375,278 research outputs found
Hyang Ae Shin
No full text학위논문(박사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :의학과,2014. 2TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT i
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
PART ONE : Effect of Epicatechin against Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis : In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 1
Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3
A. Cell lines and irradiation conditions 3
B. Cell viability assay 3
C. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end
labeling (TUNEL) assay 4
D. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double
staining 4
E. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay 4
F. Measurement of intracellular ROS production 5
G. Western blot assay 5
H. Animal study 6
I. Assessment of radiation damage in rats 7
J. TUNEL staining in rats 8
K. Immunohistochemical analysis in rats 8
L. Statistical analyses 9
Ⅲ. RESULTS
A. Pretreatment with EC increased viability of irradiated HaCaT cells 10
B. EC protected HaCaT cells against radiation-induced apoptosis 12
C. EC inhibited radiation-induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane
potential 15
D. EC inhibited intracellular ROS generated by radiation 17
E. Inhibition of MAPK activity by epicatechin rescued the HaCaT cells from
radiation induced cytotoxicity 20
F. EC restored the oral intake, weight loss, and survival rate of irradiated rats 22
G. EC inhibited histopathologic changes of oral mucosa by irradiation in rats 26
H. EC reduced radiation-induced apoptosis in rat oral mucosa 29
IV. DISCUSSION 32
V. CONCLUSION 37
PART TWO : Radioprotective effect of epicatechin in cultured human fibroblasts and zebrafish
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 38
Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40
A. Cell lines and irradiation conditions 40
B. Cell viability assay 40
C. Colony-forming assay 41
D. Wound-healing assay 41
E. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay 42
F. Measurement of intracellular ROS production 42
G. Western blot assay 43
H. Radioprotective effects on zebrafish 43
I. Statistical analyses 44
Ⅲ. RESULTS
A. Epicatechin increased the viability and migration capability of irradiated primary
cultured fibroblasts 45
B. Epicatechin inhibited radiation-induced decrease of mitochondrial membrane
potential (MMP) 49
C. Epicatechin inhibited intracellular ROS generated by radiation 51
D. Inhibition of MAPK activity by epicatechin rescued the primary cultured
fibroblasts from radiation-induced cytotoxicity 53
E. Epicatechin protects zebrafish embryos from radiation cytotoxicity 55
IV. DISCUSSION 57
V. CONCLUSION 62
REFERENCES 63
국문요약 72DoctoralRadiotherapy has become increasingly important for treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral mucositis, associated with both radiation and chemotherapy, is a very common, painful, and dose-limiting toxicity, with an incidence that can be as high as 90%. Exposure of normal tissue to radiation can cause both acute and chronic toxicities including dermatitis, xerostomia or mucositis, and this can result in not only a cessation of the intended therapy, but also a decrease in quality of life for the patient. There has been a lot of effort to reduce the radiation toxicities, mainly by focusing on technological improvements in radiation delivery. Also, many radioprotective agents have been attempted to prevent radiation-induced mucositis. Despite this, no intervention has yet been completely successful in preventing radiation-induced mucositis. Green tea consumed in a balanced and controlled diet improves anti-oxidative status and can protect against oxidative damage. Beneficial activities attributed to green tea extracts and/or constituents include antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidative, antitumor, and antimutagenic activities. Furthermore, green tea extract can scavenge nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anions (O2 −) very effectively. Epicatechin (EC), a component of green tea, prevents cisplatin and radiation-induced, ROS-mediated ototoxicity and prevents changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. EC is among the important constituents responsible for the protective and antioxidant effects exhibited by green tea and is also active in lessening ionizing radiation-induced damage to DNA. However, the effect of EC as a radioprotective agent has not been investigated.
In this study, the therapeutic effects and protective mechanism of epicatechin on radiation-induced oral mucositis were investigated in HaCaT human keratinocyte line, primary cultured human fibroblasts, and in vivo in rat and zebrafish model. EC significantly inhibited radiation-induced apoptosis, change of MMP, and intracellular ROS generation in HaCaT cells and fibroblasts. EC treatment markedly attenuated the expression of p-JNK, p-38, and cleaved caspase-3 after irradiation in the HaCaT cells and fibroblasts. EC represents an effective means of reducing cellular damage and facilitating wound healing after radiation exposure. Rats with radiation-induced oral mucositis showed decreased oral intake, weight and survival rate, but oral administration of EC significantly restored all three parameters. Histopathologic changes were significantly decreased in the EC-treated irradiated rats. TUNEL staining of rat oral mucosa revealed that EC treatment significantly decreased radiation-induced apoptotic cells. Also EC attenuated the radiation-induced embryotoxicity in a zebrafish model. Although larger numbers of animals and clinically relevant fractionation schemes are necessary to confirm the effect of EC, these results suggest the possibility of EC to inhibit radiation-induced oral mucositis, a common complication in radiotherapy of head and neck cancers. EC may be a safe and effective candidate treatment for the prevention of radiation-induced mucositis
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide after direct administration into the stomach or duodenum
No full textThe pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide were compared after an oral administration or a direct administration of Lasix into the duodenum in humans (40 mg). Furosemide was absorbed quickly after a direct administration of Lasix into the duodenum; the peak plasma concentration of furosemide was reached within 1 h in both routes of administration, and the peak concentration was higher in all four subjects after a direct administration into the duodenum than after an oral administration. Furosemide was absorbed considerably after a direct administration of Lasix into the duodenum; the values of the area under the plasma concentration-time curves of furosemide from time zero to 4 h (AUC(0-4h), 93.6 versus 122 mu g min mL(-1), p < 0.123) and the cumulative amounts of the dose excreted in 8 h (10 600 versus 15 000 mu g, p < 0.0185) and 24 h (11 300 versus 15 400 mu g, p < 0.0192) urine as unchanged furosemide were significantly higher after a direct administration into the duodenum than after an oral administration. However, the amounts excreted in urine as glucuronide conjugates, a metabolite of furosemide, tended to increase after an oral administration (4030 versus 1670 mu g as expressed in terms of furosemide, p < 0.0858) when compared to a direct administration into the duodenum, possibly due to the increased gastric first-pass metabolism of furosemide. The 8 h urine output and 8 h urinary excretion of sodium did not increase significantly after a direct administration of Lasix into the duodenum, despite the significantly greater amount of the drug delivered to the active site after a direct administration into the duodenum. This could be explained by the fact that the urinary excretion rates of furosemide after a direct administration into the stomach were closer to the values of maximally efficient urinary excretion rate of furosemide during the 8 h experimental period than after a direct administration into the duodenum. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.N
Shin
No full textshim nAn instrument of wood, to take rinds off the tree.PRINTED ITEM DNE-citG.M.Story August 1959Used I and SupUsed I1Used Ishem, Shin, MUNDLE, SLICE, wedge, [see 'shims']The source is listed as 1792 ibid Gloss i, xiv in DNE
A simply connected surface of general type with p(g)=0 and K-2=4
No full textAs a continuation of the recent results of Y Lee and the second author [5] and the authors [6], we construct a simply connected minimal complex surface of general type with p(g) = 0 and K-2 = 4 by using a rational blow-down surgery and Q-Gorenstein smoothing theory.X1124sciescopu
Oral history interview with Isamu Shin, 2013 June 20
No full textIsamu Shin was born in Fukuoka in 1936. He and his family went into Nagasaki to check on relatives about a week after the bombing, making them nyu\u304shi hibakusha, or people who were exposed to radiation by entering Hiroshima or Nagasaki after the bombs had dropped. He describes the destruction in Nagasaki and the injuries his relatives suffered. He talks about his experiences after the war as a child in Nagasaki, where his family stayed, including how school life differed in the post-war era. He talks about how movies and songs helped to pique his interest in going to Hawaii. He moved to Yokohama to work as a cook in 1953 and then opened a restaurant there with his wife, whom he married in 1961. He moved to Hawaii in 1971 at the urging of his wife; a local restaurant sponsored his visa. He describes life in Hawaii, including his experiences working at a restaurant and his sense of the relative lack of discrimination he felt. He discusses how people rarely talked about being a hibakusha in the past and describes how he got his genbaku techo\u304 in 2005. He gives his opinion that it was better that the U.S. alone occupied Japan instead of splitting the country with the U.S.S.R. like Germany
Shin Nihongo no chūkyū : bunpō kaisetsusho Eigoban /
No full text"This book is a grammatical guide to Shin Nihongo no chūkyū ... designed for those who have finished Shin Nihongo no kiso I and Shin Nihongo no kiso II"--Pref
Urban culture research, Vol. I
No full textBuku ini berisikan makalah makalah dari para seniman seniman seperti Prof. Dr. R. M. Soedarsono, Prof. Dr. Shin Nakagawa, Prof. Dr. I Made Bandem, Prof. Dr. Saeko Ishita, Dr. Soeprapto Soedjono, Prof. Tamami Fukuda dan Dr. Irwan abdullah & Prof. Dr. Sjafri Sairin, Prof. Dr. Towao sakaehara
Linkage of biopsy, cancer, and population records aimed at the estimation of family risks in neoplasia: a pilot study
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LINKAGE OF BIOPSY, CANCER, AND POPULATION RECORDS AIMED AT THE ESTIMATION OF FAMILY RISKS IN NEOPLASIA - A PILOT-STUDY
Author(s): BARRAI, I (BARRAI, I); NENCI, I (NENCI, I); GUIDI, E (GUIDI, E); DELLACQUA, G (DELLACQUA, G); FORMICA, G (FORMICA, G); BARBUJANI, G (BARBUJANI, G); MARZOLA, A (MARZOLA, A); MARANI, G (MARANI, G); BARALE, R (BARALE, R); BERETTA, M (BERETTA, M)
Source: JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Pages: 107-111 DOI: 10.1136/jech.45.2.107 Published: JUN 1991
Times Cited: 1 (from Web of Science)
Cited References: 15 [ view related records ] Citation Map
Abstract: Study objective-The aim was to link individual demographic and medical records into sibships to obtain the sibling distribution of biopsies and cancers, and thereby calculate heritability and recurrence risks in families, thus aiding early diagnosis and prevention of cancers.
Design-The 157 823 individual records of the inhabitants of the town of Ferrara in Italy were automatically linked into 106 821 sibships. A 10% sample (10 842 sibships) was then extracted from the distribution of sibships and tabulated, for linkage to medical records.
Patients-The biopsy records at the Institute of Pathological Anatomy of the University of Ferrara were manually linked to cancer records and then to sibships. It was possible to construct the distribution of 2062 biopsies and of 829 cancers in sibships.
Results-From the distribution of biopsies and tumours in sibships, it was possible to estimate the incidence of tumours in the population (0.052) and in siblings of affected (0.083), and to apply to such distributions current methods for the estimate of heritability (h2 = 0.246) and of recurrence risks of tumours in sibships, age independent.
Conclusions-The study shows that the procedure resulting in the estimation of incidences and recurrence risks for tumours could be completely automated, and extended to whole populations and homogeneous subgroups in post industrial cultures
Stenopelmatus saltillo Weissman & Vandergast & Song & Shin & Mckenna & Ueshima 2021, n. sp.
No full textStenopelmatus saltillo Weissman, n. sp. Saltillo Jerusalem Cricket Figs 126–131, Table 2Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/447203
Stenopelmatus mineraldelmonte Weissman & Vandergast & Song & Shin & Mckenna & Ueshima 2021, n. sp.
No full textStenopelmatus mineraldelmonte Weissman, n. sp. Mineral del Monte Jerusalem Cricket Figs 81–83, Tables 1, 2Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/447203
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