40 research outputs found
Right handed neutrinos, TeV scale BSM neutral Higgs boson, and FIMP dark matter in an EFT framework
No full textInternational audienceWe consider an effective field theory framework with three Standard Model (SM) gauge singlet right-handed neutrinos, and an additional SM gauge singlet scalar field. The framework successfully generates eV masses of light neutrinos via the seesaw mechanism, and accommodates a feebly interacting massive particle (FIMP) as a dark matter candidate. Two of the gauge singlet neutrinos participate in neutrino mass generation, while the third gauge singlet neutrino is a FIMP dark matter. We explore the correlation between the vev (vacuum expectation value) of the gauge singlet scalar field which translates as mass of the BSM Higgs, and the mass of dark matter, which arises due to the relic density constraint. We furthermore explore the constraints from the light neutrino masses in this setup. We chose the gauge singlet BSM Higgs in this framework in the TeV scale. We perform a detailed collider analysis to explore the discovery prospect of the TeV scale BSM Higgs through its difatjet signature, at a future pp collider which can operate with s=100 TeV c.m. energy
CCDI Toolkit: Diversity & Inclusion Councils
No full textDiversity and inclusion is a core leadership competency in today’s organizations. As an inclusive leader, I understand the need and value of diversity of thought. It is well documented that diversity of thought is vital to an organization’s operational success. However, success will not be achieved by diversity alone. Once you have diverse people in the organization, how do you create an inclusive culture? As leaders, we must look at how we can be inclusive to make sure that the benefits of having a diverse workforce contribute to the business success of our organizations. The Global Diversity and Inclusion Benchmark recommends executive-led diversity councils as a foundational structure for an inclusive organization. We are pleased to present the latest in our toolkit series Diversity and Inclusion Councils: Toolkit, which provides insight to having a properly structured and empowered diversity and inclusion council. In this toolkit, the author Sujay Vardhmane discusses two key pillars needed to create inclusive environments: 1. leaders who are committed to diversity and inclusion, and 2. the structures for successful diversity and inclusion councils. This toolkit defines diversity councils; describes the types; explains the value of diversity and inclusion councils to different areas of the organization and provides guidance on operationalizing diversity councils in your organization. It includes references to tools that will help you measure and report the results that will help your organization move ahead of its competition. The biggest takeaway for you the reader is the checklist for a successful diversity and inclusion council. Overall, this toolkit provides a framework that will help you implement a diversity and inclusion council to produce organizational results from an inclusive culture. We hope you enjoy and find value in this toolkit. We look forward to bringing you more tools and resources as we engage dedicated professionals across Canada to solve our biggest inclusion challenges. Thanks. Michael Bach, CCDP/AP Founder and CEO Canadian Centre for Diversity and Inclusio
Switch-on-to-fault scheme for transmission line protection
No full textSwitch-on-to-fault (SOTF) schemes are used to maintain dependability and speed when closing a transmission line breaker onto a faulted line. This is accomplished by enabling overreaching directional and nondirectional protection elements for a short window of time shortly after the transmission line breaker closes. When line potential transformers (PTs) are used to polarize directional distance relays, there is no benefit to using memory voltage during an SOTF condition and the polarizing signal used is directly related to the amount of fault voltage available. Depending on the magnitude of fault voltage available, the speed of a directional distance element can be quite slow, even for faults away from the PT location. To mitigate this dependability and speed issue, a nondirectional instantaneous overcurrent (50) element is typically used, sometimes with undervoltage (27) supervision to balance security.
This thesis uses a case study to illustrate the speed sacrifices made when a directional distance element, rather than an instantaneous overcurrent element, must trip during an SOTF condition. Results are provided from testing various directional distance elements to determine the minimum voltage required for fast operation of these elements. This information, is used to determine the lowest value to use for undervoltage supervision of the instantaneous overcurrent element to ensure a voltage-supervised 50 element has adequate reach for fast SOTF operation.
The benefits of using a nondirectional distance element for SOTF protection are discussed. This element is significantly easier to set than an undervoltage-supervised instantaneous overcurrent element, which helps to maintain dependability, security, and speed during SOTF conditions. To illustrate, we provide formulas to plot the reach of the 50 and 27 elements in the impedance plane so that we can directly compare to the nondirectional characteristic. A guidance formula on how to set 50 element to maintain dependability under single-contingency conditions is provided. For the 27 element, further setting optimization to maintain security during tapped loads and line charging current scenarios is illustrated. Additional considerations, including the SOTF duration timer window, security concerns for a sensitively set ground overcurrent element, resetting SOTF with healthy line voltage, SOTF benefits during the use of bus PTs, and high-speed reclosing are also discussed.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-08-01The student, Sujay Dasgupta, accepted the attached license on 2020-07-24 at 09:38.The student, Sujay Dasgupta, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-07-24 at 10:21.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-07-24 at 11:12.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15742 on 2020-10-02 at 15:34:11Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-07T22:44:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2020-07-24Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 116269
Lift date: 2022-10-07T22:44:53Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Onl
PrivacyAlert: a dataset for image privacy prediction
No full textThis is a dataset for image privacy prediction. Images are from Flickr and annotated as private/public by crowd-sourcing platforms. Private images are ones that contain sensitive information and cannot be shared with everyone on social networking sites. Public images are ones that are safe to be shared with everyone. Our dataset can be used to train machine learning/deep learning models as binary classifiers to predict whether images contain sensitive information.
Please cite:
@inproceedings{zhao2022privacyalert,
title={PrivacyAlert: A Dataset for Image Privacy Prediction},
author={Zhao, Chenye and Mangat, Jasmine and Koujalgi, Sujay and Squicciarini, Anna and Caragea, Cornelia},
booktitle={Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media},
volume={16},
pages={1352--1361},
year={2022}
High resolution profiling of EGFR mutations in glioblastoma patients using an ultrasensitive digital PCR approach
No full textGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of adult brain cancer. The average survival time after GBM diagnosis is 14.6 months even with current tri-modality therapy. The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is amplified in 57% of GBM. Mutations in EGFR such as EGFR variant III, A289V, and R108K lead to more aggressive tumors, and diminished survival. We are in dire need of a molecular assay that rapidly profiles these alterations in EGFR since other assays currently available clinically, like Next Generation Sequencing, may take up to 4 weeks due to the batching of samples in current workflows.
Our lab has established a very sensitive and novel digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) assay that detects EGFRvIII in patient tumors within 24 hours of resection. This dPCR assay utilizes RNA extracted from microgram quantities of resected tumor from GBM patients, which is then converted to complementary DNA (cDNA). cDNA is then pre-amplified and subjected to the dPCR assay using specific primers and probes for EGFRvIII and EGFR WT. The assay is multiplexed with an internal reference control, RNaseP. The same starting material can be used to detect the presence or absence of two other mutations, R108K and A289V, with exquisite sensitivity and specificity.
We have utilized this assay and tested the platform on patient derived organoids and patient tumor samples. We have also validated this assay on exosomal RNA extracted from media used for culturing U87 WT and U87 vIII cell lines, as well as patient-derived glioma stem cell lines like NS039 and T4213.
This assay allows for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of EGFRvIII, EGFRWT, R108K, and A289V mutations in patient tumors and patient derived organoids. The workflow for this assay allows results within 24 hours of tumor resection, which facilitates early initiation of novel investigational therapeutic agents. It is possible that molecular characterization of tumor tissue, biofluids, microvesicles, platelets, and cfRNA would help to elucidate genomic variations that occur during disease recurrence. In the future, we plan to test this assay on RNA extracted from various microvesicles and platelets derived from blood to facilitate non-invasive tumor characterization and usefully complement conventional follow-up and imaging methods.This poster was presented at the first annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity while the author was an undergraduate student at Rutgers University-Camden
Ultrasensitive molecular profiling of EGFR mutations in glioblastoma multiforme using a rapid & high-resolution digital PCR approach
No full textGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive adult brain cancer with a 14.6-month average survival time, even with current therapies. 57% of GBM has amplified the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). EGFR variant III, A289V, & R108K are mutations in EGFR that lead to increased tumor aggression and poorer prognosis. Learning more about these mutations will stop gliomas and prevent diminished survival, and shorter life expectancies in these patients. More quantitative methods of detection would allow for elucidation of mutations that occur during cancer development, with emphasis on metastasizing tumors. To inhibit EGFR in certain cancers, it is necessary to identify why increased proliferation occurs, usually because of mutation. After looking at the molecular changes in GBM, current methods of detection will be discussed, and finally, a novel method, digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR), will be introduced. While the detection of EGFR mutations in GBM tumors is arguably the best example for the utilization of dPCR, other applications of this technology will also be explored. Researchers have established very sensitive dPCR assays that detect various EGFR mutations in patient-derived tumors & organoids in only one day after resection surgery. RNA extracted from minute quantities of the patient tumor is converted to cDNA, which is then pre-amplified. Next, cDNA is run through a dPCR assay with a specially designed set of primers & probes for EGFR mutations and wild-type EGFR. In the future, RNA derived from microvesicles & platelets in a patient’s blood can be analyzed to help develop a less invasive characterization of tumors to eventually complement current diagnostic and treatment methods.Winner: First Place, 2021 Paul Robeson Library Undergraduate Research Award
Dark matter to baryon ratio from scalar triplets decay in type-II seesaw
No full textWe propose a minimal model for the cosmic coincidence problem and neutrino mass in a type-II seesaw scenario. We extend the standard model of particle physics with a singlet leptonic Dirac fermion , which represents the candidate of dark matter (DM), and two triplet scalars with hierarchical masses. In the early Universe, the CP violating out-of-equilibrium decay of lightest generates a net asymmetry in the visible sector (comprising of SM fields), where B and L represents the total baryon and lepton number respectively. A part of this asymmetry gets transferred to the dark sector (comprising of DM ) through a dimension eight operator which conserves . Above the electroweak phase transition, the asymmetry of the visible sector gets converted to a net B-asymmetry by the violating sphalerons, while the asymmetry of the dark sector remains untouched which we see today as relics of DM. We show that the observed DM abundance can be explained for a DM mass about 8 GeV. We then introduce an additional singlet scalar field which mixes with the SM-Higgs to annihilate the symmetric component of the DM resonantly which requires the singlet scalar mass to be twice the DM mass, i.e. around 16 GeV, which can be searched at collider experiments. In our model, the active neutrinos also get small masses by the induced vacuum expectation value (vev) of the triplet scalars . In the later part of the paper we discuss all the constraints on model parameters coming from invisible Higgs decay, Higgs signal strength, DM direct detection and relic density of DM
Dark Sector extensions of the Littlest Seesaw in the presence of Primordial Black Holes
No full textThe Littlest Seesaw model is a very well motivated dark matter model. Here we
consider an extension of that model with an additional scalar and an additional
fermionic particle under the freeze-in scenario. Formation of black hole of a
certain mass range at primordial times can act as an alternate production
mechanism for the dark matter particles as it evaporates via Hawking radiation.
Furthermore, the presence of primordial black holes with substantial energy
density gives rise to non-standard cosmology which also modifies the freeze-in
production. In this paper, we have investigated the extended Littlest Seesaw
model under the freeze-in scenario in the presence of a primordial black hole
for various interesting cases and constrained the parameter space accordingly.
If the universe is primordial black hole dominated at any point in the
evolution of the universe, we find that the final relic in that case is
dominated mostly by the evaporation component for a high dark matter mass and
by the freeze-in component for a low dark matter mass.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted in JCA
Dark Matter Phenomenology in an Extended Littlest Seesaw Model and Effects of Primordial Black Hole
No full textWe consider an extension of the Littlest Seesaw model with an additional scalar and a fermionic particle under the freeze-in scenario. Primordial black holes of a certain mass range can act as an alternate production mechanism for the dark matter particles as it evaporates via Hawking radiation. Furthermore, the presence of primordial black holes with substantial energy density give rise to non-standard cosmology which also modifies the freeze-in production. We have investigated this freeze-in scenario in presence of primordial black holes for a few interesting cases and constrained the parameter space accordingly. If the universe is primordial black hole dominated at any point before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, we have found that the final relic in that case is constituted mostly by the evaporation component in the high dark matter mass and by the freeze-in component in the low dark matter mass
