilisation and development of the economy in the interests of community development. Currently, the economy of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic is one of the least competitive in Russia. The reasons for this are due to the miscalculations of the Soviet period, which were largely exacerbated by the country’s transition to the market. The accumulated problems are systemic in nature and require a comprehensive, targeted solution. The prospects and effectiveness of the socio-economic development of the country are largely determined by the solution of regional problems in the economy. In the Development Strategy of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, it is proposed to concentrate the efforts of the authorities on the development of those sectors of the economy in which high labor productivity is in demand and which are able to produce products with high added value, provide decent wages to the workers employed in them and an adequate amount of taxes to the republic’s budget system. Therefore, in order to understand the economic transformations in the region, an annual analysis of the execution of the regional budget is necessary. The study subject was the economy of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic. The study object was the republican budget of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in 2021. The study’s purpose was to analyse Kabardino-Balkar Republic’s budget execution for 2021. Logical, statistical, comparative, and historical methods were used to achieve the study purpose and solve its problems. In the course of the study, the materials of regulatory legal acts and the works of specialists in economics and regionalism of the Russian Federation were used. The effectiveness of public finance management has been highly appreciated at the federal level. According to the assessment of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation conducted in 2021 by the end of 2020, the Kabardino-Balkar Republic entered the group of leading regions characterised by high quality of regional finance management. This efficiency is also confirmed in 2022. In 2021, significant work was performed to adjust the republican budget items to balance the risk zones of losses and more harmonious use of revenues in expenditure items
Analysis of Voronezh Region’s budget execution for 2021
No full textThe Voronezh Region is one of the key agricultural and industrial regions of Central Russia. Therefore, the analysis of its budget policy is of particular interest in the framework of monitoring and forecasting the economic development of the Russian Federation. The study object is Voronezh Region’s budget. The study subject is Voronezh Region’s budget execution for 2021. The study’s purpose is to analyse the financial statements of Voronezh region’s Department for 2021. The study analysed the execution of the main characteristics of Voronezh Region’s budget for 2021, Voronezh region’s budget income and expenditure items for 2021, identified sources of financing the regional budget deficit and identified the main characteristics of the regional budget for 2022 and for the planning period 2023 and 2024. The author concludes that the approved and executed budget assignments for 2022 differ; there is a surplus in budget execution, the expense formation is based on available funds, i.e., revenues are closely related to expenses, forming budget execution characteristics analysis at the end of the financial year is a significant component necessary for the development of a draft budget for the next year and the definition of further areas of activity of public authorities
Multi-Faceted Creativity of Artists of One City
No full textThe study of the topic provides an opportunity to get acquainted with another important phenomenon in Russian art, which received the concept of severe style and developed in the 1960s. The research considers the evolution and development of the genres of still life and landscape, their interpenetration in the works of artists. It also considers the diversity of creativity, different artists united by one city. Special attention is paid to the work of Leningrad artists. The artists of the Leningrad school of painting, characterized by certainty professional and moral criteria and as a result, caution against innovations. The study analyzes the creativity of such artists as A. Yakovlev, Y. Krestovsky, E. Moiseenko, O. Khorosheva, A. Lytkin, and others
Complex of Conservation Works to Preserve the Tombstone of the 18th Century from the Necropolis of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra in St. Petersburg
No full textThe 18th century St. Petersburg Necropolis of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra is a repository of information about thousands of names of statesmen, artists, military men, about the color of the spiritual and political life of Russia. Saving all this information is an important and difficult task. The difficulty lies in the variety and specificity of factors affecting the preservation of monuments. The project purpose was the conservation and restoration of the tombstone memorial plate in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra’s 18th century Necropolis. The author describes the conservation measures performed to preserve the 18th century memorial tombstone. The material of the slab is Putilov limestone. The complexity of such events lies in the fact that horizontally lying tombstones are an excellent springboard for various destructive processes that affect the preservation of the monument’s material. The concept of conservation works was aimed at deliberately emphasizing the places of restoration interventions and maximum preservation of the historical material of the Maremyana Petrovna Nefedova’s tombstone
The concept, signs and place of executive power in the mechanism of the modern state
No full textThe “executive power” concept is quite actively used in educational and scientific literature and regulatory documents. It requires a certain analysis of this category to understand its essence. The issues of theoretical and practical understanding of the problems of executive power law-making activity are constantly in the spotlight. It seems obvious that without defining the term “executive power” from the standpoint of legal science, it is impossible to judge its content in various fields of state activity. The foundations of scientific study were laid by such scientists as S.S. Alekseev, G.V. Atamanchuk, D.N. Bakhrah, I.L. Bachilo, R.F. Vasiliev, D.A. Kerimov, and others. The study purpose was to review the main issues of the formation of the concept of executive power. In the course of the study, logical, historical, comparative, and verification methods were applied. The author concludes that the executive branch is an independent and independent branch of state power within the framework of the principle of separation of powers. It is distinguished by its comprehensive, substantive and organizing nature, structuring into a single system of bodies that ensure the implementation of laws and regulations in established forms, procedures and methods within their powers
Conservation and Restoration of the Agate Rooms of the Summer Park Pavilion “Cold Bath” in Tsarskoye Selo in 2009-2013
No full textThe relevance of the topic lies in the fact that, due to their age and technical condition, cultural World Heritage sites periodically need conservation and restoration due to aging of the base and finishing materials, binders, instability of the indoor microclimate and the impact of force majeure circumstances on them. In this article, the author introduces the reader to the topic of conservation and restoration of interiors of the 18th century of the unique monument of the Agate Rooms of the Cold Bath pavilion, in the decoration of the walls of the interiors of which natural ornamental stones are used: jasper of different colors of the Altai and Ural deposits. The technique of finishing the interiors of the second floor with natural stone, its conservation and restoration, carried out professionally according to specially compiled individual methods, can be useful to restorers of the world community engaged in finishing works of decorative applied art with natural stone and their restoration
Cluster Approach in Professional Education in the Field of Traditional Artistic Crafts
No full textTraditions of artistic crafts in Russia have a centuries-old past and are inextricably linked with the history and culture of our country. Today, in the world of digitalization, the issue of continuity and transfer of accumulated artistic experience from generation to generation remains relevant. This article examines the current state of the sphere of traditional artistic crafts, assessing whether application of an educational-industrial cluster approach in this area and the formulation of the definition of “cluster approach” in professional education in the field of traditional artistic crafts. The author concludes that traditional culture can become the basis for the formation of the national identity of the younger generation in modern society